Calculus Examples

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Step 1
To find the volume of the solid, first define the area of each slice then integrate across the range. The area of each slice is the area of a circle with radius and .
where and
Step 2
Simplify the integrand.
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Step 2.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 2.1.1
Rewrite as .
Step 2.1.2
Expand using the FOIL Method.
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Step 2.1.2.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 2.1.2.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 2.1.2.3
Apply the distributive property.
Step 2.1.3
Simplify and combine like terms.
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Step 2.1.3.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 2.1.3.1.1
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 2.1.3.1.2
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 2.1.3.1.2.1
Move .
Step 2.1.3.1.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.1.3.1.2.3
Add and .
Step 2.1.3.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 2.1.3.1.4
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 2.1.3.1.5
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 2.1.3.1.5.1
Move .
Step 2.1.3.1.5.2
Multiply by .
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Step 2.1.3.1.5.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 2.1.3.1.5.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.1.3.1.5.3
Add and .
Step 2.1.3.1.6
Multiply by .
Step 2.1.3.1.7
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 2.1.3.1.8
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 2.1.3.1.8.1
Move .
Step 2.1.3.1.8.2
Multiply by .
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Step 2.1.3.1.8.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 2.1.3.1.8.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.1.3.1.8.3
Add and .
Step 2.1.3.1.9
Multiply by .
Step 2.1.3.1.10
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 2.1.3.1.11
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 2.1.3.1.11.1
Move .
Step 2.1.3.1.11.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.1.3.1.12
Multiply by .
Step 2.1.3.2
Subtract from .
Step 2.1.4
Apply the product rule to .
Step 2.1.5
Raise to the power of .
Step 2.1.6
Multiply by .
Step 2.2
Subtract from .
Step 3
Split the single integral into multiple integrals.
Step 4
Since is constant with respect to , move out of the integral.
Step 5
By the Power Rule, the integral of with respect to is .
Step 6
Combine and .
Step 7
Since is constant with respect to , move out of the integral.
Step 8
By the Power Rule, the integral of with respect to is .
Step 9
Combine and .
Step 10
Since is constant with respect to , move out of the integral.
Step 11
By the Power Rule, the integral of with respect to is .
Step 12
Simplify the answer.
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Step 12.1
Combine and .
Step 12.2
Substitute and simplify.
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Step 12.2.1
Evaluate at and at .
Step 12.2.2
Evaluate at and at .
Step 12.2.3
Evaluate at and at .
Step 12.2.4
Simplify.
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Step 12.2.4.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 12.2.4.2
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 12.2.4.3
Cancel the common factor of and .
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Step 12.2.4.3.1
Factor out of .
Step 12.2.4.3.2
Cancel the common factors.
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Step 12.2.4.3.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 12.2.4.3.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 12.2.4.3.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 12.2.4.3.2.4
Divide by .
Step 12.2.4.4
Multiply by .
Step 12.2.4.5
Add and .
Step 12.2.4.6
Combine and .
Step 12.2.4.7
Multiply by .
Step 12.2.4.8
Raise to the power of .
Step 12.2.4.9
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 12.2.4.10
Cancel the common factor of and .
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Step 12.2.4.10.1
Factor out of .
Step 12.2.4.10.2
Cancel the common factors.
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Step 12.2.4.10.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 12.2.4.10.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 12.2.4.10.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 12.2.4.10.2.4
Divide by .
Step 12.2.4.11
Multiply by .
Step 12.2.4.12
Add and .
Step 12.2.4.13
Combine and .
Step 12.2.4.14
Multiply by .
Step 12.2.4.15
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 12.2.4.16
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 12.2.4.17
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 12.2.4.18
Write each expression with a common denominator of , by multiplying each by an appropriate factor of .
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Step 12.2.4.18.1
Multiply by .
Step 12.2.4.18.2
Multiply by .
Step 12.2.4.18.3
Multiply by .
Step 12.2.4.18.4
Multiply by .
Step 12.2.4.19
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 12.2.4.20
Multiply by .
Step 12.2.4.21
Multiply by .
Step 12.2.4.22
Subtract from .
Step 12.2.4.23
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 12.2.4.24
Raise to the power of .
Step 12.2.4.25
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 12.2.4.26
Cancel the common factor of and .
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Step 12.2.4.26.1
Factor out of .
Step 12.2.4.26.2
Cancel the common factors.
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Step 12.2.4.26.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 12.2.4.26.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 12.2.4.26.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 12.2.4.26.2.4
Divide by .
Step 12.2.4.27
Multiply by .
Step 12.2.4.28
Add and .
Step 12.2.4.29
Combine and .
Step 12.2.4.30
Multiply by .
Step 12.2.4.31
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 12.2.4.32
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 12.2.4.33
Write each expression with a common denominator of , by multiplying each by an appropriate factor of .
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Step 12.2.4.33.1
Multiply by .
Step 12.2.4.33.2
Multiply by .
Step 12.2.4.33.3
Multiply by .
Step 12.2.4.33.4
Multiply by .
Step 12.2.4.34
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 12.2.4.35
Multiply by .
Step 12.2.4.36
Multiply by .
Step 12.2.4.37
Add and .
Step 12.2.4.38
Combine and .
Step 12.2.4.39
Multiply by .
Step 13
Divide by .
Step 14
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