Calculus Examples

$y = x^{2} {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}}$

Step 1

Differentiate both sides of the equation.

$\frac{d}{d x} (y) = \frac{d}{d x} (x^{2} {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}})$

Step 2

The derivative of $y$ with respect to $x$ is $y'$ .

$y'$

Step 3

Differentiate the right side of the equation.

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Step 3.1

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = x^{2}$ and $g (x) = {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}}$ .

$x^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [{(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}}] + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.2

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = x^{\frac{1}{3}}$ and $g (x) = 4 - 6 x^{2}$ .

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Step 3.2.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u$ as $4 - 6 x^{2}$ .

$x^{2} (\frac{d}{d u} [u^{\frac{1}{3}}] \frac{d}{d x} [4 - 6 x^{2}]) + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.2.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u} [u^{n}]$ is $n u^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{1}{3}$ .

$x^{2} (\frac{1}{3} u^{\frac{1}{3} - 1} \frac{d}{d x} [4 - 6 x^{2}]) + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.2.3

Replace all occurrences of $u$ with $4 - 6 x^{2}$ .

$x^{2} (\frac{1}{3} {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3} - 1} \frac{d}{d x} [4 - 6 x^{2}]) + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.3

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$x^{2} (\frac{1}{3} {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3} - 1 \cdot \frac{3}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [4 - 6 x^{2}]) + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.4

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$x^{2} (\frac{1}{3} {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 3}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [4 - 6 x^{2}]) + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.5

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$x^{2} (\frac{1}{3} {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1 - 1 \cdot 3}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [4 - 6 x^{2}]) + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.6

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 3.6.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $3$ .

$x^{2} (\frac{1}{3} {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1 - 3}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [4 - 6 x^{2}]) + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.6.2

Subtract $3$ from $1$ .

$x^{2} (\frac{1}{3} {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{- 2}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [4 - 6 x^{2}]) + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.7

Combine fractions.

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Step 3.7.1

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$x^{2} (\frac{1}{3} {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{- \frac{2}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [4 - 6 x^{2}]) + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.7.2

Combine $\frac{1}{3}$ and ${(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{- \frac{2}{3}}$ .

$x^{2} (\frac{{(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{- \frac{2}{3}}}{3} \frac{d}{d x} [4 - 6 x^{2}]) + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.7.3

Move ${(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{- \frac{2}{3}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$x^{2} (\frac{1}{3 {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}} \frac{d}{d x} [4 - 6 x^{2}]) + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.7.4

Combine $\frac{1}{3 {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$ and $x^{2}$ .

$\frac{x^{2}}{3 {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}} \frac{d}{d x} [4 - 6 x^{2}] + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.8

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $4 - 6 x^{2}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [4] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 6 x^{2}]$ .

$\frac{x^{2}}{3 {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}} (\frac{d}{d x} [4] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 6 x^{2}]) + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.9

Since $4$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $4$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$\frac{x^{2}}{3 {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}} (0 + \frac{d}{d x} [- 6 x^{2}]) + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.10

Add $0$ and $\frac{d}{d x} [- 6 x^{2}]$ .

$\frac{x^{2}}{3 {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}} \frac{d}{d x} [- 6 x^{2}] + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.11

Since $- 6$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $- 6 x^{2}$ with respect to $x$ is $- 6 \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$ .

$\frac{x^{2}}{3 {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}} (- 6 \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]) + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.12

Simplify terms.

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Step 3.12.1

Combine $- 6$ and $\frac{x^{2}}{3 {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$ .

$\frac{- 6 x^{2}}{3 {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}] + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.12.2

Factor $3$ out of $- 6 x^{2}$ .

$\frac{3 (- 2 x^{2})}{3 {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}] + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.13

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 3.13.1

Factor $3$ out of $3 {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}$ .

$\frac{3 (- 2 x^{2})}{3 ({(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}})} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}] + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.13.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{3 (- 2 x^{2})}{3 {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}] + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.13.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{- 2 x^{2}}{{(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}] + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.14

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$- \frac{(2) x^{2}}{{(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}] + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.15

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 2$ .

$- \frac{2 x^{2}}{{(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}} (2 x) + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.16

Combine fractions.

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Step 3.16.1

Multiply $2$ by $- 1$ .

$- 2 \frac{2 x^{2}}{{(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}} x + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.16.2

Combine $- 2$ and $\frac{2 x^{2}}{{(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$ .

$\frac{- 2 (2 x^{2})}{{(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}} x + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.16.3

Multiply $2$ by $- 2$ .

$\frac{- 4 x^{2}}{{(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}} x + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.16.4

Combine $\frac{- 4 x^{2}}{{(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$ and $x$ .

$\frac{- 4 x^{2} x}{{(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}} + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.17

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$\frac{- 4 (x^{1} x^{2})}{{(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}} + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.18

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{- 4 x^{1 + 2}}{{(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}} + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.19

Simplify the expression.

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Step 3.19.1

Add $1$ and $2$ .

$\frac{- 4 x^{3}}{{(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}} + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.19.2

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$- \frac{(4) x^{3}}{{(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}} + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$

Step 3.20

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 2$ .

$- \frac{4 x^{3}}{{(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}} + {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} (2 x)$

Step 3.21

Reorder.

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Step 3.21.1

Move $2$ to the left of ${(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}}$ .

$- \frac{4 x^{3}}{{(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{2}{3}}} + 2 \cdot {(4 - 6 x^{2})}^{\frac{1}{3}} x$

Step 3.21.2

Move ${(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{1}{3}}$ .

$- \frac{4 x^{3}}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}} + 2 x {(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{1}{3}}$

Step 3.22

To write $2 x {(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{1}{3}}$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$ .

$- \frac{4 x^{3}}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}} + \frac{2 x {(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{1}{3}} {(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.23

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{- 4 x^{3} + 2 x {(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{1}{3}} {(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.24

Multiply ${(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{1}{3}}$ by ${(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 3.24.1

Move ${(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}$ .

$\frac{- 4 x^{3} + 2 x ({(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}} {(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{1}{3}})}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.24.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{- 4 x^{3} + 2 x {(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3} + \frac{1}{3}}}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.24.3

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{- 4 x^{3} + 2 x {(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2 + 1}{3}}}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.24.4

Add $2$ and $1$ .

$\frac{- 4 x^{3} + 2 x {(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{3}{3}}}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.24.5

Divide $3$ by $3$ .

$\frac{- 4 x^{3} + 2 x {(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{1}}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.25

Simplify $2 x {(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{1}$ .

$\frac{- 4 x^{3} + 2 x (- 6 x^{2} + 4)}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.26

Simplify.

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Step 3.26.1

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{- 4 x^{3} + 2 x (- 6 x^{2}) + 2 x \cdot 4}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.26.2

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 3.26.2.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 3.26.2.1.1

Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.

$\frac{- 4 x^{3} + 2 \cdot - 6 x \cdot x^{2} + 2 x \cdot 4}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.26.2.1.2

Multiply $x$ by $x^{2}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 3.26.2.1.2.1

Move $x^{2}$ .

$\frac{- 4 x^{3} + 2 \cdot - 6 (x^{2} x) + 2 x \cdot 4}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.26.2.1.2.2

Multiply $x^{2}$ by $x$ .

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Step 3.26.2.1.2.2.1

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$\frac{- 4 x^{3} + 2 \cdot - 6 (x^{2} x^{1}) + 2 x \cdot 4}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.26.2.1.2.2.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{- 4 x^{3} + 2 \cdot - 6 x^{2 + 1} + 2 x \cdot 4}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.26.2.1.2.3

Add $2$ and $1$ .

$\frac{- 4 x^{3} + 2 \cdot - 6 x^{3} + 2 x \cdot 4}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.26.2.1.3

Multiply $2$ by $- 6$ .

$\frac{- 4 x^{3} - 12 x^{3} + 2 x \cdot 4}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.26.2.1.4

Multiply $4$ by $2$ .

$\frac{- 4 x^{3} - 12 x^{3} + 8 x}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.26.2.2

Subtract $12 x^{3}$ from $- 4 x^{3}$ .

$\frac{- 16 x^{3} + 8 x}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.26.3

Factor $8 x$ out of $- 16 x^{3} + 8 x$ .

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Step 3.26.3.1

Factor $8 x$ out of $- 16 x^{3}$ .

$\frac{8 x (- 2 x^{2}) + 8 x}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.26.3.2

Factor $8 x$ out of $8 x$ .

$\frac{8 x (- 2 x^{2}) + 8 x (1)}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.26.3.3

Factor $8 x$ out of $8 x (- 2 x^{2}) + 8 x (1)$ .

$\frac{8 x (- 2 x^{2} + 1)}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.26.4

Factor $- 1$ out of $- 2 x^{2}$ .

$\frac{8 x (- (2 x^{2}) + 1)}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.26.5

Rewrite $1$ as $- 1 (- 1)$ .

$\frac{8 x (- (2 x^{2}) - 1 (- 1))}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.26.6

Factor $- 1$ out of $- (2 x^{2}) - 1 (- 1)$ .

$\frac{8 x (- (2 x^{2} - 1))}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.26.7

Rewrite $- (2 x^{2} - 1)$ as $- 1 (2 x^{2} - 1)$ .

$\frac{8 x (- 1 (2 x^{2} - 1))}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.26.8

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$- \frac{(8 x) (2 x^{2} - 1)}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 3.26.9

Reorder factors in $- \frac{(8 x) (2 x^{2} - 1)}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$ .

$- \frac{8 x (2 x^{2} - 1)}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 4

Reform the equation by setting the left side equal to the right side.

$y' = - \frac{8 x (2 x^{2} - 1)}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 5

Replace $y'$ with $\frac{d y}{d x}$ .

$\frac{d y}{d x} = - \frac{8 x (2 x^{2} - 1)}{{(- 6 x^{2} + 4)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}$