Calculus Examples

$y = {(\frac{6 x + 9}{6 x - 9})}^{4}$

Step 1

Differentiate both sides of the equation.

$\frac{d}{d x} (y) = \frac{d}{d x} ({(\frac{6 x + 9}{6 x - 9})}^{4})$

Step 2

The derivative of $y$ with respect to $x$ is $y'$ .

$y'$

Step 3

Differentiate the right side of the equation.

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Step 3.1

Cancel the common factor of $6 x + 9$ and $6 x - 9$ .

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Step 3.1.1

Factor $3$ out of $6 x$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [{(\frac{3 (2 x) + 9}{6 x - 9})}^{4}]$

Step 3.1.2

Factor $3$ out of $9$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [{(\frac{3 (2 x) + 3 (3)}{6 x - 9})}^{4}]$

Step 3.1.3

Factor $3$ out of $3 (2 x) + 3 (3)$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [{(\frac{3 (2 x + 3)}{6 x - 9})}^{4}]$

Step 3.1.4

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 3.1.4.1

Factor $3$ out of $6 x$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [{(\frac{3 (2 x + 3)}{3 (2 x) - 9})}^{4}]$

Step 3.1.4.2

Factor $3$ out of $- 9$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [{(\frac{3 (2 x + 3)}{3 (2 x) + 3 (- 3)})}^{4}]$

Step 3.1.4.3

Factor $3$ out of $3 (2 x) + 3 (- 3)$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [{(\frac{3 (2 x + 3)}{3 (2 x - 3)})}^{4}]$

Step 3.1.4.4

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{d}{d x} [{(\frac{3 (2 x + 3)}{3 (2 x - 3)})}^{4}]$

Step 3.1.4.5

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{d}{d x} [{(\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3})}^{4}]$

Step 3.2

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = x^{4}$ and $g (x) = \frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3}$ .

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Step 3.2.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u$ as $\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3}$ .

$\frac{d}{d u} [u^{4}] \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3}]$

Step 3.2.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u} [u^{n}]$ is $n u^{n - 1}$ where $n = 4$ .

$4 u^{3} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3}]$

Step 3.2.3

Replace all occurrences of $u$ with $\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3}$ .

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Step 3.2.3.1

Factor $3$ out of $6 x$ .

$4 {(\frac{3 (2 x) + 9}{6 x - 9})}^{3} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3}]$

Step 3.2.3.2

Factor $3$ out of $9$ .

$4 {(\frac{3 (2 x) + 3 (3)}{6 x - 9})}^{3} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3}]$

Step 3.2.3.3

Factor $3$ out of $3 (2 x) + 3 (3)$ .

$4 {(\frac{3 (2 x + 3)}{6 x - 9})}^{3} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3}]$

Step 3.2.3.4

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 3.2.3.4.1

Factor $3$ out of $6 x$ .

$4 {(\frac{3 (2 x + 3)}{3 (2 x) - 9})}^{3} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3}]$

Step 3.2.3.4.2

Factor $3$ out of $- 9$ .

$4 {(\frac{3 (2 x + 3)}{3 (2 x) + 3 (- 3)})}^{3} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3}]$

Step 3.2.3.4.3

Factor $3$ out of $3 (2 x) + 3 (- 3)$ .

$4 {(\frac{3 (2 x + 3)}{3 (2 x - 3)})}^{3} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3}]$

Step 3.2.3.4.4

Cancel the common factor.

$4 {(\frac{3 (2 x + 3)}{3 (2 x - 3)})}^{3} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3}]$

Step 3.2.3.4.5

Rewrite the expression.

$4 {(\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3})}^{3} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3}]$

Step 3.3

Differentiate using the Quotient Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [\frac{f (x)}{g (x)}]$ is $\frac{g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)] - f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)]}{{g (x)}^{2}}$ where $f (x) = 2 x + 3$ and $g (x) = 2 x - 3$ .

$4 {(\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3})}^{3} \frac{(2 x - 3) \frac{d}{d x} [2 x + 3] - (2 x + 3) \frac{d}{d x} [2 x - 3]}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}}$

Step 3.4

Differentiate.

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Step 3.4.1

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $2 x + 3$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [2 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [3]$ .

$4 {(\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3})}^{3} \frac{(2 x - 3) (\frac{d}{d x} [2 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [3]) - (2 x + 3) \frac{d}{d x} [2 x - 3]}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}}$

Step 3.4.2

Since $2$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $2 x$ with respect to $x$ is $2 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$4 {(\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3})}^{3} \frac{(2 x - 3) (2 \frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [3]) - (2 x + 3) \frac{d}{d x} [2 x - 3]}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}}$

Step 3.4.3

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$4 {(\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3})}^{3} \frac{(2 x - 3) (2 \cdot 1 + \frac{d}{d x} [3]) - (2 x + 3) \frac{d}{d x} [2 x - 3]}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}}$

Step 3.4.4

Multiply $2$ by $1$ .

$4 {(\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3})}^{3} \frac{(2 x - 3) (2 + \frac{d}{d x} [3]) - (2 x + 3) \frac{d}{d x} [2 x - 3]}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}}$

Step 3.4.5

Since $3$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $3$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$4 {(\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3})}^{3} \frac{(2 x - 3) (2 + 0) - (2 x + 3) \frac{d}{d x} [2 x - 3]}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}}$

Step 3.4.6

Simplify the expression.

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Step 3.4.6.1

Add $2$ and $0$ .

$4 {(\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3})}^{3} \frac{(2 x - 3) \cdot 2 - (2 x + 3) \frac{d}{d x} [2 x - 3]}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}}$

Step 3.4.6.2

Move $2$ to the left of $2 x - 3$ .

$4 {(\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3})}^{3} \frac{2 \cdot (2 x - 3) - (2 x + 3) \frac{d}{d x} [2 x - 3]}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}}$

Step 3.4.7

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $2 x - 3$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [2 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 3]$ .

$4 {(\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3})}^{3} \frac{2 (2 x - 3) - (2 x + 3) (\frac{d}{d x} [2 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 3])}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}}$

Step 3.4.8

Since $2$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $2 x$ with respect to $x$ is $2 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$4 {(\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3})}^{3} \frac{2 (2 x - 3) - (2 x + 3) (2 \frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 3])}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}}$

Step 3.4.9

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$4 {(\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3})}^{3} \frac{2 (2 x - 3) - (2 x + 3) (2 \cdot 1 + \frac{d}{d x} [- 3])}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}}$

Step 3.4.10

Multiply $2$ by $1$ .

$4 {(\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3})}^{3} \frac{2 (2 x - 3) - (2 x + 3) (2 + \frac{d}{d x} [- 3])}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}}$

Step 3.4.11

Since $- 3$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $- 3$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$4 {(\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3})}^{3} \frac{2 (2 x - 3) - (2 x + 3) (2 + 0)}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}}$

Step 3.4.12

Combine fractions.

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Step 3.4.12.1

Add $2$ and $0$ .

$4 {(\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3})}^{3} \frac{2 (2 x - 3) - (2 x + 3) \cdot 2}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}}$

Step 3.4.12.2

Multiply $2$ by $- 1$ .

$4 {(\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3})}^{3} \frac{2 (2 x - 3) - 2 (2 x + 3)}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}}$

Step 3.4.12.3

Combine $\frac{2 (2 x - 3) - 2 (2 x + 3)}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}}$ and $4$ .

$\frac{(2 (2 x - 3) - 2 (2 x + 3)) \cdot 4}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}} {(\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3})}^{3}$

Step 3.4.12.4

Move $4$ to the left of $2 (2 x - 3) - 2 (2 x + 3)$ .

$\frac{4 \cdot (2 (2 x - 3) - 2 (2 x + 3))}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}} {(\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3})}^{3}$

Step 3.5

Simplify.

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Step 3.5.1

Apply the product rule to $\frac{2 x + 3}{2 x - 3}$ .

$\frac{4 (2 (2 x - 3) - 2 (2 x + 3))}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{{(2 x + 3)}^{3}}{{(2 x - 3)}^{3}}$

Step 3.5.2

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{4 (2 (2 x) + 2 \cdot - 3 - 2 (2 x + 3))}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{{(2 x + 3)}^{3}}{{(2 x - 3)}^{3}}$

Step 3.5.3

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{4 (2 (2 x) + 2 \cdot - 3 - 2 (2 x) - 2 \cdot 3)}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{{(2 x + 3)}^{3}}{{(2 x - 3)}^{3}}$

Step 3.5.4

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{4 (2 (2 x)) + 4 (2 \cdot - 3) + 4 (- 2 (2 x)) + 4 (- 2 \cdot 3)}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{{(2 x + 3)}^{3}}{{(2 x - 3)}^{3}}$

Step 3.5.5

Combine terms.

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Step 3.5.5.1

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$\frac{4 (4 x) + 4 (2 \cdot - 3) + 4 (- 2 (2 x)) + 4 (- 2 \cdot 3)}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{{(2 x + 3)}^{3}}{{(2 x - 3)}^{3}}$

Step 3.5.5.2

Multiply $4$ by $4$ .

$\frac{16 x + 4 (2 \cdot - 3) + 4 (- 2 (2 x)) + 4 (- 2 \cdot 3)}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{{(2 x + 3)}^{3}}{{(2 x - 3)}^{3}}$

Step 3.5.5.3

Multiply $2$ by $- 3$ .

$\frac{16 x + 4 \cdot - 6 + 4 (- 2 (2 x)) + 4 (- 2 \cdot 3)}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{{(2 x + 3)}^{3}}{{(2 x - 3)}^{3}}$

Step 3.5.5.4

Multiply $4$ by $- 6$ .

$\frac{16 x - 24 + 4 (- 2 (2 x)) + 4 (- 2 \cdot 3)}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{{(2 x + 3)}^{3}}{{(2 x - 3)}^{3}}$

Step 3.5.5.5

Multiply $2$ by $- 2$ .

$\frac{16 x - 24 + 4 (- 4 x) + 4 (- 2 \cdot 3)}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{{(2 x + 3)}^{3}}{{(2 x - 3)}^{3}}$

Step 3.5.5.6

Multiply $- 4$ by $4$ .

$\frac{16 x - 24 - 16 x + 4 (- 2 \cdot 3)}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{{(2 x + 3)}^{3}}{{(2 x - 3)}^{3}}$

Step 3.5.5.7

Multiply $- 2$ by $3$ .

$\frac{16 x - 24 - 16 x + 4 \cdot - 6}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{{(2 x + 3)}^{3}}{{(2 x - 3)}^{3}}$

Step 3.5.5.8

Multiply $4$ by $- 6$ .

$\frac{16 x - 24 - 16 x - 24}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{{(2 x + 3)}^{3}}{{(2 x - 3)}^{3}}$

Step 3.5.5.9

Subtract $16 x$ from $16 x$ .

$\frac{0 - 24 - 24}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{{(2 x + 3)}^{3}}{{(2 x - 3)}^{3}}$

Step 3.5.5.10

Subtract $24$ from $0$ .

$\frac{- 24 - 24}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{{(2 x + 3)}^{3}}{{(2 x - 3)}^{3}}$

Step 3.5.5.11

Subtract $24$ from $- 24$ .

$\frac{- 48}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{{(2 x + 3)}^{3}}{{(2 x - 3)}^{3}}$

Step 3.5.5.12

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$- \frac{48}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{{(2 x + 3)}^{3}}{{(2 x - 3)}^{3}}$

Step 3.5.5.13

Multiply $\frac{{(2 x + 3)}^{3}}{{(2 x - 3)}^{3}}$ by $\frac{48}{{(2 x - 3)}^{2}}$ .

$- \frac{{(2 x + 3)}^{3} \cdot 48}{{(2 x - 3)}^{3} {(2 x - 3)}^{2}}$

Step 3.5.5.14

Multiply ${(2 x - 3)}^{3}$ by ${(2 x - 3)}^{2}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 3.5.5.14.1

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$- \frac{{(2 x + 3)}^{3} \cdot 48}{{(2 x - 3)}^{3 + 2}}$

Step 3.5.5.14.2

Add $3$ and $2$ .

$- \frac{{(2 x + 3)}^{3} \cdot 48}{{(2 x - 3)}^{5}}$

Step 3.5.5.15

Move $48$ to the left of ${(2 x + 3)}^{3}$ .

$- \frac{48 {(2 x + 3)}^{3}}{{(2 x - 3)}^{5}}$

Step 4

Reform the equation by setting the left side equal to the right side.

$y' = - \frac{48 {(2 x + 3)}^{3}}{{(2 x - 3)}^{5}}$

Step 5

Replace $y'$ with $\frac{d y}{d x}$ .

$\frac{d y}{d x} = - \frac{48 {(2 x + 3)}^{3}}{{(2 x - 3)}^{5}}$