Calculus Examples

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{2 x^{3} - (3 x + 1) \sqrt{x} + 2}{x - 1}$

Step 1

Evaluate the limit of the numerator and the limit of the denominator.

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Step 1.1

Take the limit of the numerator and the limit of the denominator.

$\frac{lim_{x \to 1} 2 x^{3} - (3 x + 1) \sqrt{x} + 2}{lim_{x \to 1} x - 1}$

Step 1.2

Evaluate the limit of the numerator.

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Step 1.2.1

Split the limit using the Sum of Limits Rule on the limit as $x$ approaches $1$ .

$\frac{lim_{x \to 1} 2 x^{3} - lim_{x \to 1} (3 x + 1) \sqrt{x} + lim_{x \to 1} 2}{lim_{x \to 1} x - 1}$

Step 1.2.2

Move the term $2$ outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to $x$ .

$\frac{2 lim_{x \to 1} x^{3} - lim_{x \to 1} (3 x + 1) \sqrt{x} + lim_{x \to 1} 2}{lim_{x \to 1} x - 1}$

Step 1.2.3

Move the exponent $3$ from $x^{3}$ outside the limit using the Limits Power Rule.

$\frac{2 {(lim_{x \to 1} x)}^{3} - lim_{x \to 1} (3 x + 1) \sqrt{x} + lim_{x \to 1} 2}{lim_{x \to 1} x - 1}$

Step 1.2.4

Split the limit using the Product of Limits Rule on the limit as $x$ approaches $1$ .

$\frac{2 {(lim_{x \to 1} x)}^{3} - lim_{x \to 1} 3 x + 1 \cdot lim_{x \to 1} \sqrt{x} + lim_{x \to 1} 2}{lim_{x \to 1} x - 1}$

Step 1.2.5

Split the limit using the Sum of Limits Rule on the limit as $x$ approaches $1$ .

$\frac{2 {(lim_{x \to 1} x)}^{3} - (lim_{x \to 1} 3 x + lim_{x \to 1} 1) \cdot lim_{x \to 1} \sqrt{x} + lim_{x \to 1} 2}{lim_{x \to 1} x - 1}$

Step 1.2.6

Move the term $3$ outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to $x$ .

$\frac{2 {(lim_{x \to 1} x)}^{3} - (3 lim_{x \to 1} x + lim_{x \to 1} 1) \cdot lim_{x \to 1} \sqrt{x} + lim_{x \to 1} 2}{lim_{x \to 1} x - 1}$

Step 1.2.7

Evaluate the limit of $1$ which is constant as $x$ approaches $1$ .

$\frac{2 {(lim_{x \to 1} x)}^{3} - (3 lim_{x \to 1} x + 1) \cdot lim_{x \to 1} \sqrt{x} + lim_{x \to 1} 2}{lim_{x \to 1} x - 1}$

Step 1.2.8

Move the limit under the radical sign.

$\frac{2 {(lim_{x \to 1} x)}^{3} - (3 lim_{x \to 1} x + 1) \cdot \sqrt{lim_{x \to 1} x} + lim_{x \to 1} 2}{lim_{x \to 1} x - 1}$

Step 1.2.9

Evaluate the limit of $2$ which is constant as $x$ approaches $1$ .

$\frac{2 {(lim_{x \to 1} x)}^{3} - (3 lim_{x \to 1} x + 1) \cdot \sqrt{lim_{x \to 1} x} + 2}{lim_{x \to 1} x - 1}$

Step 1.2.10

Evaluate the limits by plugging in $1$ for all occurrences of $x$ .

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Step 1.2.10.1

Evaluate the limit of $x$ by plugging in $1$ for $x$ .

$\frac{2 \cdot 1^{3} - (3 lim_{x \to 1} x + 1) \cdot \sqrt{lim_{x \to 1} x} + 2}{lim_{x \to 1} x - 1}$

Step 1.2.10.2

Evaluate the limit of $x$ by plugging in $1$ for $x$ .

$\frac{2 \cdot 1^{3} - (3 \cdot 1 + 1) \cdot \sqrt{lim_{x \to 1} x} + 2}{lim_{x \to 1} x - 1}$

Step 1.2.10.3

Evaluate the limit of $x$ by plugging in $1$ for $x$ .

$\frac{2 \cdot 1^{3} - (3 \cdot 1 + 1) \cdot \sqrt{1} + 2}{lim_{x \to 1} x - 1}$

Step 1.2.11

Simplify the answer.

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Step 1.2.11.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 1.2.11.1.1

One to any power is one.

$\frac{2 \cdot 1 - (3 \cdot 1 + 1) \cdot \sqrt{1} + 2}{lim_{x \to 1} x - 1}$

Step 1.2.11.1.2

Multiply $2$ by $1$ .

$\frac{2 - (3 \cdot 1 + 1) \cdot \sqrt{1} + 2}{lim_{x \to 1} x - 1}$

Step 1.2.11.1.3

Multiply $3$ by $1$ .

$\frac{2 - (3 + 1) \cdot \sqrt{1} + 2}{lim_{x \to 1} x - 1}$

Step 1.2.11.1.4

Add $3$ and $1$ .

$\frac{2 - 1 \cdot 4 \cdot \sqrt{1} + 2}{lim_{x \to 1} x - 1}$

Step 1.2.11.1.5

Multiply $- 1$ by $4$ .

$\frac{2 - 4 \cdot \sqrt{1} + 2}{lim_{x \to 1} x - 1}$

Step 1.2.11.1.6

Any root of $1$ is $1$ .

$\frac{2 - 4 \cdot 1 + 2}{lim_{x \to 1} x - 1}$

Step 1.2.11.1.7

Multiply $- 4$ by $1$ .

$\frac{2 - 4 + 2}{lim_{x \to 1} x - 1}$

Step 1.2.11.2

Subtract $4$ from $2$ .

$\frac{- 2 + 2}{lim_{x \to 1} x - 1}$

Step 1.2.11.3

Add $- 2$ and $2$ .

$\frac{0}{lim_{x \to 1} x - 1}$

Step 1.3

Evaluate the limit of the denominator.

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Step 1.3.1

Evaluate the limit.

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Step 1.3.1.1

Split the limit using the Sum of Limits Rule on the limit as $x$ approaches $1$ .

$\frac{0}{lim_{x \to 1} x - lim_{x \to 1} 1}$

Step 1.3.1.2

Evaluate the limit of $1$ which is constant as $x$ approaches $1$ .

$\frac{0}{lim_{x \to 1} x - 1 \cdot 1}$

Step 1.3.2

Evaluate the limit of $x$ by plugging in $1$ for $x$ .

$\frac{0}{1 - 1 \cdot 1}$

Step 1.3.3

Simplify the answer.

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Step 1.3.3.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $1$ .

$\frac{0}{1 - 1}$

Step 1.3.3.2

Subtract $1$ from $1$ .

$\frac{0}{0}$

Step 1.3.3.3

The expression contains a division by $0$ . The expression is undefined.

Undefined

$\frac{0}{0}$

Step 1.3.4

The expression contains a division by $0$ . The expression is undefined.

Undefined

$\frac{0}{0}$

Step 1.4

The expression contains a division by $0$ . The expression is undefined.

Undefined

$\frac{0}{0}$

Step 2

Since $\frac{0}{0}$ is of indeterminate form, apply L'Hospital's Rule. L'Hospital's Rule states that the limit of a quotient of functions is equal to the limit of the quotient of their derivatives.

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{2 x^{3} - (3 x + 1) \sqrt{x} + 2}{x - 1} = lim_{x \to 1} \frac{\frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{3} - (3 x + 1) \sqrt{x} + 2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3

Find the derivative of the numerator and denominator.

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Step 3.1

Differentiate the numerator and denominator.

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{\frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{3} - (3 x + 1) \sqrt{x} + 2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.2

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $2 x^{3} - (3 x + 1) \sqrt{x} + 2$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [- (3 x + 1) \sqrt{x}] + \frac{d}{d x} [2]$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{\frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [- (3 x + 1) \sqrt{x}] + \frac{d}{d x} [2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.3

Evaluate $\frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{3}]$ .

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Step 3.3.1

Since $2$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $2 x^{3}$ with respect to $x$ is $2 \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}]$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{2 \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [- (3 x + 1) \sqrt{x}] + \frac{d}{d x} [2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.3.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 3$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{2 (3 x^{2}) + \frac{d}{d x} [- (3 x + 1) \sqrt{x}] + \frac{d}{d x} [2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.3.3

Multiply $3$ by $2$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} + \frac{d}{d x} [- (3 x + 1) \sqrt{x}] + \frac{d}{d x} [2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.4

Evaluate $\frac{d}{d x} [- (3 x + 1) \sqrt{x}]$ .

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Step 3.4.1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt{x}$ as $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} + \frac{d}{d x} [- (3 x + 1) x^{\frac{1}{2}}] + \frac{d}{d x} [2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.4.2

Since $- 1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $- (3 x + 1) x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ with respect to $x$ is $- \frac{d}{d x} [(3 x + 1) x^{\frac{1}{2}}]$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - \frac{d}{d x} [(3 x + 1) x^{\frac{1}{2}}] + \frac{d}{d x} [2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.4.3

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = 3 x + 1$ and $g (x) = x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - ((3 x + 1) \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}] + x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [3 x + 1]) + \frac{d}{d x} [2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.4.4

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{1}{2}$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - ((3 x + 1) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1}) + x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [3 x + 1]) + \frac{d}{d x} [2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.4.5

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $3 x + 1$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [3 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [1]$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - ((3 x + 1) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1}) + x^{\frac{1}{2}} (\frac{d}{d x} [3 x] + \frac{d}{d x} [1])) + \frac{d}{d x} [2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.4.6

Since $3$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $3 x$ with respect to $x$ is $3 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - ((3 x + 1) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1}) + x^{\frac{1}{2}} (3 \frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [1])) + \frac{d}{d x} [2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.4.7

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - ((3 x + 1) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1}) + x^{\frac{1}{2}} (3 \cdot 1 + \frac{d}{d x} [1])) + \frac{d}{d x} [2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.4.8

Since $1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $1$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - ((3 x + 1) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1}) + x^{\frac{1}{2}} (3 \cdot 1 + 0)) + \frac{d}{d x} [2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.4.9

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - ((3 x + 1) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{2}{2}}) + x^{\frac{1}{2}} (3 \cdot 1 + 0)) + \frac{d}{d x} [2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.4.10

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - ((3 x + 1) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 2}{2}}) + x^{\frac{1}{2}} (3 \cdot 1 + 0)) + \frac{d}{d x} [2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.4.11

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - ((3 x + 1) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1 - 1 \cdot 2}{2}}) + x^{\frac{1}{2}} (3 \cdot 1 + 0)) + \frac{d}{d x} [2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.4.12

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 3.4.12.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - ((3 x + 1) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1 - 2}{2}}) + x^{\frac{1}{2}} (3 \cdot 1 + 0)) + \frac{d}{d x} [2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.4.12.2

Subtract $2$ from $1$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - ((3 x + 1) (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{- 1}{2}}) + x^{\frac{1}{2}} (3 \cdot 1 + 0)) + \frac{d}{d x} [2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.4.13

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - ((3 x + 1) (\frac{1}{2} x^{- \frac{1}{2}}) + x^{\frac{1}{2}} (3 \cdot 1 + 0)) + \frac{d}{d x} [2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.4.14

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - ((3 x + 1) \frac{x^{- \frac{1}{2}}}{2} + x^{\frac{1}{2}} (3 \cdot 1 + 0)) + \frac{d}{d x} [2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.4.15

Move $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - ((3 x + 1) \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + x^{\frac{1}{2}} (3 \cdot 1 + 0)) + \frac{d}{d x} [2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.4.16

Multiply $3$ by $1$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - ((3 x + 1) \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + x^{\frac{1}{2}} (3 + 0)) + \frac{d}{d x} [2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.4.17

Add $3$ and $0$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - ((3 x + 1) \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + x^{\frac{1}{2}} \cdot 3) + \frac{d}{d x} [2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.4.18

Move $3$ to the left of $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - ((3 x + 1) \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + 3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}) + \frac{d}{d x} [2]}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.5

Since $2$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $2$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - ((3 x + 1) \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + 3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}) + 0}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.6

Simplify.

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Step 3.6.1

Apply the distributive property.

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - (3 x \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + 1 \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + 3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}) + 0}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.6.2

Apply the distributive property.

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - (3 x \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}) - (1 \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}) - (3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}) + 0}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.6.3

Combine terms.

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Step 3.6.3.1

Combine $3$ and $\frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - (x \frac{3}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}) - (1 \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}) - (3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}) + 0}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.6.3.2

Combine $x$ and $\frac{3}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - \frac{x \cdot 3}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - (1 \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}) - (3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}) + 0}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.6.3.3

Move $3$ to the left of $x$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - \frac{3 \cdot x}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - (1 \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}) - (3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}) + 0}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.6.3.4

Multiply $3$ by $x$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - \frac{3 x}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - (1 \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}) - (3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}) + 0}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.6.3.5

Move $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ to the numerator using the negative exponent rule $\frac{1}{b^{n}} = b^{- n}$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - \frac{3 x \cdot x^{- \frac{1}{2}}}{2} - (1 \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}) - (3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}) + 0}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.6.3.6

Multiply $x$ by $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 3.6.3.6.1

Move $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - \frac{3 (x^{- \frac{1}{2}} x)}{2} - (1 \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}) - (3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}) + 0}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.6.3.6.2

Multiply $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ by $x$ .

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Step 3.6.3.6.2.1

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - \frac{3 (x^{- \frac{1}{2}} x^{1})}{2} - (1 \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}) - (3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}) + 0}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.6.3.6.2.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - \frac{3 x^{- \frac{1}{2} + 1}}{2} - (1 \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}) - (3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}) + 0}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.6.3.6.3

Write $1$ as a fraction with a common denominator.

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - \frac{3 x^{- \frac{1}{2} + \frac{2}{2}}}{2} - (1 \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}) - (3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}) + 0}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.6.3.6.4

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - \frac{3 x^{\frac{- 1 + 2}{2}}}{2} - (1 \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}) - (3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}) + 0}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.6.3.6.5

Add $- 1$ and $2$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - \frac{3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2} - (1 \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}) - (3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}) + 0}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.6.3.7

Multiply $\frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ by $1$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - \frac{3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2} - \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - (3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}) + 0}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.6.3.8

Multiply $3$ by $- 1$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - \frac{3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2} - \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - 3 x^{\frac{1}{2}} + 0}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.6.3.9

To write $- 3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - \frac{3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2} - 3 x^{\frac{1}{2}} \cdot \frac{2}{2} - \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + 0}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.6.3.10

Combine $- 3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - \frac{3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2} + \frac{- 3 x^{\frac{1}{2}} \cdot 2}{2} - \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + 0}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.6.3.11

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} + \frac{- 3 x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 3 x^{\frac{1}{2}} \cdot 2}{2} - \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + 0}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.6.3.12

Multiply $2$ by $- 3$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} + \frac{- 3 x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 6 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2} - \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + 0}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.6.3.13

Subtract $6 x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ from $- 3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} + \frac{- 9 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2} - \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + 0}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.6.3.14

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - \frac{9 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2} - \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + 0}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.6.3.15

Add $6 x^{2} - \frac{9 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2} - \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ and $0$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - \frac{9 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2} - \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{\frac{d}{d x} [x - 1]}$

Step 3.7

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $x - 1$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 1]$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - \frac{9 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2} - \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{\frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 1]}$

Step 3.8

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - \frac{9 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2} - \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{1 + \frac{d}{d x} [- 1]}$

Step 3.9

Since $- 1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $- 1$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - \frac{9 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2} - \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{1 + 0}$

Step 3.10

Add $1$ and $0$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - \frac{9 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2} - \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{1}$

Step 4

Convert fractional exponents to radicals.

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Step 4.1

Rewrite $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ as $\sqrt{x}$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - \frac{9 \sqrt{x}}{2} - \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}}{1}$

Step 4.2

Rewrite $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ as $\sqrt{x}$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} - \frac{9 \sqrt{x}}{2} - \frac{1}{2 \sqrt{x}}}{1}$

Step 5

Combine terms.

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Step 5.1

To write $6 x^{2}$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{6 x^{2} \cdot \frac{2}{2} - \frac{9 \sqrt{x}}{2} - \frac{1}{2 \sqrt{x}}}{1}$

Step 5.2

Combine $6 x^{2}$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{\frac{6 x^{2} \cdot 2}{2} - \frac{9 \sqrt{x}}{2} - \frac{1}{2 \sqrt{x}}}{1}$

Step 5.3

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{\frac{6 x^{2} \cdot 2 - 9 \sqrt{x}}{2} - \frac{1}{2 \sqrt{x}}}{1}$

Step 5.4

To write $\frac{6 x^{2} \cdot 2 - 9 \sqrt{x}}{2}$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}}$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{\frac{6 x^{2} \cdot 2 - 9 \sqrt{x}}{2} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}} - \frac{1}{2 \sqrt{x}}}{1}$

Step 5.5

Multiply $\frac{6 x^{2} \cdot 2 - 9 \sqrt{x}}{2}$ by $\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}}$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{\frac{(6 x^{2} \cdot 2 - 9 \sqrt{x}) \sqrt{x}}{2 \sqrt{x}} - \frac{1}{2 \sqrt{x}}}{1}$

Step 5.6

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{\frac{(6 x^{2} \cdot 2 - 9 \sqrt{x}) \sqrt{x} - 1}{2 \sqrt{x}}}{1}$

Step 6

Divide $\frac{(6 x^{2} \cdot 2 - 9 \sqrt{x}) \sqrt{x} - 1}{2 \sqrt{x}}$ by $1$ .

$lim_{x \to 1} \frac{(6 x^{2} \cdot 2 - 9 \sqrt{x}) \sqrt{x} - 1}{2 \sqrt{x}}$

Step 7

Move the term $\frac{1}{2}$ outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to $x$ .

$\frac{1}{2} lim_{x \to 1} \frac{(6 x^{2} \cdot 2 - 9 \sqrt{x}) \sqrt{x} - 1}{\sqrt{x}}$

Step 8

Split the limit using the Limits Quotient Rule on the limit as $x$ approaches $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{lim_{x \to 1} (6 x^{2} \cdot 2 - 9 \sqrt{x}) \sqrt{x} - 1}{lim_{x \to 1} \sqrt{x}}$

Step 9

Split the limit using the Sum of Limits Rule on the limit as $x$ approaches $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{lim_{x \to 1} (6 x^{2} \cdot 2 - 9 \sqrt{x}) \sqrt{x} - lim_{x \to 1} 1}{lim_{x \to 1} \sqrt{x}}$

Step 10

Split the limit using the Product of Limits Rule on the limit as $x$ approaches $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{lim_{x \to 1} 6 x^{2} \cdot 2 - 9 \sqrt{x} \cdot lim_{x \to 1} \sqrt{x} - lim_{x \to 1} 1}{lim_{x \to 1} \sqrt{x}}$

Step 11

Split the limit using the Sum of Limits Rule on the limit as $x$ approaches $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{(lim_{x \to 1} 6 x^{2} \cdot 2 - lim_{x \to 1} 9 \sqrt{x}) \cdot lim_{x \to 1} \sqrt{x} - lim_{x \to 1} 1}{lim_{x \to 1} \sqrt{x}}$

Step 12

Move the term $6 \cdot 2$ outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to $x$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{(6 \cdot 2 lim_{x \to 1} x^{2} - lim_{x \to 1} 9 \sqrt{x}) \cdot lim_{x \to 1} \sqrt{x} - lim_{x \to 1} 1}{lim_{x \to 1} \sqrt{x}}$

Step 13

Move the exponent $2$ from $x^{2}$ outside the limit using the Limits Power Rule.

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{(6 \cdot 2 {(lim_{x \to 1} x)}^{2} - lim_{x \to 1} 9 \sqrt{x}) \cdot lim_{x \to 1} \sqrt{x} - lim_{x \to 1} 1}{lim_{x \to 1} \sqrt{x}}$

Step 14

Move the term $9$ outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to $x$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{(6 \cdot 2 {(lim_{x \to 1} x)}^{2} - 9 lim_{x \to 1} \sqrt{x}) \cdot lim_{x \to 1} \sqrt{x} - lim_{x \to 1} 1}{lim_{x \to 1} \sqrt{x}}$

Step 15

Move the limit under the radical sign.

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{(6 \cdot 2 {(lim_{x \to 1} x)}^{2} - 9 \sqrt{lim_{x \to 1} x}) \cdot lim_{x \to 1} \sqrt{x} - lim_{x \to 1} 1}{lim_{x \to 1} \sqrt{x}}$

Step 16

Move the limit under the radical sign.

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{(6 \cdot 2 {(lim_{x \to 1} x)}^{2} - 9 \sqrt{lim_{x \to 1} x}) \cdot \sqrt{lim_{x \to 1} x} - lim_{x \to 1} 1}{lim_{x \to 1} \sqrt{x}}$

Step 17

Evaluate the limit of $1$ which is constant as $x$ approaches $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{(6 \cdot 2 {(lim_{x \to 1} x)}^{2} - 9 \sqrt{lim_{x \to 1} x}) \cdot \sqrt{lim_{x \to 1} x} - 1 \cdot 1}{lim_{x \to 1} \sqrt{x}}$

Step 18

Move the limit under the radical sign.

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{(6 \cdot 2 {(lim_{x \to 1} x)}^{2} - 9 \sqrt{lim_{x \to 1} x}) \cdot \sqrt{lim_{x \to 1} x} - 1 \cdot 1}{\sqrt{lim_{x \to 1} x}}$

Step 19

Evaluate the limits by plugging in $1$ for all occurrences of $x$ .

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Step 19.1

Evaluate the limit of $x$ by plugging in $1$ for $x$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{(6 \cdot 2 \cdot 1^{2} - 9 \sqrt{lim_{x \to 1} x}) \cdot \sqrt{lim_{x \to 1} x} - 1 \cdot 1}{\sqrt{lim_{x \to 1} x}}$

Step 19.2

Evaluate the limit of $x$ by plugging in $1$ for $x$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{(6 \cdot 2 \cdot 1^{2} - 9 \sqrt{1}) \cdot \sqrt{lim_{x \to 1} x} - 1 \cdot 1}{\sqrt{lim_{x \to 1} x}}$

Step 19.3

Evaluate the limit of $x$ by plugging in $1$ for $x$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{(6 \cdot 2 \cdot 1^{2} - 9 \sqrt{1}) \cdot \sqrt{1} - 1 \cdot 1}{\sqrt{lim_{x \to 1} x}}$

Step 19.4

Evaluate the limit of $x$ by plugging in $1$ for $x$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{(6 \cdot 2 \cdot 1^{2} - 9 \sqrt{1}) \cdot \sqrt{1} - 1 \cdot 1}{\sqrt{1}}$

Step 20

Simplify the answer.

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Step 20.1

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 20.1.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 20.1.1.1

Multiply $6$ by $2$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{(12 \cdot 1^{2} - 9 \sqrt{1}) \cdot \sqrt{1} - 1 \cdot 1}{\sqrt{1}}$

Step 20.1.1.2

One to any power is one.

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{(12 \cdot 1 - 9 \sqrt{1}) \cdot \sqrt{1} - 1 \cdot 1}{\sqrt{1}}$

Step 20.1.1.3

Multiply $12$ by $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{(12 - 9 \sqrt{1}) \cdot \sqrt{1} - 1 \cdot 1}{\sqrt{1}}$

Step 20.1.1.4

Any root of $1$ is $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{(12 - 9 \cdot 1) \cdot \sqrt{1} - 1 \cdot 1}{\sqrt{1}}$

Step 20.1.1.5

Multiply $- 9$ by $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{(12 - 9) \cdot \sqrt{1} - 1 \cdot 1}{\sqrt{1}}$

Step 20.1.2

Subtract $9$ from $12$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{3 \cdot \sqrt{1} - 1 \cdot 1}{\sqrt{1}}$

Step 20.1.3

Any root of $1$ is $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{3 \cdot 1 - 1 \cdot 1}{\sqrt{1}}$

Step 20.1.4

Multiply $3$ by $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{3 - 1 \cdot 1}{\sqrt{1}}$

Step 20.1.5

Multiply $- 1$ by $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{3 - 1}{\sqrt{1}}$

Step 20.1.6

Subtract $1$ from $3$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{2}{\sqrt{1}}$

Step 20.2

Any root of $1$ is $1$ .

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{2}{1}$

Step 20.3

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 20.3.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{2}{1}$

Step 20.3.2

Rewrite the expression.

$1$