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Calculus Examples
Step 1
Step 1.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.2
Evaluate .
Step 1.2.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.2.2
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 1.2.2.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 1.2.2.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.2.2.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 1.2.3
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.2.4
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.2.5
Multiply by .
Step 1.2.6
Move to the left of .
Step 1.2.7
Multiply by .
Step 1.3
Evaluate .
Step 1.3.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.3.2
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 1.3.2.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 1.3.2.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.3.2.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 1.3.3
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 1.3.3.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 1.3.3.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.3.3.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 1.3.4
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.3.5
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.3.6
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.7
Move to the left of .
Step 1.3.8
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.9
Multiply by .
Step 1.4
Reorder terms.
Step 2
Step 2.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.2
Evaluate .
Step 2.2.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.2.2
Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that is where and .
Step 2.2.3
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 2.2.3.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 2.2.3.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.2.3.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 2.2.4
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.2.5
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.2.6
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 2.2.6.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 2.2.6.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.2.6.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 2.2.7
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 2.2.7.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 2.2.7.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.2.7.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 2.2.8
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.2.9
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.2.10
Multiply by .
Step 2.2.11
Multiply by .
Step 2.2.12
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.2.12.1
Move .
Step 2.2.12.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.2.12.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 2.2.12.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.2.12.3
Add and .
Step 2.2.13
Move to the left of .
Step 2.2.14
Multiply by .
Step 2.2.15
Move to the left of .
Step 2.2.16
Multiply by .
Step 2.2.17
Raise to the power of .
Step 2.2.18
Raise to the power of .
Step 2.2.19
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.2.20
Add and .
Step 2.3
Evaluate .
Step 2.3.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.3.2
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 2.3.2.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 2.3.2.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.3.2.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 2.3.3
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 2.3.3.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 2.3.3.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.3.3.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 2.3.4
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.3.5
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.3.6
Multiply by .
Step 2.3.7
Move to the left of .
Step 2.3.8
Multiply by .
Step 2.3.9
Raise to the power of .
Step 2.3.10
Raise to the power of .
Step 2.3.11
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.3.12
Add and .
Step 2.3.13
Multiply by .
Step 2.4
Simplify.
Step 2.4.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 2.4.2
Combine terms.
Step 2.4.2.1
Multiply by .
Step 2.4.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.4.3
Reorder terms.
Step 2.4.4
Simplify each term.
Step 2.4.4.1
Rewrite in terms of sines and cosines.
Step 2.4.4.2
Apply the product rule to .
Step 2.4.4.3
One to any power is one.
Step 2.4.4.4
Combine and .
Step 2.4.4.5
Rewrite in terms of sines and cosines.
Step 2.4.4.6
Combine.
Step 2.4.4.7
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.4.4.7.1
Multiply by .
Step 2.4.4.7.1.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 2.4.4.7.1.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.4.4.7.2
Add and .
Step 2.4.5
Simplify each term.
Step 2.4.5.1
Factor out of .
Step 2.4.5.2
Separate fractions.
Step 2.4.5.3
Convert from to .
Step 2.4.5.4
Multiply by .
Step 2.4.5.5
Separate fractions.
Step 2.4.5.6
Convert from to .
Step 2.4.5.7
Divide by .
Step 3
Step 3.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.2
Evaluate .
Step 3.2.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.2.2
Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that is where and .
Step 3.2.3
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 3.2.3.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 3.2.3.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.2.3.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 3.2.4
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.2.5
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.2.6
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 3.2.6.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 3.2.6.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.2.6.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 3.2.7
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 3.2.7.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 3.2.7.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.2.7.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 3.2.8
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.2.9
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.2.10
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.11
Move to the left of .
Step 3.2.12
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 3.2.12.1
Move .
Step 3.2.12.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.12.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.2.12.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.2.12.3
Add and .
Step 3.2.13
Move to the left of .
Step 3.2.14
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.15
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.16
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.17
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.2.18
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.2.19
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.2.20
Add and .
Step 3.3
Evaluate .
Step 3.3.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.3.2
Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that is where and .
Step 3.3.3
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 3.3.3.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 3.3.3.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.3.3.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 3.3.4
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.3.5
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.3.6
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 3.3.6.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 3.3.6.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.3.6.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 3.3.7
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 3.3.7.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 3.3.7.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.3.7.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 3.3.8
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.3.9
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.3.10
Multiply by .
Step 3.3.11
Move to the left of .
Step 3.3.12
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 3.3.12.1
Move .
Step 3.3.12.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.3.12.3
Add and .
Step 3.3.13
Move to the left of .
Step 3.3.14
Multiply by .
Step 3.3.15
Move to the left of .
Step 3.3.16
Multiply by .
Step 3.3.17
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.3.18
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.3.19
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.3.20
Add and .
Step 3.3.21
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.3.22
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.3.23
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.3.24
Add and .
Step 3.4
Evaluate .
Step 3.4.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.4.2
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 3.4.2.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 3.4.2.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.4.2.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 3.4.3
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 3.4.3.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 3.4.3.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.4.3.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 3.4.4
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.4.5
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.4.6
Multiply by .
Step 3.4.7
Move to the left of .
Step 3.4.8
Multiply by .
Step 3.4.9
Multiply by .
Step 3.5
Simplify.
Step 3.5.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 3.5.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 3.5.3
Combine terms.
Step 3.5.3.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.5.3.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.5.3.3
Multiply by .
Step 3.5.3.4
Multiply by .
Step 3.5.3.5
Reorder the factors of .
Step 3.5.3.6
Add and .
Step 3.5.4
Reorder terms.
Step 3.5.5
Simplify each term.
Step 3.5.5.1
Rewrite in terms of sines and cosines.
Step 3.5.5.2
Apply the product rule to .
Step 3.5.5.3
One to any power is one.
Step 3.5.5.4
Combine and .
Step 3.5.5.5
Rewrite in terms of sines and cosines.
Step 3.5.5.6
Apply the product rule to .
Step 3.5.5.7
Combine.
Step 3.5.5.8
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 3.5.5.8.1
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.5.5.8.2
Add and .
Step 3.5.5.9
Rewrite in terms of sines and cosines.
Step 3.5.5.10
Apply the product rule to .
Step 3.5.5.11
One to any power is one.
Step 3.5.5.12
Combine and .
Step 3.5.6
Simplify each term.
Step 3.5.6.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.5.6.2
Factor out of .
Step 3.5.6.3
Separate fractions.
Step 3.5.6.4
Convert from to .
Step 3.5.6.5
Multiply by .
Step 3.5.6.6
Multiply by .
Step 3.5.6.7
Separate fractions.
Step 3.5.6.8
Convert from to .
Step 3.5.6.9
Divide by .
Step 3.5.6.10
Multiply by .
Step 3.5.6.11
Separate fractions.
Step 3.5.6.12
Convert from to .
Step 3.5.6.13
Divide by .
Step 4
Step 4.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.2
Evaluate .
Step 4.2.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.2.2
Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that is where and .
Step 4.2.3
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 4.2.3.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 4.2.3.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.2.3.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 4.2.4
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.2.5
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 4.2.6
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 4.2.6.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 4.2.6.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 4.2.6.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 4.2.7
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 4.2.7.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 4.2.7.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.2.7.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 4.2.8
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.2.9
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 4.2.10
Multiply by .
Step 4.2.11
Multiply by .
Step 4.2.12
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 4.2.12.1
Move .
Step 4.2.12.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.2.12.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.2.12.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.2.12.3
Add and .
Step 4.2.13
Move to the left of .
Step 4.2.14
Multiply by .
Step 4.2.15
Move to the left of .
Step 4.2.16
Multiply by .
Step 4.2.17
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.2.18
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.2.19
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.2.20
Add and .
Step 4.3
Evaluate .
Step 4.3.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.3.2
Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that is where and .
Step 4.3.3
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 4.3.3.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 4.3.3.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 4.3.3.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 4.3.4
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 4.3.4.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 4.3.4.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.3.4.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 4.3.5
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.3.6
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 4.3.7
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 4.3.7.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 4.3.7.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 4.3.7.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 4.3.8
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 4.3.8.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 4.3.8.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.3.8.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 4.3.9
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.3.10
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 4.3.11
Multiply by .
Step 4.3.12
Move to the left of .
Step 4.3.13
Multiply by .
Step 4.3.14
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 4.3.14.1
Move .
Step 4.3.14.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.3.14.3
Add and .
Step 4.3.15
Move to the left of .
Step 4.3.16
Multiply by .
Step 4.3.17
Move to the left of .
Step 4.3.18
Multiply by .
Step 4.3.19
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.3.20
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.3.21
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.3.22
Add and .
Step 4.3.23
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 4.3.23.1
Move .
Step 4.3.23.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.3.23.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.3.23.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.3.23.3
Add and .
Step 4.3.24
Move to the left of .
Step 4.4
Evaluate .
Step 4.4.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.4.2
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 4.4.2.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 4.4.2.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 4.4.2.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 4.4.3
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 4.4.3.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 4.4.3.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.4.3.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 4.4.4
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.4.5
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 4.4.6
Multiply by .
Step 4.4.7
Multiply by .
Step 4.4.8
Multiply by .
Step 4.4.9
Multiply by .
Step 4.5
Evaluate .
Step 4.5.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.5.2
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 4.5.2.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 4.5.2.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 4.5.2.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 4.5.3
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 4.5.3.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 4.5.3.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.5.3.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 4.5.4
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.5.5
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 4.5.6
Multiply by .
Step 4.5.7
Move to the left of .
Step 4.5.8
Multiply by .
Step 4.5.9
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.5.10
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.5.11
Add and .
Step 4.5.12
Multiply by .
Step 4.6
Simplify.
Step 4.6.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 4.6.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 4.6.3
Combine terms.
Step 4.6.3.1
Multiply by .
Step 4.6.3.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.6.3.3
Multiply by .
Step 4.6.3.4
Multiply by .
Step 4.6.3.5
Reorder the factors of .
Step 4.6.3.6
Add and .
Step 4.6.3.7
Add and .
Step 4.6.4
Reorder terms.
Step 4.6.5
Simplify each term.
Step 4.6.5.1
Rewrite in terms of sines and cosines.
Step 4.6.5.2
Apply the product rule to .
Step 4.6.5.3
One to any power is one.
Step 4.6.5.4
Combine and .
Step 4.6.5.5
Rewrite in terms of sines and cosines.
Step 4.6.5.6
Combine.
Step 4.6.5.7
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 4.6.5.7.1
Multiply by .
Step 4.6.5.7.1.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.6.5.7.1.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.6.5.7.2
Add and .
Step 4.6.5.8
Rewrite in terms of sines and cosines.
Step 4.6.5.9
Apply the product rule to .
Step 4.6.5.10
Combine and .
Step 4.6.5.11
Rewrite in terms of sines and cosines.
Step 4.6.5.12
Apply the product rule to .
Step 4.6.5.13
Combine.
Step 4.6.5.14
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 4.6.5.14.1
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.6.5.14.2
Add and .
Step 4.6.5.15
Simplify the numerator.
Step 4.6.5.15.1
One to any power is one.
Step 4.6.5.15.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.6.6
Simplify each term.
Step 4.6.6.1
Factor out of .
Step 4.6.6.2
Separate fractions.
Step 4.6.6.3
Convert from to .
Step 4.6.6.4
Multiply by .
Step 4.6.6.5
Separate fractions.
Step 4.6.6.6
Convert from to .
Step 4.6.6.7
Divide by .
Step 4.6.6.8
Multiply by .
Step 4.6.6.9
Factor out of .
Step 4.6.6.10
Separate fractions.
Step 4.6.6.11
Convert from to .
Step 4.6.6.12
Multiply by .
Step 4.6.6.13
Multiply by .
Step 4.6.6.14
Separate fractions.
Step 4.6.6.15
Convert from to .
Step 4.6.6.16
Divide by .