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Calculus Examples
Step 1
Step 1.1
Find the first derivative.
Step 1.1.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.1.2
Evaluate .
Step 1.1.2.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.1.2.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.1.2.3
Multiply by .
Step 1.1.3
Evaluate .
Step 1.1.3.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.1.3.2
Rewrite as .
Step 1.1.3.3
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.1.3.4
Multiply by .
Step 1.1.4
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.1.5
Simplify.
Step 1.1.5.1
Rewrite the expression using the negative exponent rule .
Step 1.1.5.2
Combine terms.
Step 1.1.5.2.1
Combine and .
Step 1.1.5.2.2
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 1.1.5.2.3
Add and .
Step 1.2
Find the second derivative.
Step 1.2.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.2.2
Evaluate .
Step 1.2.2.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.2.2.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.2.2.3
Multiply by .
Step 1.2.3
Evaluate .
Step 1.2.3.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.2.3.2
Rewrite as .
Step 1.2.3.3
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 1.2.3.3.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 1.2.3.3.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.2.3.3.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 1.2.3.4
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.2.3.5
Multiply the exponents in .
Step 1.2.3.5.1
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 1.2.3.5.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.2.3.6
Multiply by .
Step 1.2.3.7
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.2.3.8
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.2.3.9
Subtract from .
Step 1.2.3.10
Multiply by .
Step 1.2.4
Simplify.
Step 1.2.4.1
Rewrite the expression using the negative exponent rule .
Step 1.2.4.2
Combine and .
Step 1.2.4.3
Reorder terms.
Step 1.3
The second derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2
Step 2.1
Set the second derivative equal to .
Step 2.2
Subtract from both sides of the equation.
Step 2.3
Find the LCD of the terms in the equation.
Step 2.3.1
Finding the LCD of a list of values is the same as finding the LCM of the denominators of those values.
Step 2.3.2
The LCM of one and any expression is the expression.
Step 2.4
Multiply each term in by to eliminate the fractions.
Step 2.4.1
Multiply each term in by .
Step 2.4.2
Simplify the left side.
Step 2.4.2.1
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 2.4.2.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 2.4.2.1.2
Rewrite the expression.
Step 2.5
Solve the equation.
Step 2.5.1
Rewrite the equation as .
Step 2.5.2
Subtract from both sides of the equation.
Step 2.5.3
Factor out of .
Step 2.5.3.1
Factor out of .
Step 2.5.3.2
Factor out of .
Step 2.5.3.3
Factor out of .
Step 2.5.4
Divide each term in by and simplify.
Step 2.5.4.1
Divide each term in by .
Step 2.5.4.2
Simplify the left side.
Step 2.5.4.2.1
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 2.5.4.2.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 2.5.4.2.1.2
Divide by .
Step 2.5.4.3
Simplify the right side.
Step 2.5.4.3.1
Divide by .
Step 2.5.5
Subtract from both sides of the equation.
Step 2.5.6
Divide each term in by and simplify.
Step 2.5.6.1
Divide each term in by .
Step 2.5.6.2
Simplify the left side.
Step 2.5.6.2.1
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 2.5.6.2.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 2.5.6.2.1.2
Divide by .
Step 2.5.6.3
Simplify the right side.
Step 2.5.6.3.1
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 2.5.7
Take the specified root of both sides of the equation to eliminate the exponent on the left side.
Step 2.5.8
Simplify .
Step 2.5.8.1
Rewrite as .
Step 2.5.8.1.1
Rewrite as .
Step 2.5.8.1.2
Factor the perfect power out of .
Step 2.5.8.1.3
Factor the perfect power out of .
Step 2.5.8.1.4
Rearrange the fraction .
Step 2.5.8.1.5
Rewrite as .
Step 2.5.8.2
Pull terms out from under the radical.
Step 2.5.8.3
Rewrite as .
Step 2.5.8.4
Any root of is .
Step 2.5.8.5
Multiply by .
Step 2.5.8.6
Combine and simplify the denominator.
Step 2.5.8.6.1
Multiply by .
Step 2.5.8.6.2
Raise to the power of .
Step 2.5.8.6.3
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.5.8.6.4
Add and .
Step 2.5.8.6.5
Rewrite as .
Step 2.5.8.6.5.1
Use to rewrite as .
Step 2.5.8.6.5.2
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 2.5.8.6.5.3
Combine and .
Step 2.5.8.6.5.4
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 2.5.8.6.5.4.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 2.5.8.6.5.4.2
Rewrite the expression.
Step 2.5.8.6.5.5
Evaluate the exponent.
Step 2.5.8.7
Simplify the numerator.
Step 2.5.8.7.1
Rewrite as .
Step 2.5.8.7.2
Raise to the power of .
Step 2.5.8.7.3
Rewrite as .
Step 2.5.8.7.3.1
Factor out of .
Step 2.5.8.7.3.2
Rewrite as .
Step 2.5.8.7.4
Pull terms out from under the radical.
Step 2.5.8.8
Simplify terms.
Step 2.5.8.8.1
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 2.5.8.8.1.1
Move the leading negative in into the numerator.
Step 2.5.8.8.1.2
Factor out of .
Step 2.5.8.8.1.3
Cancel the common factor.
Step 2.5.8.8.1.4
Rewrite the expression.
Step 2.5.8.8.2
Combine and .
Step 2.5.8.8.3
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 3
Step 3.1
Substitute in to find the value of .
Step 3.1.1
Replace the variable with in the expression.
Step 3.1.2
Simplify the result.
Step 3.1.2.1
Simplify each term.
Step 3.1.2.1.1
Use the power rule to distribute the exponent.
Step 3.1.2.1.1.1
Apply the product rule to .
Step 3.1.2.1.1.2
Apply the product rule to .
Step 3.1.2.1.1.3
Apply the product rule to .
Step 3.1.2.1.2
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.1.2.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 3.1.2.1.4
Simplify the numerator.
Step 3.1.2.1.4.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.1.2.1.4.2
Rewrite as .
Step 3.1.2.1.4.3
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.1.2.1.5
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.1.2.1.6
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 3.1.2.1.6.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.1.2.1.6.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 3.1.2.1.6.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 3.1.2.1.7
Multiply by .
Step 3.1.2.1.8
Multiply the numerator by the reciprocal of the denominator.
Step 3.1.2.1.9
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 3.1.2.1.9.1
Move the leading negative in into the numerator.
Step 3.1.2.1.9.2
Factor out of .
Step 3.1.2.1.9.3
Factor out of .
Step 3.1.2.1.9.4
Cancel the common factor.
Step 3.1.2.1.9.5
Rewrite the expression.
Step 3.1.2.1.10
Combine and .
Step 3.1.2.1.11
Multiply by .
Step 3.1.2.1.12
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 3.1.2.1.13
Multiply by .
Step 3.1.2.1.14
Combine and simplify the denominator.
Step 3.1.2.1.14.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.1.2.1.14.2
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.1.2.1.14.3
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.1.2.1.14.4
Add and .
Step 3.1.2.1.14.5
Rewrite as .
Step 3.1.2.1.14.5.1
Use to rewrite as .
Step 3.1.2.1.14.5.2
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 3.1.2.1.14.5.3
Combine and .
Step 3.1.2.1.14.5.4
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 3.1.2.1.14.5.4.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 3.1.2.1.14.5.4.2
Rewrite the expression.
Step 3.1.2.1.14.5.5
Evaluate the exponent.
Step 3.1.2.1.15
Cancel the common factor of and .
Step 3.1.2.1.15.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.1.2.1.15.2
Cancel the common factors.
Step 3.1.2.1.15.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.1.2.1.15.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 3.1.2.1.15.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 3.1.2.1.15.2.4
Divide by .
Step 3.1.2.1.16
Rewrite as .
Step 3.1.2.1.17
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.1.2.1.18
Multiply by .
Step 3.1.2.2
Simplify by adding terms.
Step 3.1.2.2.1
Subtract from .
Step 3.1.2.2.2
Add and .
Step 3.1.2.3
The final answer is .
Step 3.2
The point found by substituting in is . This point can be an inflection point.
Step 4
Split into intervals around the points that could potentially be inflection points.
Step 5
Step 5.1
Replace the variable with in the expression.
Step 5.2
Simplify the result.
Step 5.2.1
Simplify each term.
Step 5.2.1.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 5.2.1.2
Divide by .
Step 5.2.2
Add and .
Step 5.2.3
The final answer is .
Step 5.3
At , the second derivative is . Since this is positive, the second derivative is increasing on the interval .
Increasing on since
Increasing on since
Step 6
Step 6.1
Replace the variable with in the expression.
Step 6.2
Simplify the result.
Step 6.2.1
Simplify each term.
Step 6.2.1.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 6.2.1.2
Divide by .
Step 6.2.2
Add and .
Step 6.2.3
The final answer is .
Step 6.3
At , the second derivative is . Since this is negative, the second derivative is decreasing on the interval
Decreasing on since
Decreasing on since
Step 7
An inflection point is a point on a curve at which the concavity changes sign from plus to minus or from minus to plus. The inflection point in this case is .
Step 8