Enter a problem...
Calculus Examples
Step 1
Step 1.1
Take the limit of the numerator and the limit of the denominator.
Step 1.2
Evaluate the limit of the numerator.
Step 1.2.1
Evaluate the limit.
Step 1.2.1.1
Move the exponent from outside the limit using the Limits Power Rule.
Step 1.2.1.2
Move the limit inside the trig function because sine is continuous.
Step 1.2.2
Evaluate the limit of by plugging in for .
Step 1.2.3
Simplify the answer.
Step 1.2.3.1
The exact value of is .
Step 1.2.3.2
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 1.3
Evaluate the limit of the denominator.
Step 1.3.1
Evaluate the limit.
Step 1.3.1.1
Move the limit inside the trig function because sine is continuous.
Step 1.3.1.2
Move the exponent from outside the limit using the Limits Power Rule.
Step 1.3.2
Evaluate the limit of by plugging in for .
Step 1.3.3
Simplify the answer.
Step 1.3.3.1
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 1.3.3.2
The exact value of is .
Step 1.3.3.3
The expression contains a division by . The expression is undefined.
Undefined
Step 1.3.4
The expression contains a division by . The expression is undefined.
Undefined
Step 1.4
The expression contains a division by . The expression is undefined.
Undefined
Step 2
Since is of indeterminate form, apply L'Hospital's Rule. L'Hospital's Rule states that the limit of a quotient of functions is equal to the limit of the quotient of their derivatives.
Step 3
Step 3.1
Differentiate the numerator and denominator.
Step 3.2
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 3.2.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 3.2.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.2.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 3.3
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.4
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 3.4.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 3.4.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.4.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 3.5
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.6
Reorder the factors of .
Step 4
Step 4.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 4.2
Rewrite the expression.
Step 5
Step 5.1
Evaluate the limit of the numerator and the limit of the denominator.
Step 5.1.1
Take the limit of the numerator and the limit of the denominator.
Step 5.1.2
Evaluate the limit of the numerator.
Step 5.1.2.1
Split the limit using the Product of Limits Rule on the limit as approaches .
Step 5.1.2.2
Move the exponent from outside the limit using the Limits Power Rule.
Step 5.1.2.3
Move the limit inside the trig function because sine is continuous.
Step 5.1.2.4
Move the limit inside the trig function because cosine is continuous.
Step 5.1.2.5
Evaluate the limits by plugging in for all occurrences of .
Step 5.1.2.5.1
Evaluate the limit of by plugging in for .
Step 5.1.2.5.2
Evaluate the limit of by plugging in for .
Step 5.1.2.6
Simplify the answer.
Step 5.1.2.6.1
The exact value of is .
Step 5.1.2.6.2
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 5.1.2.6.3
The exact value of is .
Step 5.1.2.6.4
Multiply by .
Step 5.1.3
Evaluate the limit of the denominator.
Step 5.1.3.1
Split the limit using the Product of Limits Rule on the limit as approaches .
Step 5.1.3.2
Move the exponent from outside the limit using the Limits Power Rule.
Step 5.1.3.3
Move the limit inside the trig function because cosine is continuous.
Step 5.1.3.4
Move the exponent from outside the limit using the Limits Power Rule.
Step 5.1.3.5
Evaluate the limits by plugging in for all occurrences of .
Step 5.1.3.5.1
Evaluate the limit of by plugging in for .
Step 5.1.3.5.2
Evaluate the limit of by plugging in for .
Step 5.1.3.6
Simplify the answer.
Step 5.1.3.6.1
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 5.1.3.6.2
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 5.1.3.6.3
The exact value of is .
Step 5.1.3.6.4
Multiply by .
Step 5.1.3.6.5
The expression contains a division by . The expression is undefined.
Undefined
Step 5.1.3.7
The expression contains a division by . The expression is undefined.
Undefined
Step 5.1.4
The expression contains a division by . The expression is undefined.
Undefined
Step 5.2
Since is of indeterminate form, apply L'Hospital's Rule. L'Hospital's Rule states that the limit of a quotient of functions is equal to the limit of the quotient of their derivatives.
Step 5.3
Find the derivative of the numerator and denominator.
Step 5.3.1
Differentiate the numerator and denominator.
Step 5.3.2
Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that is where and .
Step 5.3.3
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 5.3.4
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 5.3.4.1
Move .
Step 5.3.4.2
Multiply by .
Step 5.3.4.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 5.3.4.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 5.3.4.3
Add and .
Step 5.3.5
Move to the left of .
Step 5.3.6
Rewrite as .
Step 5.3.7
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 5.3.7.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 5.3.7.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 5.3.7.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 5.3.8
Move to the left of .
Step 5.3.9
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 5.3.10
Raise to the power of .
Step 5.3.11
Raise to the power of .
Step 5.3.12
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 5.3.13
Add and .
Step 5.3.14
Reorder terms.
Step 5.3.15
Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that is where and .
Step 5.3.16
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 5.3.16.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 5.3.16.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 5.3.16.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 5.3.17
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 5.3.18
Multiply by .
Step 5.3.19
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 5.3.19.1
Move .
Step 5.3.19.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 5.3.19.3
Add and .
Step 5.3.20
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 5.3.21
Reorder terms.
Step 6
Step 6.1
Evaluate the limit of the numerator and the limit of the denominator.
Step 6.1.1
Take the limit of the numerator and the limit of the denominator.
Step 6.1.2
Evaluate the limit of the numerator.
Step 6.1.2.1
Split the limit using the Sum of Limits Rule on the limit as approaches .
Step 6.1.2.2
Move the term outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to .
Step 6.1.2.3
Split the limit using the Product of Limits Rule on the limit as approaches .
Step 6.1.2.4
Move the exponent from outside the limit using the Limits Power Rule.
Step 6.1.2.5
Move the limit inside the trig function because cosine is continuous.
Step 6.1.2.6
Move the limit inside the trig function because sine is continuous.
Step 6.1.2.7
Move the exponent from outside the limit using the Limits Power Rule.
Step 6.1.2.8
Move the limit inside the trig function because sine is continuous.
Step 6.1.2.9
Evaluate the limits by plugging in for all occurrences of .
Step 6.1.2.9.1
Evaluate the limit of by plugging in for .
Step 6.1.2.9.2
Evaluate the limit of by plugging in for .
Step 6.1.2.9.3
Evaluate the limit of by plugging in for .
Step 6.1.2.10
Simplify the answer.
Step 6.1.2.10.1
Simplify each term.
Step 6.1.2.10.1.1
The exact value of is .
Step 6.1.2.10.1.2
One to any power is one.
Step 6.1.2.10.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 6.1.2.10.1.4
The exact value of is .
Step 6.1.2.10.1.5
Multiply by .
Step 6.1.2.10.1.6
The exact value of is .
Step 6.1.2.10.1.7
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 6.1.2.10.1.8
Multiply by .
Step 6.1.2.10.2
Add and .
Step 6.1.3
Evaluate the limit of the denominator.
Step 6.1.3.1
Split the limit using the Sum of Limits Rule on the limit as approaches .
Step 6.1.3.2
Move the term outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to .
Step 6.1.3.3
Split the limit using the Product of Limits Rule on the limit as approaches .
Step 6.1.3.4
Move the exponent from outside the limit using the Limits Power Rule.
Step 6.1.3.5
Move the limit inside the trig function because sine is continuous.
Step 6.1.3.6
Move the exponent from outside the limit using the Limits Power Rule.
Step 6.1.3.7
Move the term outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to .
Step 6.1.3.8
Split the limit using the Product of Limits Rule on the limit as approaches .
Step 6.1.3.9
Move the limit inside the trig function because cosine is continuous.
Step 6.1.3.10
Move the exponent from outside the limit using the Limits Power Rule.
Step 6.1.3.11
Evaluate the limits by plugging in for all occurrences of .
Step 6.1.3.11.1
Evaluate the limit of by plugging in for .
Step 6.1.3.11.2
Evaluate the limit of by plugging in for .
Step 6.1.3.11.3
Evaluate the limit of by plugging in for .
Step 6.1.3.11.4
Evaluate the limit of by plugging in for .
Step 6.1.3.12
Simplify the answer.
Step 6.1.3.12.1
Simplify each term.
Step 6.1.3.12.1.1
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 6.1.3.12.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 6.1.3.12.1.3
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 6.1.3.12.1.4
The exact value of is .
Step 6.1.3.12.1.5
Multiply by .
Step 6.1.3.12.1.6
Multiply by .
Step 6.1.3.12.1.7
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 6.1.3.12.1.8
The exact value of is .
Step 6.1.3.12.1.9
Multiply by .
Step 6.1.3.12.2
Add and .
Step 6.1.3.12.3
The expression contains a division by . The expression is undefined.
Undefined
Step 6.1.3.13
The expression contains a division by . The expression is undefined.
Undefined
Step 6.1.4
The expression contains a division by . The expression is undefined.
Undefined
Step 6.2
Since is of indeterminate form, apply L'Hospital's Rule. L'Hospital's Rule states that the limit of a quotient of functions is equal to the limit of the quotient of their derivatives.
Step 6.3
Find the derivative of the numerator and denominator.
Step 6.3.1
Differentiate the numerator and denominator.
Step 6.3.2
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 6.3.3
Evaluate .
Step 6.3.3.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 6.3.3.2
Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that is where and .
Step 6.3.3.3
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 6.3.3.4
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 6.3.3.4.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 6.3.3.4.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 6.3.3.4.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 6.3.3.5
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 6.3.3.6
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 6.3.3.6.1
Multiply by .
Step 6.3.3.6.1.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 6.3.3.6.1.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 6.3.3.6.2
Add and .
Step 6.3.3.7
Multiply by .
Step 6.3.3.8
Raise to the power of .
Step 6.3.3.9
Raise to the power of .
Step 6.3.3.10
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 6.3.3.11
Add and .
Step 6.3.4
Evaluate .
Step 6.3.4.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 6.3.4.2
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 6.3.4.2.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 6.3.4.2.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 6.3.4.2.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 6.3.4.3
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 6.3.4.4
Multiply by .
Step 6.3.5
Simplify.
Step 6.3.5.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 6.3.5.2
Combine terms.
Step 6.3.5.2.1
Multiply by .
Step 6.3.5.2.2
Reorder the factors of .
Step 6.3.5.2.3
Subtract from .
Step 6.3.5.3
Reorder terms.
Step 6.3.6
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 6.3.7
Evaluate .
Step 6.3.7.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 6.3.7.2
Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that is where and .
Step 6.3.7.3
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 6.3.7.3.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 6.3.7.3.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 6.3.7.3.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 6.3.7.4
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 6.3.7.5
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 6.3.7.6
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 6.3.7.6.1
Move .
Step 6.3.7.6.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 6.3.7.6.3
Add and .
Step 6.3.7.7
Move to the left of .
Step 6.3.8
Evaluate .
Step 6.3.8.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 6.3.8.2
Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that is where and .
Step 6.3.8.3
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 6.3.8.3.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 6.3.8.3.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 6.3.8.3.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 6.3.8.4
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 6.3.8.5
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 6.3.8.6
Multiply by .
Step 6.3.8.7
Raise to the power of .
Step 6.3.8.8
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 6.3.8.9
Add and .
Step 6.3.8.10
Multiply by .
Step 6.3.9
Simplify.
Step 6.3.9.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 6.3.9.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 6.3.9.3
Combine terms.
Step 6.3.9.3.1
Multiply by .
Step 6.3.9.3.2
Multiply by .
Step 6.3.9.3.3
Multiply by .
Step 6.3.9.3.4
Subtract from .
Step 6.3.9.3.4.1
Move .
Step 6.3.9.3.4.2
Subtract from .
Step 7
Step 7.1
Split the limit using the Limits Quotient Rule on the limit as approaches .
Step 7.2
Split the limit using the Sum of Limits Rule on the limit as approaches .
Step 7.3
Move the term outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to .
Step 7.4
Split the limit using the Product of Limits Rule on the limit as approaches .
Step 7.5
Move the exponent from outside the limit using the Limits Power Rule.
Step 7.6
Move the limit inside the trig function because sine is continuous.
Step 7.7
Move the limit inside the trig function because cosine is continuous.
Step 7.8
Move the term outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to .
Step 7.9
Move the exponent from outside the limit using the Limits Power Rule.
Step 7.10
Move the limit inside the trig function because cosine is continuous.
Step 7.11
Split the limit using the Sum of Limits Rule on the limit as approaches .
Step 7.12
Move the term outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to .
Step 7.13
Split the limit using the Product of Limits Rule on the limit as approaches .
Step 7.14
Move the exponent from outside the limit using the Limits Power Rule.
Step 7.15
Move the limit inside the trig function because cosine is continuous.
Step 7.16
Move the exponent from outside the limit using the Limits Power Rule.
Step 7.17
Move the term outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to .
Step 7.18
Split the limit using the Product of Limits Rule on the limit as approaches .
Step 7.19
Move the exponent from outside the limit using the Limits Power Rule.
Step 7.20
Move the limit inside the trig function because sine is continuous.
Step 7.21
Move the exponent from outside the limit using the Limits Power Rule.
Step 7.22
Move the term outside of the limit because it is constant with respect to .
Step 7.23
Move the limit inside the trig function because cosine is continuous.
Step 7.24
Move the exponent from outside the limit using the Limits Power Rule.
Step 8
Step 8.1
Evaluate the limit of by plugging in for .
Step 8.2
Evaluate the limit of by plugging in for .
Step 8.3
Evaluate the limit of by plugging in for .
Step 8.4
Evaluate the limit of by plugging in for .
Step 8.5
Evaluate the limit of by plugging in for .
Step 8.6
Evaluate the limit of by plugging in for .
Step 8.7
Evaluate the limit of by plugging in for .
Step 8.8
Evaluate the limit of by plugging in for .
Step 9
Step 9.1
Simplify the numerator.
Step 9.1.1
The exact value of is .
Step 9.1.2
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 9.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 9.1.4
The exact value of is .
Step 9.1.5
Multiply by .
Step 9.1.6
The exact value of is .
Step 9.1.7
One to any power is one.
Step 9.1.8
Multiply by .
Step 9.1.9
Add and .
Step 9.2
Simplify the denominator.
Step 9.2.1
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 9.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 9.2.3
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 9.2.4
The exact value of is .
Step 9.2.5
Multiply by .
Step 9.2.6
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 9.2.7
Multiply by .
Step 9.2.8
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 9.2.9
The exact value of is .
Step 9.2.10
Multiply by .
Step 9.2.11
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 9.2.12
The exact value of is .
Step 9.2.13
Multiply by .
Step 9.2.14
Add and .
Step 9.2.15
Add and .
Step 9.3
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 9.3.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 9.3.2
Rewrite the expression.