Calculus Examples

$y = (3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2) e^{4 x}$

Step 1

Find the first derivative.

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Step 1.1

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = 3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2$ and $g (x) = e^{4 x}$ .

$(3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2) \frac{d}{d x} [e^{4 x}] + e^{4 x} \frac{d}{d x} [3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2]$

Step 1.2

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = e^{x}$ and $g (x) = 4 x$ .

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Step 1.2.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u$ as $4 x$ .

$(3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2) (\frac{d}{d u} [e^{u}] \frac{d}{d x} [4 x]) + e^{4 x} \frac{d}{d x} [3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2]$

Step 1.2.2

Differentiate using the Exponential Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u} [a^{u}]$ is $a^{u} \ln (a)$ where $a$ = $e$ .

$(3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2) (e^{u} \frac{d}{d x} [4 x]) + e^{4 x} \frac{d}{d x} [3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2]$

Step 1.2.3

Replace all occurrences of $u$ with $4 x$ .

$(3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2) (e^{4 x} \frac{d}{d x} [4 x]) + e^{4 x} \frac{d}{d x} [3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2]$

Step 1.3

Differentiate.

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Step 1.3.1

Since $4$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $4 x$ with respect to $x$ is $4 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$(3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2) e^{4 x} (4 \frac{d}{d x} [x]) + e^{4 x} \frac{d}{d x} [3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2]$

Step 1.3.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$(3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2) e^{4 x} (4 \cdot 1) + e^{4 x} \frac{d}{d x} [3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2]$

Step 1.3.3

Simplify the expression.

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Step 1.3.3.1

Multiply $4$ by $1$ .

$(3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2) e^{4 x} \cdot 4 + e^{4 x} \frac{d}{d x} [3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2]$

Step 1.3.3.2

Move $4$ to the left of $(3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2) e^{4 x}$ .

$4 \cdot ((3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2) e^{4 x}) + e^{4 x} \frac{d}{d x} [3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2]$

Step 1.3.4

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [3 x^{4}] + \frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [2]$ .

$4 (3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2) e^{4 x} + e^{4 x} (\frac{d}{d x} [3 x^{4}] + \frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [2])$

Step 1.3.5

Since $3$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $3 x^{4}$ with respect to $x$ is $3 \frac{d}{d x} [x^{4}]$ .

$4 (3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2) e^{4 x} + e^{4 x} (3 \frac{d}{d x} [x^{4}] + \frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [2])$

Step 1.3.6

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 4$ .

$4 (3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2) e^{4 x} + e^{4 x} (3 (4 x^{3}) + \frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [2])$

Step 1.3.7

Multiply $4$ by $3$ .

$4 (3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2) e^{4 x} + e^{4 x} (12 x^{3} + \frac{d}{d x} [2 x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [2])$

Step 1.3.8

Since $2$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $2 x^{2}$ with respect to $x$ is $2 \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}]$ .

$4 (3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2) e^{4 x} + e^{4 x} (12 x^{3} + 2 \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [2])$

Step 1.3.9

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 2$ .

$4 (3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2) e^{4 x} + e^{4 x} (12 x^{3} + 2 (2 x) + \frac{d}{d x} [2])$

Step 1.3.10

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$4 (3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2) e^{4 x} + e^{4 x} (12 x^{3} + 4 x + \frac{d}{d x} [2])$

Step 1.3.11

Since $2$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $2$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$4 (3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2) e^{4 x} + e^{4 x} (12 x^{3} + 4 x + 0)$

Step 1.3.12

Add $12 x^{3} + 4 x$ and $0$ .

$4 (3 x^{4} + 2 x^{2} + 2) e^{4 x} + e^{4 x} (12 x^{3} + 4 x)$

Step 1.4

Simplify.

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Step 1.4.1

Apply the distributive property.

$(4 (3 x^{4}) + 4 (2 x^{2}) + 4 \cdot 2) e^{4 x} + e^{4 x} (12 x^{3} + 4 x)$

Step 1.4.2

Apply the distributive property.

$4 (3 x^{4}) e^{4 x} + 4 (2 x^{2}) e^{4 x} + 4 \cdot 2 e^{4 x} + e^{4 x} (12 x^{3} + 4 x)$

Step 1.4.3

Apply the distributive property.

$4 (3 x^{4}) e^{4 x} + 4 (2 x^{2}) e^{4 x} + 4 \cdot 2 e^{4 x} + e^{4 x} (12 x^{3}) + e^{4 x} (4 x)$

Step 1.4.4

Combine terms.

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Step 1.4.4.1

Multiply $3$ by $4$ .

$12 x^{4} e^{4 x} + 4 (2 x^{2}) e^{4 x} + 4 \cdot 2 e^{4 x} + e^{4 x} (12 x^{3}) + e^{4 x} (4 x)$

Step 1.4.4.2

Multiply $2$ by $4$ .

$12 x^{4} e^{4 x} + 8 x^{2} e^{4 x} + 4 \cdot 2 e^{4 x} + e^{4 x} (12 x^{3}) + e^{4 x} (4 x)$

Step 1.4.4.3

Multiply $4$ by $2$ .

$12 x^{4} e^{4 x} + 8 x^{2} e^{4 x} + 8 e^{4 x} + e^{4 x} (12 x^{3}) + e^{4 x} (4 x)$

Step 1.4.5

Reorder terms.

$f' (x) = 12 e^{4 x} x^{4} + 8 e^{4 x} x^{2} + 12 e^{4 x} x^{3} + 4 e^{4 x} x + 8 e^{4 x}$

Step 2

Find the second derivative.

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Step 2.1

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $12 e^{4 x} x^{4} + 8 e^{4 x} x^{2} + 12 e^{4 x} x^{3} + 4 e^{4 x} x + 8 e^{4 x}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{4}] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x} x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{4}] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x} x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.2

Evaluate $\frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{4}]$ .

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Step 2.2.1

Since $12$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $12 e^{4 x} x^{4}$ with respect to $x$ is $12 \frac{d}{d x} [e^{4 x} x^{4}]$ .

$12 \frac{d}{d x} [e^{4 x} x^{4}] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x} x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.2.2

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = e^{4 x}$ and $g (x) = x^{4}$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{4}] + x^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{4 x}]) + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x} x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.2.3

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 4$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{4 x}]) + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x} x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.2.4

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = e^{x}$ and $g (x) = 4 x$ .

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Step 2.2.4.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{1}$ as $4 x$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [e^{u_{1}}] \frac{d}{d x} [4 x])) + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x} x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.2.4.2

Differentiate using the Exponential Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [a^{u_{1}}]$ is $a^{u_{1}} \ln (a)$ where $a$ = $e$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (e^{u_{1}} \frac{d}{d x} [4 x])) + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x} x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.2.4.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{1}$ with $4 x$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (e^{4 x} \frac{d}{d x} [4 x])) + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x} x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.2.5

Since $4$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $4 x$ with respect to $x$ is $4 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (e^{4 x} (4 \frac{d}{d x} [x]))) + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x} x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.2.6

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (e^{4 x} (4 \cdot 1))) + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x} x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.2.7

Multiply $4$ by $1$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (e^{4 x} \cdot 4)) + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x} x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.2.8

Move $4$ to the left of $e^{4 x}$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x} x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.3

Evaluate $\frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x} x^{2}]$ .

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Step 2.3.1

Since $8$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $8 e^{4 x} x^{2}$ with respect to $x$ is $8 \frac{d}{d x} [e^{4 x} x^{2}]$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 \frac{d}{d x} [e^{4 x} x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.3.2

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = e^{4 x}$ and $g (x) = x^{2}$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}] + x^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{4 x}]) + \frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.3.3

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 2$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{4 x}]) + \frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.3.4

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = e^{x}$ and $g (x) = 4 x$ .

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Step 2.3.4.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{2}$ as $4 x$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (\frac{d}{d u_{2}} [e^{u_{2}}] \frac{d}{d x} [4 x])) + \frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.3.4.2

Differentiate using the Exponential Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u_{2}} [a^{u_{2}}]$ is $a^{u_{2}} \ln (a)$ where $a$ = $e$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (e^{u_{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [4 x])) + \frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.3.4.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{2}$ with $4 x$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (e^{4 x} \frac{d}{d x} [4 x])) + \frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.3.5

Since $4$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $4 x$ with respect to $x$ is $4 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (e^{4 x} (4 \frac{d}{d x} [x]))) + \frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.3.6

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (e^{4 x} (4 \cdot 1))) + \frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.3.7

Multiply $4$ by $1$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (e^{4 x} \cdot 4)) + \frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.3.8

Move $4$ to the left of $e^{4 x}$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + \frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.4

Evaluate $\frac{d}{d x} [12 e^{4 x} x^{3}]$ .

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Step 2.4.1

Since $12$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $12 e^{4 x} x^{3}$ with respect to $x$ is $12 \frac{d}{d x} [e^{4 x} x^{3}]$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 \frac{d}{d x} [e^{4 x} x^{3}] + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.4.2

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = e^{4 x}$ and $g (x) = x^{3}$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{3}] + x^{3} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{4 x}]) + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.4.3

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 3$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{4 x}]) + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.4.4

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = e^{x}$ and $g (x) = 4 x$ .

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Step 2.4.4.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{3}$ as $4 x$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (\frac{d}{d u_{3}} [e^{u_{3}}] \frac{d}{d x} [4 x])) + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.4.4.2

Differentiate using the Exponential Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u_{3}} [a^{u_{3}}]$ is $a^{u_{3}} \ln (a)$ where $a$ = $e$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (e^{u_{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [4 x])) + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.4.4.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{3}$ with $4 x$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (e^{4 x} \frac{d}{d x} [4 x])) + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.4.5

Since $4$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $4 x$ with respect to $x$ is $4 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (e^{4 x} (4 \frac{d}{d x} [x]))) + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.4.6

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (e^{4 x} (4 \cdot 1))) + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.4.7

Multiply $4$ by $1$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (e^{4 x} \cdot 4)) + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.4.8

Move $4$ to the left of $e^{4 x}$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + \frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.5

Evaluate $\frac{d}{d x} [4 e^{4 x} x]$ .

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Step 2.5.1

Since $4$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $4 e^{4 x} x$ with respect to $x$ is $4 \frac{d}{d x} [e^{4 x} x]$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 \frac{d}{d x} [e^{4 x} x] + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.5.2

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = e^{4 x}$ and $g (x) = x$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 (e^{4 x} \frac{d}{d x} [x] + x \frac{d}{d x} [e^{4 x}]) + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.5.3

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 (e^{4 x} \cdot 1 + x \frac{d}{d x} [e^{4 x}]) + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.5.4

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = e^{x}$ and $g (x) = 4 x$ .

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Step 2.5.4.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{4}$ as $4 x$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 (e^{4 x} \cdot 1 + x (\frac{d}{d u_{4}} [e^{u_{4}}] \frac{d}{d x} [4 x])) + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.5.4.2

Differentiate using the Exponential Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u_{4}} [a^{u_{4}}]$ is $a^{u_{4}} \ln (a)$ where $a$ = $e$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 (e^{4 x} \cdot 1 + x (e^{u_{4}} \frac{d}{d x} [4 x])) + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.5.4.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{4}$ with $4 x$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 (e^{4 x} \cdot 1 + x (e^{4 x} \frac{d}{d x} [4 x])) + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.5.5

Since $4$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $4 x$ with respect to $x$ is $4 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 (e^{4 x} \cdot 1 + x (e^{4 x} (4 \frac{d}{d x} [x]))) + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.5.6

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 (e^{4 x} \cdot 1 + x (e^{4 x} (4 \cdot 1))) + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.5.7

Multiply $e^{4 x}$ by $1$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 (e^{4 x} + x (e^{4 x} (4 \cdot 1))) + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.5.8

Multiply $4$ by $1$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 (e^{4 x} + x (e^{4 x} \cdot 4)) + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.5.9

Move $4$ to the left of $e^{4 x}$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 (e^{4 x} + x (4 e^{4 x})) + \frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.6

Evaluate $\frac{d}{d x} [8 e^{4 x}]$ .

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Step 2.6.1

Since $8$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $8 e^{4 x}$ with respect to $x$ is $8 \frac{d}{d x} [e^{4 x}]$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 (e^{4 x} + x (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 \frac{d}{d x} [e^{4 x}]$

Step 2.6.2

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = e^{x}$ and $g (x) = 4 x$ .

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Step 2.6.2.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{5}$ as $4 x$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 (e^{4 x} + x (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (\frac{d}{d u_{5}} [e^{u_{5}}] \frac{d}{d x} [4 x])$

Step 2.6.2.2

Differentiate using the Exponential Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u_{5}} [a^{u_{5}}]$ is $a^{u_{5}} \ln (a)$ where $a$ = $e$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 (e^{4 x} + x (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{u_{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [4 x])$

Step 2.6.2.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{5}$ with $4 x$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 (e^{4 x} + x (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} \frac{d}{d x} [4 x])$

Step 2.6.3

Since $4$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $4 x$ with respect to $x$ is $4 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 (e^{4 x} + x (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (4 \frac{d}{d x} [x]))$

Step 2.6.4

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 (e^{4 x} + x (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (4 \cdot 1))$

Step 2.6.5

Multiply $4$ by $1$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 (e^{4 x} + x (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} \cdot 4)$

Step 2.6.6

Move $4$ to the left of $e^{4 x}$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 (e^{4 x} + x (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (4 \cdot e^{4 x})$

Step 2.6.7

Multiply $4$ by $8$ .

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3}) + x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 (e^{4 x} + x (4 e^{4 x})) + 32 e^{4 x}$

Step 2.7

Simplify.

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Step 2.7.1

Apply the distributive property.

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3})) + 12 (x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x) + x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 (e^{4 x} + x (4 e^{4 x})) + 32 e^{4 x}$

Step 2.7.2

Apply the distributive property.

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3})) + 12 (x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x)) + 8 (x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2}) + x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 (e^{4 x} + x (4 e^{4 x})) + 32 e^{4 x}$

Step 2.7.3

Apply the distributive property.

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3})) + 12 (x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x)) + 8 (x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2})) + 12 (x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 (e^{4 x} + x (4 e^{4 x})) + 32 e^{4 x}$

Step 2.7.4

Apply the distributive property.

$12 (e^{4 x} (4 x^{3})) + 12 (x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x)) + 8 (x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2})) + 12 (x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 e^{4 x} + 4 (x (4 e^{4 x})) + 32 e^{4 x}$

Step 2.7.5

Combine terms.

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Step 2.7.5.1

Multiply $4$ by $12$ .

$48 (e^{4 x} (x^{3})) + 12 (x^{4} (4 e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x)) + 8 (x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2})) + 12 (x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 e^{4 x} + 4 (x (4 e^{4 x})) + 32 e^{4 x}$

Step 2.7.5.2

Multiply $4$ by $12$ .

$48 e^{4 x} x^{3} + 48 (x^{4} (e^{4 x})) + 8 (e^{4 x} (2 x)) + 8 (x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2})) + 12 (x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 e^{4 x} + 4 (x (4 e^{4 x})) + 32 e^{4 x}$

Step 2.7.5.3

Multiply $2$ by $8$ .

$48 e^{4 x} x^{3} + 48 x^{4} e^{4 x} + 16 (e^{4 x} (x)) + 8 (x^{2} (4 e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2})) + 12 (x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 e^{4 x} + 4 (x (4 e^{4 x})) + 32 e^{4 x}$

Step 2.7.5.4

Multiply $4$ by $8$ .

$48 e^{4 x} x^{3} + 48 x^{4} e^{4 x} + 16 e^{4 x} x + 32 (x^{2} (e^{4 x})) + 12 (e^{4 x} (3 x^{2})) + 12 (x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 e^{4 x} + 4 (x (4 e^{4 x})) + 32 e^{4 x}$

Step 2.7.5.5

Multiply $3$ by $12$ .

$48 e^{4 x} x^{3} + 48 x^{4} e^{4 x} + 16 e^{4 x} x + 32 x^{2} e^{4 x} + 36 (e^{4 x} (x^{2})) + 12 (x^{3} (4 e^{4 x})) + 4 e^{4 x} + 4 (x (4 e^{4 x})) + 32 e^{4 x}$

Step 2.7.5.6

Multiply $4$ by $12$ .

$48 e^{4 x} x^{3} + 48 x^{4} e^{4 x} + 16 e^{4 x} x + 32 x^{2} e^{4 x} + 36 e^{4 x} x^{2} + 48 (x^{3} (e^{4 x})) + 4 e^{4 x} + 4 (x (4 e^{4 x})) + 32 e^{4 x}$

Step 2.7.5.7

Add $32 x^{2} e^{4 x}$ and $36 e^{4 x} x^{2}$ .

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Step 2.7.5.7.1

Move $e^{4 x}$ .

$48 e^{4 x} x^{3} + 48 x^{4} e^{4 x} + 16 e^{4 x} x + 32 x^{2} e^{4 x} + 36 x^{2} e^{4 x} + 48 x^{3} e^{4 x} + 4 e^{4 x} + 4 (x (4 e^{4 x})) + 32 e^{4 x}$

Step 2.7.5.7.2

Add $32 x^{2} e^{4 x}$ and $36 x^{2} e^{4 x}$ .

$48 e^{4 x} x^{3} + 48 x^{4} e^{4 x} + 16 e^{4 x} x + 68 x^{2} e^{4 x} + 48 x^{3} e^{4 x} + 4 e^{4 x} + 4 (x (4 e^{4 x})) + 32 e^{4 x}$

Step 2.7.5.8

Add $48 e^{4 x} x^{3}$ and $48 x^{3} e^{4 x}$ .

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Step 2.7.5.8.1

Move $e^{4 x}$ .

$48 x^{3} e^{4 x} + 48 x^{3} e^{4 x} + 48 x^{4} e^{4 x} + 16 e^{4 x} x + 68 x^{2} e^{4 x} + 4 e^{4 x} + 4 (x (4 e^{4 x})) + 32 e^{4 x}$

Step 2.7.5.8.2

Add $48 x^{3} e^{4 x}$ and $48 x^{3} e^{4 x}$ .

$96 x^{3} e^{4 x} + 48 x^{4} e^{4 x} + 16 e^{4 x} x + 68 x^{2} e^{4 x} + 4 e^{4 x} + 4 (x (4 e^{4 x})) + 32 e^{4 x}$

Step 2.7.5.9

Multiply $4$ by $4$ .

$96 x^{3} e^{4 x} + 48 x^{4} e^{4 x} + 16 e^{4 x} x + 68 x^{2} e^{4 x} + 4 e^{4 x} + 16 (x (e^{4 x})) + 32 e^{4 x}$

Step 2.7.5.10

Add $16 e^{4 x} x$ and $16 x e^{4 x}$ .

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Step 2.7.5.10.1

Move $e^{4 x}$ .

$96 x^{3} e^{4 x} + 48 x^{4} e^{4 x} + 16 x e^{4 x} + 16 x e^{4 x} + 68 x^{2} e^{4 x} + 4 e^{4 x} + 32 e^{4 x}$

Step 2.7.5.10.2

Add $16 x e^{4 x}$ and $16 x e^{4 x}$ .

$96 x^{3} e^{4 x} + 48 x^{4} e^{4 x} + 32 x e^{4 x} + 68 x^{2} e^{4 x} + 4 e^{4 x} + 32 e^{4 x}$

Step 2.7.5.11

Add $4 e^{4 x}$ and $32 e^{4 x}$ .

$96 x^{3} e^{4 x} + 48 x^{4} e^{4 x} + 32 x e^{4 x} + 68 x^{2} e^{4 x} + 36 e^{4 x}$

Step 2.7.6

Reorder terms.

$96 e^{4 x} x^{3} + 48 e^{4 x} x^{4} + 32 e^{4 x} x + 68 e^{4 x} x^{2} + 36 e^{4 x}$

Step 2.7.7

Reorder factors in $96 e^{4 x} x^{3} + 48 e^{4 x} x^{4} + 32 e^{4 x} x + 68 e^{4 x} x^{2} + 36 e^{4 x}$ .

$f'' (x) = 96 x^{3} e^{4 x} + 48 x^{4} e^{4 x} + 32 x e^{4 x} + 68 x^{2} e^{4 x} + 36 e^{4 x}$