Calculus Examples

$y = x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x}$

Step 1

Find the first derivative.

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Step 1.1

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = x^{\frac{5}{2}}$ and $g (x) = e^{x}$ .

$x^{\frac{5}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}] + e^{x} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]$

Step 1.2

Differentiate using the Exponential Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [a^{x}]$ is $a^{x} \ln (a)$ where $a$ = $e$ .

$x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + e^{x} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}]$

Step 1.3

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{5}{2}$ .

$x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + e^{x} (\frac{5}{2} x^{\frac{5}{2} - 1})$

Step 1.4

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + e^{x} (\frac{5}{2} x^{\frac{5}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{2}{2}})$

Step 1.5

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + e^{x} (\frac{5}{2} x^{\frac{5}{2} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 2}{2}})$

Step 1.6

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + e^{x} (\frac{5}{2} x^{\frac{5 - 1 \cdot 2}{2}})$

Step 1.7

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 1.7.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + e^{x} (\frac{5}{2} x^{\frac{5 - 2}{2}})$

Step 1.7.2

Subtract $2$ from $5$ .

$x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + e^{x} (\frac{5}{2} x^{\frac{3}{2}})$

Step 1.8

Combine $\frac{5}{2}$ and $x^{\frac{3}{2}}$ .

$x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + e^{x} \frac{5 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}$

Step 1.9

Combine $e^{x}$ and $\frac{5 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}$ .

$x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{e^{x} (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2}$

Step 1.10

Simplify.

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Step 1.10.1

Reorder terms.

$e^{x} x^{\frac{5}{2}} + \frac{e^{x} (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2}$

Step 1.10.2

Move $5$ to the left of $e^{x}$ .

$f' (x) = e^{x} x^{\frac{5}{2}} + \frac{5 e^{x} x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}$

Step 2

Find the second derivative.

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Step 2.1

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $e^{x} x^{\frac{5}{2}} + \frac{5 e^{x} x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [e^{x} x^{\frac{5}{2}}] + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{5 e^{x} x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}]$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [e^{x} x^{\frac{5}{2}}] + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{5 e^{x} x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}]$

Step 2.2

Evaluate $\frac{d}{d x} [e^{x} x^{\frac{5}{2}}]$ .

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Step 2.2.1

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = e^{x}$ and $g (x) = x^{\frac{5}{2}}$ .

$e^{x} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{5}{2}}] + x^{\frac{5}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}] + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{5 e^{x} x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}]$

Step 2.2.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{5}{2}$ .

$e^{x} (\frac{5}{2} x^{\frac{5}{2} - 1}) + x^{\frac{5}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}] + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{5 e^{x} x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}]$

Step 2.2.3

Differentiate using the Exponential Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [a^{x}]$ is $a^{x} \ln (a)$ where $a$ = $e$ .

$e^{x} (\frac{5}{2} x^{\frac{5}{2} - 1}) + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{5 e^{x} x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}]$

Step 2.2.4

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$e^{x} (\frac{5}{2} x^{\frac{5}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{2}{2}}) + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{5 e^{x} x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}]$

Step 2.2.5

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$e^{x} (\frac{5}{2} x^{\frac{5}{2} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 2}{2}}) + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{5 e^{x} x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}]$

Step 2.2.6

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$e^{x} (\frac{5}{2} x^{\frac{5 - 1 \cdot 2}{2}}) + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{5 e^{x} x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}]$

Step 2.2.7

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 2.2.7.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$e^{x} (\frac{5}{2} x^{\frac{5 - 2}{2}}) + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{5 e^{x} x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}]$

Step 2.2.7.2

Subtract $2$ from $5$ .

$e^{x} (\frac{5}{2} x^{\frac{3}{2}}) + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{5 e^{x} x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}]$

Step 2.2.8

Combine $\frac{5}{2}$ and $x^{\frac{3}{2}}$ .

$e^{x} \frac{5 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{5 e^{x} x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}]$

Step 2.2.9

Combine $e^{x}$ and $\frac{5 x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{5 e^{x} x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}]$

Step 2.3

Evaluate $\frac{d}{d x} [\frac{5 e^{x} x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}]$ .

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Step 2.3.1

Since $\frac{5}{2}$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $\frac{5 e^{x} x^{\frac{3}{2}}}{2}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{5}{2} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x} x^{\frac{3}{2}}]$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{5}{2} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x} x^{\frac{3}{2}}]$

Step 2.3.2

$\frac{e^{x} (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{5}{2} (e^{x} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{2}}] + x^{\frac{3}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}])$

Step 2.3.3

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{3}{2}$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{5}{2} (e^{x} (\frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{3}{2} - 1}) + x^{\frac{3}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}])$

Step 2.3.4

Differentiate using the Exponential Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [a^{x}]$ is $a^{x} \ln (a)$ where $a$ = $e$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{5}{2} (e^{x} (\frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{3}{2} - 1}) + x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x})$

Step 2.3.5

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{5}{2} (e^{x} (\frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{3}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{2}{2}}) + x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x})$

Step 2.3.6

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{5}{2} (e^{x} (\frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{3}{2} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 2}{2}}) + x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x})$

Step 2.3.7

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{e^{x} (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{5}{2} (e^{x} (\frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{3 - 1 \cdot 2}{2}}) + x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x})$

Step 2.3.8

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 2.3.8.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{5}{2} (e^{x} (\frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{3 - 2}{2}}) + x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x})$

Step 2.3.8.2

Subtract $2$ from $3$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{5}{2} (e^{x} (\frac{3}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2}}) + x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x})$

Step 2.3.9

Combine $\frac{3}{2}$ and $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{5}{2} (e^{x} \frac{3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2} + x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x})$

Step 2.3.10

Combine $e^{x}$ and $\frac{3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2}$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{5}{2} (\frac{e^{x} (3 x^{\frac{1}{2}})}{2} + x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x})$

Step 2.4

Simplify.

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Step 2.4.1

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{e^{x} (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{5}{2} \cdot \frac{e^{x} (3 x^{\frac{1}{2}})}{2} + \frac{5}{2} (x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x})$

Step 2.4.2

Combine terms.

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Step 2.4.2.1

Multiply $\frac{5}{2}$ by $\frac{e^{x} (3 x^{\frac{1}{2}})}{2}$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{5 (e^{x} (3 x^{\frac{1}{2}}))}{2 \cdot 2} + \frac{5}{2} (x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x})$

Step 2.4.2.2

Multiply $3$ by $5$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{15 (e^{x} (x^{\frac{1}{2}}))}{2 \cdot 2} + \frac{5}{2} (x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x})$

Step 2.4.2.3

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{15 (e^{x} (x^{\frac{1}{2}}))}{4} + \frac{5}{2} (x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x})$

Step 2.4.2.4

Combine $x^{\frac{3}{2}}$ and $\frac{5}{2}$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{15 e^{x} x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{4} + \frac{x^{\frac{3}{2}} \cdot 5}{2} e^{x}$

Step 2.4.2.5

Combine $\frac{x^{\frac{3}{2}} \cdot 5}{2}$ and $e^{x}$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{15 e^{x} x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{4} + \frac{x^{\frac{3}{2}} \cdot 5 e^{x}}{2}$

Step 2.4.2.6

Move $5$ to the left of $x^{\frac{3}{2}}$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{15 e^{x} x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{4} + \frac{5 \cdot x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x}}{2}$

Step 2.4.2.7

Add $\frac{e^{x} (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}})}{2}$ and $\frac{5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x}}{2}$ .

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Step 2.4.2.7.1

Move $e^{x}$ .

$\frac{5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x}}{2} + \frac{5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x}}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{15 e^{x} x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{4}$

Step 2.4.2.7.2

Add $\frac{5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x}}{2}$ and $\frac{5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x}}{2}$ .

$2 \frac{5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x}}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{15 e^{x} x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{4}$

Step 2.4.2.8

Combine $2$ and $\frac{5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x}}{2}$ .

$\frac{2 (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x})}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{15 e^{x} x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{4}$

Step 2.4.2.9

Multiply $5$ by $2$ .

$\frac{10 (x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x})}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{15 e^{x} x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{4}$

Step 2.4.2.10

Factor $2$ out of $10 x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x}$ .

$\frac{2 (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x})}{2} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{15 e^{x} x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{4}$

Step 2.4.2.11

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 2.4.2.11.1

Factor $2$ out of $2$ .

$\frac{2 (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x})}{2 (1)} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{15 e^{x} x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{4}$

Step 2.4.2.11.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{2 (5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x})}{2 \cdot 1} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{15 e^{x} x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{4}$

Step 2.4.2.11.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x}}{1} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{15 e^{x} x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{4}$

Step 2.4.2.11.4

Divide $5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x}$ by $1$ .

$5 x^{\frac{3}{2}} e^{x} + x^{\frac{5}{2}} e^{x} + \frac{15 e^{x} x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{4}$

Step 2.4.3

Reorder terms.

$f'' (x) = 5 e^{x} x^{\frac{3}{2}} + e^{x} x^{\frac{5}{2}} + \frac{15 e^{x} x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{4}$