Calculus Examples

$y = {(\sqrt{x} - 7)}^{- 3}$

Step 1

Find the first derivative.

Tap for more steps...

Step 1.1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt{x}$ as $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [{(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{- 3}]$

Step 1.2

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = x^{- 3}$ and $g (x) = x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 1.2.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u$ as $x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7$ .

$\frac{d}{d u} [u^{- 3}] \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7]$

Step 1.2.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u} [u^{n}]$ is $n u^{n - 1}$ where $n = - 3$ .

$- 3 u^{- 4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7]$

Step 1.2.3

Replace all occurrences of $u$ with $x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7$ .

$- 3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{- 4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7]$

Step 1.3

Differentiate.

Tap for more steps...

Step 1.3.1

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 7]$ .

$- 3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{- 4} (\frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 7])$

Step 1.3.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{1}{2}$ .

$- 3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{- 4} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1} + \frac{d}{d x} [- 7])$

Step 1.4

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$- 3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{- 4} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{2}{2}} + \frac{d}{d x} [- 7])$

Step 1.5

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$- 3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{- 4} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 2}{2}} + \frac{d}{d x} [- 7])$

Step 1.6

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$- 3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{- 4} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1 - 1 \cdot 2}{2}} + \frac{d}{d x} [- 7])$

Step 1.7

Simplify the numerator.

Tap for more steps...

Step 1.7.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$- 3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{- 4} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1 - 2}{2}} + \frac{d}{d x} [- 7])$

Step 1.7.2

Subtract $2$ from $1$ .

$- 3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{- 4} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{- 1}{2}} + \frac{d}{d x} [- 7])$

Step 1.8

Combine fractions.

Tap for more steps...

Step 1.8.1

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$- 3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{- 4} (\frac{1}{2} x^{- \frac{1}{2}} + \frac{d}{d x} [- 7])$

Step 1.8.2

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ .

$- 3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{- 4} (\frac{x^{- \frac{1}{2}}}{2} + \frac{d}{d x} [- 7])$

Step 1.8.3

Move $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$- 3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{- 4} (\frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{d}{d x} [- 7])$

Step 1.9

Since $- 7$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $- 7$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$- 3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{- 4} (\frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + 0)$

Step 1.10

Combine fractions.

Tap for more steps...

Step 1.10.1

Add $\frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ and $0$ .

$- 3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{- 4} \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 1.10.2

Combine $\frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ and $- 3$ .

$\frac{- 3}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{- 4}$

Step 1.10.3

Combine $\frac{- 3}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ and ${(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{- 4}$ .

$\frac{- 3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{- 4}}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 1.10.4

Simplify the expression.

Tap for more steps...

Step 1.10.4.1

Move ${(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{- 4}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$\frac{- 3}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}}$

Step 1.10.4.2

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$f' (x) = - \frac{3}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}}$

Step 2

Find the second derivative.

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1

Differentiate using the Constant Multiple Rule.

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.1.1

Since $- \frac{3}{2}$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $- \frac{3}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}}$ with respect to $x$ is $- \frac{3}{2} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}}]$ .

$- \frac{3}{2} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}}]$

Step 2.1.2

Rewrite $\frac{1}{x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}}$ as ${(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{- 1}$ .

$- \frac{3}{2} \frac{d}{d x} [{(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{- 1}]$

Step 2.2

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = x^{- 1}$ and $g (x) = x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.2.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{1}$ as $x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}$ .

$- \frac{3}{2} (\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [{u_{1}}^{- 1}] \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}])$

Step 2.2.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [{u_{1}}^{n}]$ is $n {u_{1}}^{n - 1}$ where $n = - 1$ .

$- \frac{3}{2} (- {u_{1}}^{- 2} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}])$

Step 2.2.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{1}$ with $x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}$ .

$- \frac{3}{2} (- {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{- 2} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}])$

Step 2.3

Combine fractions.

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.3.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $- 1$ .

$1 (\frac{3}{2}) ({(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{- 2} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}])$

Step 2.3.2

Multiply $\frac{3}{2}$ by $1$ .

$\frac{3}{2} ({(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{- 2} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}])$

Step 2.3.3

Combine ${(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{- 2}$ and $\frac{3}{2}$ .

$\frac{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{- 2} \cdot 3}{2} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}]$

Step 2.3.4

Simplify the expression.

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.3.4.1

Move $3$ to the left of ${(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{- 2}$ .

$\frac{3 \cdot {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{- 2}}{2} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}]$

Step 2.3.4.2

Move ${(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{- 2}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}]$

Step 2.4

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ and $g (x) = {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [{(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}] + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 2.5

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = x^{4}$ and $g (x) = x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.5.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u_{2}$ as $x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} (\frac{d}{d u_{2}} [{u_{2}}^{4}] \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7]) + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 2.5.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u_{2}} [{u_{2}}^{n}]$ is $n {u_{2}}^{n - 1}$ where $n = 4$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} (4 {u_{2}}^{3} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7]) + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 2.5.3

Replace all occurrences of $u_{2}$ with $x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} (4 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7]) + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 2.6

Differentiate.

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.6.1

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 7]$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} (4 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (\frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}] + \frac{d}{d x} [- 7])) + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 2.6.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} (4 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1} + \frac{d}{d x} [- 7])) + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 2.7

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} (4 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{2}{2}} + \frac{d}{d x} [- 7])) + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 2.8

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} (4 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 2}{2}} + \frac{d}{d x} [- 7])) + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 2.9

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} (4 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1 - 1 \cdot 2}{2}} + \frac{d}{d x} [- 7])) + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 2.10

Simplify the numerator.

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.10.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} (4 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1 - 2}{2}} + \frac{d}{d x} [- 7])) + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 2.10.2

Subtract $2$ from $1$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} (4 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{- 1}{2}} + \frac{d}{d x} [- 7])) + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 2.11

Combine fractions.

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.11.1

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} (4 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (\frac{1}{2} x^{- \frac{1}{2}} + \frac{d}{d x} [- 7])) + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 2.11.2

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} (4 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (\frac{x^{- \frac{1}{2}}}{2} + \frac{d}{d x} [- 7])) + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 2.11.3

Move $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} (4 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (\frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{d}{d x} [- 7])) + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 2.12

Since $- 7$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $- 7$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} (4 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (\frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + 0)) + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 2.13

Simplify terms.

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.13.1

Add $\frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ and $0$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} (4 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}) + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 2.13.2

Combine $\frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ and $4$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} (\frac{4}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3}) + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 2.13.3

Combine $\frac{4}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ and ${(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3}$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{4 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3}}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 2.13.4

Factor $2$ out of $4 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3}$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{2 (2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3})}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 2.14

Cancel the common factors.

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.14.1

Factor $2$ out of $2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{2 (2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3})}{2 (x^{\frac{1}{2}})} + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 2.14.2

Cancel the common factor.

Step 2.14.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3}}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 2.15

Simplify terms.

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.15.1

Combine $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ and $\frac{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3}}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (\frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}} (2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3})}{x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 2.15.2

Cancel the common factor.

Step 2.15.3

Divide $2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3}$ by $1$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}])$

Step 2.16

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1}))$

Step 2.17

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{2}{2}}))$

Step 2.18

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 2}{2}}))$

Step 2.19

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1 - 1 \cdot 2}{2}}))$

Step 2.20

Simplify the numerator.

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.20.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1 - 2}{2}}))$

Step 2.20.2

Subtract $2$ from $1$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{- 1}{2}}))$

Step 2.21

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} (\frac{1}{2} x^{- \frac{1}{2}}))$

Step 2.22

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} \frac{x^{- \frac{1}{2}}}{2})$

Step 2.23

Combine ${(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}$ and $\frac{x^{- \frac{1}{2}}}{2}$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} + \frac{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4} x^{- \frac{1}{2}}}{2})$

Step 2.24

Move $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} + \frac{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}})$

Step 2.25

To write $2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3}$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} \cdot \frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}})$

Step 2.26

Combine $2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3}$ and $\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} (\frac{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (2 x^{\frac{1}{2}})}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}})$

Step 2.27

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} \cdot \frac{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}) + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 2.28

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}} \cdot \frac{4 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} x^{\frac{1}{2}} + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 2.29

Multiply $\frac{3}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}}$ by $\frac{4 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} x^{\frac{1}{2}} + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ .

$\frac{3 (4 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} x^{\frac{1}{2}} + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}{2 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2} (2 x^{\frac{1}{2}})}$

Step 2.30

Multiply $2$ by $2$ .

$\frac{3 (4 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} x^{\frac{1}{2}} + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}{4 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2} x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 2.31

Simplify.

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.31.1

Apply the product rule to $x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}$ .

$\frac{3 (4 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} x^{\frac{1}{2}} + {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}{4 ({(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2} {({(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}) x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 2.31.2

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{3 (4 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} x^{\frac{1}{2}}) + 3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}}{4 ({(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2} {({(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}) x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 2.31.3

Simplify the numerator.

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.31.3.1

Factor $3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3}$ out of $3 \cdot 4 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} x^{\frac{1}{2}} + 3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.31.3.1.1

Move ${(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3}$ .

$\frac{3 \cdot 4 x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} + 3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}}{4 ({(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2} {({(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}) x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 2.31.3.1.2

Factor $3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3}$ out of $3 \cdot 4 x^{\frac{1}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3}$ .

$\frac{3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (4 x^{\frac{1}{2}}) + 3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}}{4 ({(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2} {({(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}) x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 2.31.3.1.3

Factor $3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3}$ out of $3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4}$ .

$\frac{3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (4 x^{\frac{1}{2}}) + 3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}{4 ({(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2} {({(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}) x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 2.31.3.1.4

Factor $3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3}$ out of $3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (4 x^{\frac{1}{2}}) + 3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)$ .

$\frac{3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (4 x^{\frac{1}{2}} + x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}{4 ({(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2} {({(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}) x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 2.31.3.2

Add $4 x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ and $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (5 x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}{4 ({(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2} {({(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}) x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 2.31.4

Combine terms.

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.31.4.1

Multiply the exponents in ${(x^{\frac{1}{2}})}^{2}$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.31.4.1.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$\frac{3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (5 x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}{4 (x^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 2} {({(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}) x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 2.31.4.1.2

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.31.4.1.2.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (5 x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}{4 (x^{\frac{1}{2} \cdot 2} {({(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}) x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 2.31.4.1.2.2

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (5 x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}{4 (x^{1} {({(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}) x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 2.31.4.2

Simplify.

$\frac{3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (5 x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}{4 (x {({(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}) x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 2.31.4.3

Multiply the exponents in ${({(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4})}^{2}$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.31.4.3.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$\frac{3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (5 x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}{4 (x {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{4 \cdot 2}) x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 2.31.4.3.2

Multiply $4$ by $2$ .

$\frac{3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (5 x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}{4 (x {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{8}) x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 2.31.4.4

Multiply $x$ by $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ by adding the exponents.

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.31.4.4.1

Move $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (5 x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}{4 (x^{\frac{1}{2}} x) {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{8}}$

Step 2.31.4.4.2

Multiply $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ by $x$ .

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.31.4.4.2.1

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$\frac{3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (5 x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}{4 (x^{\frac{1}{2}} x^{1}) {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{8}}$

Step 2.31.4.4.2.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (5 x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}{4 x^{\frac{1}{2} + 1} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{8}}$

Step 2.31.4.4.3

Write $1$ as a fraction with a common denominator.

$\frac{3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (5 x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}{4 x^{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{2}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{8}}$

Step 2.31.4.4.4

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (5 x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}{4 x^{\frac{1 + 2}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{8}}$

Step 2.31.4.4.5

Add $1$ and $2$ .

$\frac{3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (5 x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}{4 x^{\frac{3}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{8}}$

Step 2.31.4.5

Factor ${(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3}$ out of $3 {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (5 x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)$ .

$\frac{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (3 (5 x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7))}{4 x^{\frac{3}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{8}}$

Step 2.31.4.6

Cancel the common factors.

Tap for more steps...

Step 2.31.4.6.1

Factor ${(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3}$ out of $4 x^{\frac{3}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{8}$ .

$\frac{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (3 (5 x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7))}{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (4 x^{\frac{3}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{5})}$

Step 2.31.4.6.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (3 (5 x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7))}{{(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{3} (4 x^{\frac{3}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{5})}$

Step 2.31.4.6.3

Rewrite the expression.

$f'' (x) = \frac{3 (5 x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}{4 x^{\frac{3}{2}} {(x^{\frac{1}{2}} - 7)}^{5}}$