Calculus Examples

$f (x) = \sqrt[6]{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{5}}$

Step 1

Find the first derivative.

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Step 1.1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt[6]{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{5}}$ as ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}]$

Step 1.2

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = x^{\frac{5}{6}}$ and $g (x) = x^{2} + 1$ .

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Step 1.2.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u$ as $x^{2} + 1$ .

$\frac{d}{d u} [u^{\frac{5}{6}}] \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]$

Step 1.2.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u} [u^{n}]$ is $n u^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{5}{6}$ .

$\frac{5}{6} u^{\frac{5}{6} - 1} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]$

Step 1.2.3

Replace all occurrences of $u$ with $x^{2} + 1$ .

$\frac{5}{6} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6} - 1} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]$

Step 1.3

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{6}{6}$ .

$\frac{5}{6} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6} - 1 \cdot \frac{6}{6}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]$

Step 1.4

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{6}{6}$ .

$\frac{5}{6} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 6}{6}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]$

Step 1.5

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{5}{6} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5 - 1 \cdot 6}{6}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]$

Step 1.6

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 1.6.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $6$ .

$\frac{5}{6} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5 - 6}{6}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]$

Step 1.6.2

Subtract $6$ from $5$ .

$\frac{5}{6} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{- 1}{6}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]$

Step 1.7

Combine fractions.

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Step 1.7.1

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$\frac{5}{6} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{- \frac{1}{6}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]$

Step 1.7.2

Combine $\frac{5}{6}$ and ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{- \frac{1}{6}}$ .

$\frac{5 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{- \frac{1}{6}}}{6} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]$

Step 1.7.3

Move ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{- \frac{1}{6}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$\frac{5}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]$

Step 1.8

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $x^{2} + 1$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [1]$ .

$\frac{5}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}} (\frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [1])$

Step 1.9

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 2$ .

$\frac{5}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}} (2 x + \frac{d}{d x} [1])$

Step 1.10

Since $1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $1$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$\frac{5}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}} (2 x + 0)$

Step 1.11

Simplify terms.

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Step 1.11.1

Add $2 x$ and $0$ .

$\frac{5}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}} (2 x)$

Step 1.11.2

Combine $2$ and $\frac{5}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}}$ .

$\frac{2 \cdot 5}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}} x$

Step 1.11.3

Multiply $2$ by $5$ .

$\frac{10}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}} x$

Step 1.11.4

Combine $\frac{10}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}}$ and $x$ .

$\frac{10 x}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}}$

Step 1.11.5

Factor $2$ out of $10 x$ .

$\frac{2 (5 x)}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}}$

Step 1.12

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 1.12.1

Factor $2$ out of $6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}$ .

$\frac{2 (5 x)}{2 (3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}})}$

Step 1.12.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{2 (5 x)}{2 (3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}})}$

Step 1.12.3

Rewrite the expression.

$f' (x) = \frac{5 x}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}}$

Step 2

Find the second derivative.

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Step 2.1

Since $\frac{5}{3}$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $\frac{5 x}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{5}{3} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{x}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}}]$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{x}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}}]$

Step 2.2

Differentiate using the Quotient Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [\frac{f (x)}{g (x)}]$ is $\frac{g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)] - f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)]}{{g (x)}^{2}}$ where $f (x) = x$ and $g (x) = {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} \frac{d}{d x} [x] - x \frac{d}{d x} [{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}]}{{({(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}})}^{2}}$

Step 2.3

Differentiate using the Power Rule.

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Step 2.3.1

Multiply the exponents in ${({(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}})}^{2}$ .

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Step 2.3.1.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} \frac{d}{d x} [x] - x \frac{d}{d x} [{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}]}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6} \cdot 2}}$

Step 2.3.1.2

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 2.3.1.2.1

Factor $2$ out of $6$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} \frac{d}{d x} [x] - x \frac{d}{d x} [{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}]}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2 (3)} \cdot 2}}$

Step 2.3.1.2.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} \frac{d}{d x} [x] - x \frac{d}{d x} [{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}]}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2 \cdot 3} \cdot 2}}$

Step 2.3.1.2.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} \frac{d}{d x} [x] - x \frac{d}{d x} [{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}]}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.3.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} \cdot 1 - x \frac{d}{d x} [{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}]}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.3.3

Multiply ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}$ by $1$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} - x \frac{d}{d x} [{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}]}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.4

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = x^{\frac{1}{6}}$ and $g (x) = x^{2} + 1$ .

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Step 2.4.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u$ as $x^{2} + 1$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} - x (\frac{d}{d u} [u^{\frac{1}{6}}] \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1])}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.4.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u} [u^{n}]$ is $n u^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{1}{6}$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} - x (\frac{1}{6} u^{\frac{1}{6} - 1} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1])}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.4.3

Replace all occurrences of $u$ with $x^{2} + 1$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} - x (\frac{1}{6} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6} - 1} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1])}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.5

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{6}{6}$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} - x (\frac{1}{6} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6} - 1 \cdot \frac{6}{6}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1])}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.6

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{6}{6}$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} - x (\frac{1}{6} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 6}{6}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1])}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.7

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} - x (\frac{1}{6} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1 - 1 \cdot 6}{6}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1])}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.8

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 2.8.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $6$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} - x (\frac{1}{6} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1 - 6}{6}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1])}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.8.2

Subtract $6$ from $1$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} - x (\frac{1}{6} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{- 5}{6}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1])}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.9

Combine fractions.

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Step 2.9.1

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} - x (\frac{1}{6} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{- \frac{5}{6}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1])}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.9.2

Combine $\frac{1}{6}$ and ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{- \frac{5}{6}}$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} - x (\frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{- \frac{5}{6}}}{6} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1])}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.9.3

Move ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{- \frac{5}{6}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} - x (\frac{1}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1])}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.9.4

Combine $\frac{1}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}$ and $x$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} - \frac{x}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{2} + 1]}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.10

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $x^{2} + 1$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [1]$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} - \frac{x}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}} (\frac{d}{d x} [x^{2}] + \frac{d}{d x} [1])}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.11

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 2$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} - \frac{x}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}} (2 x + \frac{d}{d x} [1])}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.12

Since $1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $1$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} - \frac{x}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}} (2 x + 0)}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.13

Combine fractions.

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Step 2.13.1

Add $2 x$ and $0$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} - \frac{x}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}} (2 x)}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.13.2

Multiply $2$ by $- 1$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} - 2 \frac{x}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}} x}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.13.3

Combine $- 2$ and $\frac{x}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} + \frac{- 2 x}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}} x}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.13.4

Combine $\frac{- 2 x}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}$ and $x$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} + \frac{- 2 x \cdot x}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.14

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} + \frac{- 2 (x^{1} x)}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.15

Raise $x$ to the power of $1$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} + \frac{- 2 (x^{1} x^{1})}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.16

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} + \frac{- 2 x^{1 + 1}}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.17

Add $1$ and $1$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} + \frac{- 2 x^{2}}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.18

Factor $2$ out of $- 2 x^{2}$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} + \frac{2 (- x^{2})}{6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.19

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 2.19.1

Factor $2$ out of $6 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} + \frac{2 (- x^{2})}{2 (3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}})}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.19.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} + \frac{2 (- x^{2})}{2 (3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}})}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.19.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} + \frac{- x^{2}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.20

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} - \frac{x^{2}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.21

To write ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} \cdot \frac{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}} - \frac{x^{2}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.22

Combine ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}$ and $\frac{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{\frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} (3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}})}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}} - \frac{x^{2}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.23

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{\frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} (3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}) - x^{2}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.24

Multiply ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}}$ by ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 2.24.1

Move ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{\frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{6}} \cdot 3 - x^{2}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.24.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{\frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6} + \frac{1}{6}} \cdot 3 - x^{2}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.24.3

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{\frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5 + 1}{6}} \cdot 3 - x^{2}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.24.4

Add $5$ and $1$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{\frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{6}{6}} \cdot 3 - x^{2}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.24.5

Divide $6$ by $6$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{\frac{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{1} \cdot 3 - x^{2}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.25

Simplify ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{1} \cdot 3$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{\frac{(x^{2} + 1) \cdot 3 - x^{2}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.26

Move $3$ to the left of $x^{2} + 1$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{\frac{3 \cdot (x^{2} + 1) - x^{2}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.27

Rewrite $\frac{\frac{3 (x^{2} + 1) - x^{2}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$ as a product.

$\frac{5}{3} (\frac{3 (x^{2} + 1) - x^{2}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}} \cdot \frac{1}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}})$

Step 2.28

Multiply $\frac{3 (x^{2} + 1) - x^{2}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}}$ by $\frac{1}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{3 (x^{2} + 1) - x^{2}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 2.29

Multiply ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}}$ by ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 2.29.1

Move ${(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}}$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{3 (x^{2} + 1) - x^{2}}{3 ({(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3}} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{5}{6}})}$

Step 2.29.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{3 (x^{2} + 1) - x^{2}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3} + \frac{5}{6}}}$

Step 2.29.3

To write $\frac{1}{3}$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{3 (x^{2} + 1) - x^{2}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{2}{2} + \frac{5}{6}}}$

Step 2.29.4

Write each expression with a common denominator of $6$ , by multiplying each by an appropriate factor of $1$ .

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Step 2.29.4.1

Multiply $\frac{1}{3}$ by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{3 (x^{2} + 1) - x^{2}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{2}{3 \cdot 2} + \frac{5}{6}}}$

Step 2.29.4.2

Multiply $3$ by $2$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{3 (x^{2} + 1) - x^{2}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{2}{6} + \frac{5}{6}}}$

Step 2.29.5

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{3 (x^{2} + 1) - x^{2}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{2 + 5}{6}}}$

Step 2.29.6

Add $2$ and $5$ .

$\frac{5}{3} \cdot \frac{3 (x^{2} + 1) - x^{2}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{7}{6}}}$

Step 2.30

Multiply $\frac{5}{3}$ by $\frac{3 (x^{2} + 1) - x^{2}}{3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{7}{6}}}$ .

$\frac{5 (3 (x^{2} + 1) - x^{2})}{3 (3 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{7}{6}})}$

Step 2.31

Multiply $3$ by $3$ .

$\frac{5 (3 (x^{2} + 1) - x^{2})}{9 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{7}{6}}}$

Step 2.32

Simplify.

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Step 2.32.1

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{5 (3 x^{2} + 3 \cdot 1 - x^{2})}{9 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{7}{6}}}$

Step 2.32.2

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{5 (3 x^{2}) + 5 (3 \cdot 1) + 5 (- x^{2})}{9 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{7}{6}}}$

Step 2.32.3

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 2.32.3.1

Simplify each term.

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Step 2.32.3.1.1

Multiply $3$ by $5$ .

$\frac{15 x^{2} + 5 (3 \cdot 1) + 5 (- x^{2})}{9 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{7}{6}}}$

Step 2.32.3.1.2

Multiply $5 (3 \cdot 1)$ .

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Step 2.32.3.1.2.1

Multiply $3$ by $1$ .

$\frac{15 x^{2} + 5 \cdot 3 + 5 (- x^{2})}{9 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{7}{6}}}$

Step 2.32.3.1.2.2

Multiply $5$ by $3$ .

$\frac{15 x^{2} + 15 + 5 (- x^{2})}{9 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{7}{6}}}$

Step 2.32.3.1.3

Multiply $- 1$ by $5$ .

$\frac{15 x^{2} + 15 - 5 x^{2}}{9 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{7}{6}}}$

Step 2.32.3.2

Subtract $5 x^{2}$ from $15 x^{2}$ .

$\frac{10 x^{2} + 15}{9 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{7}{6}}}$

Step 2.32.4

Factor $5$ out of $10 x^{2} + 15$ .

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Step 2.32.4.1

Factor $5$ out of $10 x^{2}$ .

$\frac{5 (2 x^{2}) + 15}{9 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{7}{6}}}$

Step 2.32.4.2

Factor $5$ out of $15$ .

$\frac{5 (2 x^{2}) + 5 (3)}{9 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{7}{6}}}$

Step 2.32.4.3

Factor $5$ out of $5 (2 x^{2}) + 5 (3)$ .

$f'' (x) = \frac{5 (2 x^{2} + 3)}{9 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{7}{6}}}$

Step 3

The second derivative of $f (x)$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{5 (2 x^{2} + 3)}{9 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{7}{6}}}$ .

$\frac{5 (2 x^{2} + 3)}{9 {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{7}{6}}}$