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Calculus Examples
Step 1
Step 1.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.2
Evaluate .
Step 1.2.1
Use to rewrite as .
Step 1.2.2
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.2.3
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.2.4
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 1.2.5
Combine and .
Step 1.2.6
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 1.2.7
Simplify the numerator.
Step 1.2.7.1
Multiply by .
Step 1.2.7.2
Subtract from .
Step 1.2.8
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 1.2.9
Combine and .
Step 1.2.10
Combine and .
Step 1.2.11
Multiply by .
Step 1.2.12
Move to the denominator using the negative exponent rule .
Step 1.2.13
Factor out of .
Step 1.2.14
Cancel the common factors.
Step 1.2.14.1
Factor out of .
Step 1.2.14.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 1.2.14.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 1.3
Evaluate .
Step 1.3.1
Use to rewrite as .
Step 1.3.2
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.3.3
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.3.4
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 1.3.5
Combine and .
Step 1.3.6
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 1.3.7
Simplify the numerator.
Step 1.3.7.1
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.7.2
Subtract from .
Step 1.3.8
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 1.3.9
Combine and .
Step 1.3.10
Combine and .
Step 1.3.11
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.12
Move to the denominator using the negative exponent rule .
Step 1.3.13
Factor out of .
Step 1.3.14
Cancel the common factors.
Step 1.3.14.1
Factor out of .
Step 1.3.14.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 1.3.14.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 1.3.15
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 1.4
Evaluate .
Step 1.4.1
Use to rewrite as .
Step 1.4.2
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.4.3
Rewrite as .
Step 1.4.4
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 1.4.4.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 1.4.4.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.4.4.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 1.4.5
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.4.6
Multiply the exponents in .
Step 1.4.6.1
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 1.4.6.2
Multiply .
Step 1.4.6.2.1
Combine and .
Step 1.4.6.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.4.6.3
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 1.4.7
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 1.4.8
Combine and .
Step 1.4.9
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 1.4.10
Simplify the numerator.
Step 1.4.10.1
Multiply by .
Step 1.4.10.2
Subtract from .
Step 1.4.11
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 1.4.12
Combine and .
Step 1.4.13
Combine and .
Step 1.4.14
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 1.4.14.1
Move .
Step 1.4.14.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.4.14.3
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 1.4.14.4
Subtract from .
Step 1.4.14.5
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 1.4.15
Move to the denominator using the negative exponent rule .
Step 1.4.16
Multiply by .
Step 1.4.17
Combine and .
Step 1.4.18
Multiply by .
Step 1.4.19
Factor out of .
Step 1.4.20
Cancel the common factors.
Step 1.4.20.1
Factor out of .
Step 1.4.20.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 1.4.20.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 1.4.21
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 1.5
Evaluate .
Step 1.5.1
Use to rewrite as .
Step 1.5.2
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.5.3
Rewrite as .
Step 1.5.4
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 1.5.4.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 1.5.4.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.5.4.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 1.5.5
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.5.6
Multiply the exponents in .
Step 1.5.6.1
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 1.5.6.2
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 1.5.6.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 1.5.6.2.2
Factor out of .
Step 1.5.6.2.3
Cancel the common factor.
Step 1.5.6.2.4
Rewrite the expression.
Step 1.5.6.3
Combine and .
Step 1.5.6.4
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 1.5.7
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 1.5.8
Combine and .
Step 1.5.9
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 1.5.10
Simplify the numerator.
Step 1.5.10.1
Multiply by .
Step 1.5.10.2
Subtract from .
Step 1.5.11
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 1.5.12
Combine and .
Step 1.5.13
Combine and .
Step 1.5.14
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 1.5.14.1
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.5.14.2
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 1.5.14.3
Write each expression with a common denominator of , by multiplying each by an appropriate factor of .
Step 1.5.14.3.1
Multiply by .
Step 1.5.14.3.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.5.14.4
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 1.5.14.5
Subtract from .
Step 1.5.14.6
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 1.5.15
Move to the denominator using the negative exponent rule .
Step 1.5.16
Multiply by .
Step 1.5.17
Combine and .
Step 1.5.18
Factor out of .
Step 1.5.19
Cancel the common factors.
Step 1.5.19.1
Factor out of .
Step 1.5.19.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 1.5.19.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 1.5.20
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 2
Step 2.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.2
Evaluate .
Step 2.2.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.2.2
Rewrite as .
Step 2.2.3
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 2.2.3.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 2.2.3.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.2.3.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 2.2.4
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.2.5
Multiply the exponents in .
Step 2.2.5.1
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 2.2.5.2
Combine and .
Step 2.2.5.3
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 2.2.6
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 2.2.7
Combine and .
Step 2.2.8
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 2.2.9
Simplify the numerator.
Step 2.2.9.1
Multiply by .
Step 2.2.9.2
Subtract from .
Step 2.2.10
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 2.2.11
Combine and .
Step 2.2.12
Combine and .
Step 2.2.13
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.2.13.1
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.2.13.2
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 2.2.13.3
Subtract from .
Step 2.2.13.4
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 2.2.14
Move to the denominator using the negative exponent rule .
Step 2.2.15
Multiply by .
Step 2.2.16
Combine and .
Step 2.2.17
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 2.3
Evaluate .
Step 2.3.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.3.2
Rewrite as .
Step 2.3.3
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 2.3.3.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 2.3.3.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.3.3.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 2.3.4
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.3.5
Multiply the exponents in .
Step 2.3.5.1
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 2.3.5.2
Combine and .
Step 2.3.5.3
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 2.3.6
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 2.3.7
Combine and .
Step 2.3.8
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 2.3.9
Simplify the numerator.
Step 2.3.9.1
Multiply by .
Step 2.3.9.2
Subtract from .
Step 2.3.10
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 2.3.11
Combine and .
Step 2.3.12
Combine and .
Step 2.3.13
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.3.13.1
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.3.13.2
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 2.3.13.3
Subtract from .
Step 2.3.13.4
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 2.3.14
Move to the denominator using the negative exponent rule .
Step 2.3.15
Multiply by .
Step 2.3.16
Combine and .
Step 2.4
Evaluate .
Step 2.4.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.4.2
Rewrite as .
Step 2.4.3
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 2.4.3.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 2.4.3.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.4.3.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 2.4.4
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.4.5
Multiply the exponents in .
Step 2.4.5.1
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 2.4.5.2
Multiply .
Step 2.4.5.2.1
Combine and .
Step 2.4.5.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.4.5.3
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 2.4.6
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 2.4.7
Combine and .
Step 2.4.8
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 2.4.9
Simplify the numerator.
Step 2.4.9.1
Multiply by .
Step 2.4.9.2
Subtract from .
Step 2.4.10
Combine and .
Step 2.4.11
Combine and .
Step 2.4.12
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.4.12.1
Move .
Step 2.4.12.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.4.12.3
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 2.4.12.4
Add and .
Step 2.4.12.5
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 2.4.13
Move to the denominator using the negative exponent rule .
Step 2.4.14
Multiply by .
Step 2.4.15
Combine and .
Step 2.4.16
Multiply by .
Step 2.5
Evaluate .
Step 2.5.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.5.2
Rewrite as .
Step 2.5.3
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 2.5.3.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 2.5.3.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.5.3.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 2.5.4
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.5.5
Multiply the exponents in .
Step 2.5.5.1
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 2.5.5.2
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 2.5.5.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 2.5.5.2.2
Factor out of .
Step 2.5.5.2.3
Cancel the common factor.
Step 2.5.5.2.4
Rewrite the expression.
Step 2.5.5.3
Combine and .
Step 2.5.5.4
Multiply by .
Step 2.5.5.5
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 2.5.6
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 2.5.7
Combine and .
Step 2.5.8
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 2.5.9
Simplify the numerator.
Step 2.5.9.1
Multiply by .
Step 2.5.9.2
Subtract from .
Step 2.5.10
Combine and .
Step 2.5.11
Combine and .
Step 2.5.12
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.5.12.1
Move .
Step 2.5.12.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.5.12.3
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 2.5.12.4
Write each expression with a common denominator of , by multiplying each by an appropriate factor of .
Step 2.5.12.4.1
Multiply by .
Step 2.5.12.4.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.5.12.5
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 2.5.12.6
Simplify the numerator.
Step 2.5.12.6.1
Multiply by .
Step 2.5.12.6.2
Add and .
Step 2.5.12.7
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 2.5.13
Move to the denominator using the negative exponent rule .
Step 2.5.14
Multiply by .
Step 2.5.15
Multiply by .
Step 2.5.16
Multiply by .
Step 2.5.17
Multiply by .
Step 2.5.18
Multiply by .
Step 2.5.19
Factor out of .
Step 2.5.20
Cancel the common factors.
Step 2.5.20.1
Factor out of .
Step 2.5.20.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 2.5.20.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 2.6
Reorder terms.
Step 3
Step 3.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.2
Evaluate .
Step 3.2.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.2.2
Rewrite as .
Step 3.2.3
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 3.2.3.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 3.2.3.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.2.3.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 3.2.4
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.2.5
Multiply the exponents in .
Step 3.2.5.1
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 3.2.5.2
Multiply .
Step 3.2.5.2.1
Combine and .
Step 3.2.5.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.5.3
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 3.2.6
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 3.2.7
Combine and .
Step 3.2.8
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 3.2.9
Simplify the numerator.
Step 3.2.9.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.9.2
Subtract from .
Step 3.2.10
Combine and .
Step 3.2.11
Combine and .
Step 3.2.12
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 3.2.12.1
Move .
Step 3.2.12.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.2.12.3
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 3.2.12.4
Add and .
Step 3.2.12.5
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 3.2.13
Move to the denominator using the negative exponent rule .
Step 3.2.14
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.15
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.16
Multiply by .
Step 3.3
Evaluate .
Step 3.3.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.3.2
Rewrite as .
Step 3.3.3
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 3.3.3.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 3.3.3.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.3.3.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 3.3.4
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.3.5
Multiply the exponents in .
Step 3.3.5.1
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 3.3.5.2
Multiply .
Step 3.3.5.2.1
Combine and .
Step 3.3.5.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.3.5.3
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 3.3.6
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 3.3.7
Combine and .
Step 3.3.8
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 3.3.9
Simplify the numerator.
Step 3.3.9.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.3.9.2
Subtract from .
Step 3.3.10
Combine and .
Step 3.3.11
Combine and .
Step 3.3.12
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 3.3.12.1
Move .
Step 3.3.12.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.3.12.3
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 3.3.12.4
Add and .
Step 3.3.12.5
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 3.3.13
Move to the denominator using the negative exponent rule .
Step 3.3.14
Multiply by .
Step 3.3.15
Multiply by .
Step 3.3.16
Multiply by .
Step 3.4
Evaluate .
Step 3.4.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.4.2
Rewrite as .
Step 3.4.3
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 3.4.3.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 3.4.3.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.4.3.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 3.4.4
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.4.5
Multiply the exponents in .
Step 3.4.5.1
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 3.4.5.2
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 3.4.5.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.4.5.2.2
Factor out of .
Step 3.4.5.2.3
Cancel the common factor.
Step 3.4.5.2.4
Rewrite the expression.
Step 3.4.5.3
Combine and .
Step 3.4.5.4
Multiply by .
Step 3.4.5.5
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 3.4.6
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 3.4.7
Combine and .
Step 3.4.8
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 3.4.9
Simplify the numerator.
Step 3.4.9.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.4.9.2
Subtract from .
Step 3.4.10
Combine and .
Step 3.4.11
Combine and .
Step 3.4.12
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 3.4.12.1
Move .
Step 3.4.12.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.4.12.3
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 3.4.12.4
Write each expression with a common denominator of , by multiplying each by an appropriate factor of .
Step 3.4.12.4.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.4.12.4.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.4.12.5
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 3.4.12.6
Simplify the numerator.
Step 3.4.12.6.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.4.12.6.2
Add and .
Step 3.4.12.7
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 3.4.13
Move to the denominator using the negative exponent rule .
Step 3.4.14
Multiply by .
Step 3.4.15
Multiply by .
Step 3.4.16
Multiply by .
Step 3.5
Evaluate .
Step 3.5.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.5.2
Rewrite as .
Step 3.5.3
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 3.5.3.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 3.5.3.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.5.3.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 3.5.4
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.5.5
Multiply the exponents in .
Step 3.5.5.1
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 3.5.5.2
Multiply .
Step 3.5.5.2.1
Combine and .
Step 3.5.5.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.5.5.3
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 3.5.6
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 3.5.7
Combine and .
Step 3.5.8
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 3.5.9
Simplify the numerator.
Step 3.5.9.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.5.9.2
Subtract from .
Step 3.5.10
Combine and .
Step 3.5.11
Combine and .
Step 3.5.12
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 3.5.12.1
Move .
Step 3.5.12.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.5.12.3
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 3.5.12.4
Add and .
Step 3.5.12.5
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 3.5.13
Move to the denominator using the negative exponent rule .
Step 3.5.14
Multiply by .
Step 3.5.15
Multiply by .
Step 3.5.16
Multiply by .
Step 3.5.17
Multiply by .
Step 3.5.18
Multiply by .
Step 3.6
Reorder terms.