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Calculus Examples
Step 1
Step 1.1
Use the quadratic formula to find the solutions.
Step 1.2
Substitute the values , , and into the quadratic formula and solve for .
Step 1.3
Simplify.
Step 1.3.1
Simplify the numerator.
Step 1.3.1.1
Rewrite as .
Step 1.3.1.2
Since both terms are perfect squares, factor using the difference of squares formula, where and .
Step 1.3.1.3
Simplify.
Step 1.3.1.3.1
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.1.3.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.3.1.3.3
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.1.3.4
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.1.3.5
Add and .
Step 1.3.1.3.6
Add and .
Step 1.3.1.3.7
Combine exponents.
Step 1.3.1.3.7.1
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.1.3.7.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.1.4
Simplify each term.
Step 1.3.1.4.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.3.1.4.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.1.4.3
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.1.5
Subtract from .
Step 1.3.1.6
Factor out of .
Step 1.3.1.6.1
Factor out of .
Step 1.3.1.6.2
Factor out of .
Step 1.3.1.6.3
Factor out of .
Step 1.3.1.7
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.1.8
Rewrite as .
Step 1.3.1.8.1
Rewrite as .
Step 1.3.1.8.2
Add parentheses.
Step 1.3.1.9
Pull terms out from under the radical.
Step 1.3.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.3
Simplify .
Step 1.4
Simplify the expression to solve for the portion of the .
Step 1.4.1
Simplify the numerator.
Step 1.4.1.1
Rewrite as .
Step 1.4.1.2
Since both terms are perfect squares, factor using the difference of squares formula, where and .
Step 1.4.1.3
Simplify.
Step 1.4.1.3.1
Multiply by .
Step 1.4.1.3.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.4.1.3.3
Multiply by .
Step 1.4.1.3.4
Multiply by .
Step 1.4.1.3.5
Add and .
Step 1.4.1.3.6
Add and .
Step 1.4.1.3.7
Combine exponents.
Step 1.4.1.3.7.1
Multiply by .
Step 1.4.1.3.7.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.4.1.4
Simplify each term.
Step 1.4.1.4.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.4.1.4.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.4.1.4.3
Multiply by .
Step 1.4.1.5
Subtract from .
Step 1.4.1.6
Factor out of .
Step 1.4.1.6.1
Factor out of .
Step 1.4.1.6.2
Factor out of .
Step 1.4.1.6.3
Factor out of .
Step 1.4.1.7
Multiply by .
Step 1.4.1.8
Rewrite as .
Step 1.4.1.8.1
Rewrite as .
Step 1.4.1.8.2
Add parentheses.
Step 1.4.1.9
Pull terms out from under the radical.
Step 1.4.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.4.3
Simplify .
Step 1.4.4
Change the to .
Step 1.4.5
Factor out of .
Step 1.4.5.1
Factor out of .
Step 1.4.5.2
Factor out of .
Step 1.5
Simplify the expression to solve for the portion of the .
Step 1.5.1
Simplify the numerator.
Step 1.5.1.1
Rewrite as .
Step 1.5.1.2
Since both terms are perfect squares, factor using the difference of squares formula, where and .
Step 1.5.1.3
Simplify.
Step 1.5.1.3.1
Multiply by .
Step 1.5.1.3.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.5.1.3.3
Multiply by .
Step 1.5.1.3.4
Multiply by .
Step 1.5.1.3.5
Add and .
Step 1.5.1.3.6
Add and .
Step 1.5.1.3.7
Combine exponents.
Step 1.5.1.3.7.1
Multiply by .
Step 1.5.1.3.7.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.5.1.4
Simplify each term.
Step 1.5.1.4.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.5.1.4.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.5.1.4.3
Multiply by .
Step 1.5.1.5
Subtract from .
Step 1.5.1.6
Factor out of .
Step 1.5.1.6.1
Factor out of .
Step 1.5.1.6.2
Factor out of .
Step 1.5.1.6.3
Factor out of .
Step 1.5.1.7
Multiply by .
Step 1.5.1.8
Rewrite as .
Step 1.5.1.8.1
Rewrite as .
Step 1.5.1.8.2
Add parentheses.
Step 1.5.1.9
Pull terms out from under the radical.
Step 1.5.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.5.3
Simplify .
Step 1.5.4
Change the to .
Step 1.5.5
Factor out of .
Step 1.5.5.1
Factor out of .
Step 1.5.5.2
Factor out of .
Step 1.5.5.3
Factor out of .
Step 1.6
The final answer is the combination of both solutions.
Step 2
Set each solution of as a function of .
Step 3
Step 3.1
Differentiate both sides of the equation.
Step 3.2
Differentiate the left side of the equation.
Step 3.2.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.2.2
Evaluate .
Step 3.2.2.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.2.2.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.2.2.3
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.3
Evaluate .
Step 3.2.3.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.2.3.2
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 3.2.3.2.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 3.2.3.2.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.2.3.2.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 3.2.3.3
Rewrite as .
Step 3.2.3.4
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.4
Evaluate .
Step 3.2.4.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.2.4.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.2.4.3
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.5
Evaluate .
Step 3.2.5.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.2.5.2
Rewrite as .
Step 3.2.6
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.2.7
Simplify.
Step 3.2.7.1
Add and .
Step 3.2.7.2
Reorder terms.
Step 3.3
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.4
Reform the equation by setting the left side equal to the right side.
Step 3.5
Solve for .
Step 3.5.1
Move all terms not containing to the right side of the equation.
Step 3.5.1.1
Subtract from both sides of the equation.
Step 3.5.1.2
Subtract from both sides of the equation.
Step 3.5.2
Factor out of .
Step 3.5.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.5.2.2
Factor out of .
Step 3.5.2.3
Factor out of .
Step 3.5.3
Divide each term in by and simplify.
Step 3.5.3.1
Divide each term in by .
Step 3.5.3.2
Simplify the left side.
Step 3.5.3.2.1
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 3.5.3.2.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 3.5.3.2.1.2
Rewrite the expression.
Step 3.5.3.2.2
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 3.5.3.2.2.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 3.5.3.2.2.2
Divide by .
Step 3.5.3.3
Simplify the right side.
Step 3.5.3.3.1
Simplify each term.
Step 3.5.3.3.1.1
Cancel the common factor of and .
Step 3.5.3.3.1.1.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.5.3.3.1.1.2
Cancel the common factors.
Step 3.5.3.3.1.1.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.5.3.3.1.1.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 3.5.3.3.1.1.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 3.5.3.3.1.2
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 3.5.3.3.1.3
Cancel the common factor of and .
Step 3.5.3.3.1.3.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.5.3.3.1.3.2
Cancel the common factors.
Step 3.5.3.3.1.3.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.5.3.3.1.3.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 3.5.3.3.1.3.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 3.5.3.3.1.4
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 3.6
Replace with .
Step 4
Step 4.1
Add to both sides of the equation.
Step 4.2
Divide each term in by and simplify.
Step 4.2.1
Divide each term in by .
Step 4.2.2
Simplify the left side.
Step 4.2.2.1
Dividing two negative values results in a positive value.
Step 4.2.2.2
Divide by .
Step 4.2.3
Simplify the right side.
Step 4.2.3.1
Move the negative one from the denominator of .
Step 4.2.3.2
Rewrite as .
Step 4.3
Multiply both sides by .
Step 4.4
Simplify.
Step 4.4.1
Simplify the left side.
Step 4.4.1.1
Simplify .
Step 4.4.1.1.1
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 4.4.1.1.2
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 4.4.1.1.2.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 4.4.1.1.2.2
Rewrite the expression.
Step 4.4.1.1.3
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 4.4.1.1.3.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 4.4.1.1.3.2
Rewrite the expression.
Step 4.4.2
Simplify the right side.
Step 4.4.2.1
Simplify .
Step 4.4.2.1.1
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 4.4.2.1.1.1
Move the leading negative in into the numerator.
Step 4.4.2.1.1.2
Factor out of .
Step 4.4.2.1.1.3
Cancel the common factor.
Step 4.4.2.1.1.4
Rewrite the expression.
Step 4.4.2.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.5
Divide each term in by and simplify.
Step 4.5.1
Divide each term in by .
Step 4.5.2
Simplify the left side.
Step 4.5.2.1
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 4.5.2.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 4.5.2.1.2
Divide by .
Step 4.5.3
Simplify the right side.
Step 4.5.3.1
Divide by .
Step 5
Step 5.1
Replace the variable with in the expression.
Step 5.2
Simplify the result.
Step 5.2.1
Simplify the numerator.
Step 5.2.1.1
Multiply by .
Step 5.2.1.2
Subtract from .
Step 5.2.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 5.2.1.4
Rewrite as .
Step 5.2.1.5
Pull terms out from under the radical, assuming positive real numbers.
Step 5.2.1.6
Add and .
Step 5.2.2
Simplify the expression.
Step 5.2.2.1
Multiply by .
Step 5.2.2.2
Divide by .
Step 5.2.3
The final answer is .
Step 6
Step 6.1
Replace the variable with in the expression.
Step 6.2
Simplify the result.
Step 6.2.1
Simplify the numerator.
Step 6.2.1.1
Multiply by .
Step 6.2.1.2
Subtract from .
Step 6.2.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 6.2.1.4
Rewrite as .
Step 6.2.1.5
Pull terms out from under the radical, assuming positive real numbers.
Step 6.2.1.6
Multiply by .
Step 6.2.1.7
Subtract from .
Step 6.2.2
Simplify the expression.
Step 6.2.2.1
Multiply by .
Step 6.2.2.2
Divide by .
Step 6.2.3
The final answer is .
Step 7
The horizontal tangent lines are
Step 8