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Calculus Examples
Step 1
Step 1.1
Differentiate using the Quotient Rule which states that is where and .
Step 1.2
Differentiate.
Step 1.2.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.2.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.2.3
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.2.4
Simplify the expression.
Step 1.2.4.1
Add and .
Step 1.2.4.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.2.5
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.2.6
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.2.7
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.2.8
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.2.9
Multiply by .
Step 1.2.10
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.2.11
Add and .
Step 1.3
Simplify.
Step 1.3.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.3.2
Simplify the numerator.
Step 1.3.2.1
Simplify each term.
Step 1.3.2.1.1
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.2.1.2
Expand using the FOIL Method.
Step 1.3.2.1.2.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.3.2.1.2.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.3.2.1.2.3
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.3.2.1.3
Simplify and combine like terms.
Step 1.3.2.1.3.1
Simplify each term.
Step 1.3.2.1.3.1.1
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 1.3.2.1.3.1.2
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 1.3.2.1.3.1.2.1
Move .
Step 1.3.2.1.3.1.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.2.1.3.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.2.1.3.1.4
Multiply .
Step 1.3.2.1.3.1.4.1
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.2.1.3.1.4.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.2.1.3.1.5
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.2.1.3.1.6
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.2.1.3.2
Subtract from .
Step 1.3.2.2
Subtract from .
Step 1.3.2.3
Subtract from .
Step 1.3.2.4
Add and .
Step 1.3.3
Simplify the denominator.
Step 1.3.3.1
Factor using the AC method.
Step 1.3.3.1.1
Consider the form . Find a pair of integers whose product is and whose sum is . In this case, whose product is and whose sum is .
Step 1.3.3.1.2
Write the factored form using these integers.
Step 1.3.3.2
Apply the product rule to .
Step 1.3.4
Factor out of .
Step 1.3.5
Factor out of .
Step 1.3.6
Factor out of .
Step 1.3.7
Rewrite as .
Step 1.3.8
Factor out of .
Step 1.3.9
Rewrite as .
Step 1.3.10
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 2
Step 2.1
Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that is where and .
Step 2.2
Differentiate using the Quotient Rule which states that is where and .
Step 2.3
Differentiate.
Step 2.3.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.3.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.3.3
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.3.4
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.3.5
Multiply by .
Step 2.3.6
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.3.7
Add and .
Step 2.4
Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that is where and .
Step 2.5
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 2.5.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 2.5.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.5.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 2.6
Differentiate.
Step 2.6.1
Move to the left of .
Step 2.6.2
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.6.3
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.6.4
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.6.5
Simplify the expression.
Step 2.6.5.1
Add and .
Step 2.6.5.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.7
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 2.7.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 2.7.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.7.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 2.8
Differentiate.
Step 2.8.1
Move to the left of .
Step 2.8.2
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.8.3
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.8.4
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.8.5
Simplify the expression.
Step 2.8.5.1
Add and .
Step 2.8.5.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.8.6
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.8.7
Simplify the expression.
Step 2.8.7.1
Multiply by .
Step 2.8.7.2
Add and .
Step 2.9
Simplify.
Step 2.9.1
Apply the product rule to .
Step 2.9.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 2.9.3
Simplify the numerator.
Step 2.9.3.1
Rewrite as .
Step 2.9.3.2
Expand using the FOIL Method.
Step 2.9.3.2.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 2.9.3.2.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 2.9.3.2.3
Apply the distributive property.
Step 2.9.3.3
Simplify and combine like terms.
Step 2.9.3.3.1
Simplify each term.
Step 2.9.3.3.1.1
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.3.1.2
Move to the left of .
Step 2.9.3.3.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.3.2
Subtract from .
Step 2.9.3.4
Rewrite as .
Step 2.9.3.5
Expand using the FOIL Method.
Step 2.9.3.5.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 2.9.3.5.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 2.9.3.5.3
Apply the distributive property.
Step 2.9.3.6
Simplify and combine like terms.
Step 2.9.3.6.1
Simplify each term.
Step 2.9.3.6.1.1
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.6.1.2
Move to the left of .
Step 2.9.3.6.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.6.2
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.7
Expand by multiplying each term in the first expression by each term in the second expression.
Step 2.9.3.8
Simplify each term.
Step 2.9.3.8.1
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.9.3.8.1.1
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.9.3.8.1.2
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.8.2
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 2.9.3.8.3
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.9.3.8.3.1
Move .
Step 2.9.3.8.3.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.8.3.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 2.9.3.8.3.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.9.3.8.3.3
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.8.4
Move to the left of .
Step 2.9.3.8.5
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.9.3.8.5.1
Move .
Step 2.9.3.8.5.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.8.5.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 2.9.3.8.5.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.9.3.8.5.3
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.8.6
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 2.9.3.8.7
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.9.3.8.7.1
Move .
Step 2.9.3.8.7.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.8.8
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.8.9
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.8.10
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.8.11
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.9
Subtract from .
Step 2.9.3.10
Subtract from .
Step 2.9.3.11
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.12
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.13
Expand by multiplying each term in the first expression by each term in the second expression.
Step 2.9.3.14
Simplify each term.
Step 2.9.3.14.1
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 2.9.3.14.2
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.9.3.14.2.1
Move .
Step 2.9.3.14.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.14.2.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 2.9.3.14.2.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.9.3.14.2.3
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.14.3
Move to the left of .
Step 2.9.3.14.4
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 2.9.3.14.5
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.9.3.14.5.1
Move .
Step 2.9.3.14.5.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.14.5.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 2.9.3.14.5.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.9.3.14.5.3
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.14.6
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.14.7
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.14.8
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 2.9.3.14.9
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.9.3.14.9.1
Move .
Step 2.9.3.14.9.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.14.9.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 2.9.3.14.9.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.9.3.14.9.3
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.14.10
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.14.11
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.14.12
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 2.9.3.14.13
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.9.3.14.13.1
Move .
Step 2.9.3.14.13.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.14.14
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.14.15
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.14.16
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.14.17
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.15
Subtract from .
Step 2.9.3.16
Subtract from .
Step 2.9.3.17
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.18
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.19
Simplify each term.
Step 2.9.3.19.1
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.19.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.20
Simplify each term.
Step 2.9.3.20.1
Rewrite as .
Step 2.9.3.20.2
Expand using the FOIL Method.
Step 2.9.3.20.2.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 2.9.3.20.2.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 2.9.3.20.2.3
Apply the distributive property.
Step 2.9.3.20.3
Simplify and combine like terms.
Step 2.9.3.20.3.1
Simplify each term.
Step 2.9.3.20.3.1.1
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.20.3.1.2
Move to the left of .
Step 2.9.3.20.3.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.20.3.2
Subtract from .
Step 2.9.3.20.4
Apply the distributive property.
Step 2.9.3.20.5
Simplify.
Step 2.9.3.20.5.1
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.20.5.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.20.6
Expand by multiplying each term in the first expression by each term in the second expression.
Step 2.9.3.20.7
Simplify each term.
Step 2.9.3.20.7.1
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.9.3.20.7.1.1
Move .
Step 2.9.3.20.7.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.20.7.1.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 2.9.3.20.7.1.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.9.3.20.7.1.3
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.20.7.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.20.7.3
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.9.3.20.7.3.1
Move .
Step 2.9.3.20.7.3.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.20.7.4
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.20.7.5
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.20.8
Subtract from .
Step 2.9.3.20.9
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.20.10
Rewrite as .
Step 2.9.3.20.11
Expand using the FOIL Method.
Step 2.9.3.20.11.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 2.9.3.20.11.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 2.9.3.20.11.3
Apply the distributive property.
Step 2.9.3.20.12
Simplify and combine like terms.
Step 2.9.3.20.12.1
Simplify each term.
Step 2.9.3.20.12.1.1
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.20.12.1.2
Move to the left of .
Step 2.9.3.20.12.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.20.12.2
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.20.13
Apply the distributive property.
Step 2.9.3.20.14
Simplify.
Step 2.9.3.20.14.1
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.20.14.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.20.15
Expand by multiplying each term in the first expression by each term in the second expression.
Step 2.9.3.20.16
Simplify each term.
Step 2.9.3.20.16.1
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.9.3.20.16.1.1
Move .
Step 2.9.3.20.16.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.20.16.1.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 2.9.3.20.16.1.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.9.3.20.16.1.3
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.20.16.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.20.16.3
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.9.3.20.16.3.1
Move .
Step 2.9.3.20.16.3.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.20.16.4
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.20.16.5
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.20.17
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.20.18
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.21
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.22
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.23
Subtract from .
Step 2.9.3.24
Subtract from .
Step 2.9.3.25
Expand by multiplying each term in the first expression by each term in the second expression.
Step 2.9.3.26
Simplify each term.
Step 2.9.3.26.1
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 2.9.3.26.2
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.9.3.26.2.1
Move .
Step 2.9.3.26.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.9.3.26.2.3
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.26.3
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.26.4
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 2.9.3.26.5
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.9.3.26.5.1
Move .
Step 2.9.3.26.5.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.9.3.26.5.3
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.26.6
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.26.7
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 2.9.3.26.8
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.9.3.26.8.1
Move .
Step 2.9.3.26.8.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.26.8.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 2.9.3.26.8.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.9.3.26.8.3
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.26.9
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.26.10
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.26.11
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 2.9.3.26.12
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.9.3.26.12.1
Move .
Step 2.9.3.26.12.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.26.12.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 2.9.3.26.12.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.9.3.26.12.3
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.26.13
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.26.14
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 2.9.3.26.15
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.9.3.26.15.1
Move .
Step 2.9.3.26.15.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.26.15.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 2.9.3.26.15.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.9.3.26.15.3
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.26.16
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.26.17
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 2.9.3.26.18
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.9.3.26.18.1
Move .
Step 2.9.3.26.18.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.26.19
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.26.20
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.26.21
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.26.22
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.26.23
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.26.24
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.3.27
Subtract from .
Step 2.9.3.28
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.29
Subtract from .
Step 2.9.3.30
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.31
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.32
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.33
Subtract from .
Step 2.9.3.34
Subtract from .
Step 2.9.3.35
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.36
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.37
Add and .
Step 2.9.3.38
Subtract from .
Step 2.9.3.39
Factor out of .
Step 2.9.3.39.1
Factor out of .
Step 2.9.3.39.2
Factor out of .
Step 2.9.3.39.3
Factor out of .
Step 2.9.3.39.4
Factor out of .
Step 2.9.3.39.5
Factor out of .
Step 2.9.3.39.6
Factor out of .
Step 2.9.3.39.7
Factor out of .
Step 2.9.3.39.8
Factor out of .
Step 2.9.3.39.9
Factor out of .
Step 2.9.3.39.10
Factor out of .
Step 2.9.3.39.11
Factor out of .
Step 2.9.4
Combine terms.
Step 2.9.4.1
Multiply the exponents in .
Step 2.9.4.1.1
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 2.9.4.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.4.2
Multiply the exponents in .
Step 2.9.4.2.1
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 2.9.4.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.5
Factor out of .
Step 2.9.6
Factor out of .
Step 2.9.7
Factor out of .
Step 2.9.8
Factor out of .
Step 2.9.9
Factor out of .
Step 2.9.10
Factor out of .
Step 2.9.11
Factor out of .
Step 2.9.12
Factor out of .
Step 2.9.13
Factor out of .
Step 2.9.14
Rewrite as .
Step 2.9.15
Factor out of .
Step 2.9.16
Rewrite as .
Step 2.9.17
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 2.9.18
Multiply by .
Step 2.9.19
Multiply by .
Step 3
To find the local maximum and minimum values of the function, set the derivative equal to and solve.
Step 4
Since there is no value of that makes the first derivative equal to , there are no local extrema.
No Local Extrema
Step 5
No Local Extrema