Calculus Examples

Find the Local Maxima and Minima y=-145/2*cos(h(x))+143/2*sin(h(x))
Step 1
Write as a function.
Step 2
Find the first derivative of the function.
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Step 2.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.2
Evaluate .
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Step 2.2.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.2.2
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
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Step 2.2.2.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 2.2.2.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.2.3
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.2.4
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.2.5
Multiply by .
Step 2.2.6
Multiply by .
Step 2.2.7
Multiply by .
Step 2.2.8
Combine and .
Step 2.2.9
Combine and .
Step 2.2.10
Move to the left of .
Step 2.3
Evaluate .
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Step 2.3.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.3.2
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
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Step 2.3.2.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 2.3.2.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.3.3
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.3.4
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.3.5
Multiply by .
Step 2.3.6
Combine and .
Step 2.3.7
Combine and .
Step 2.3.8
Move to the left of .
Step 2.4
Reorder factors in .
Step 3
Find the second derivative of the function.
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Step 3.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.2
Evaluate .
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Step 3.2.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.2.2
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
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Step 3.2.2.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 3.2.2.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.2.2.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 3.2.3
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.2.4
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.2.5
Multiply by .
Step 3.2.6
Combine and .
Step 3.2.7
Combine and .
Step 3.2.8
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.2.9
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.2.10
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.2.11
Add and .
Step 3.3
Evaluate .
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Step 3.3.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.3.2
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
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Step 3.3.2.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 3.3.2.2
The derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.3.2.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 3.3.3
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.3.4
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.3.5
Multiply by .
Step 3.3.6
Combine and .
Step 3.3.7
Combine and .
Step 3.3.8
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.3.9
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.3.10
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.3.11
Add and .
Step 3.4
Simplify.
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Step 3.4.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 3.4.1.1
Simplify the numerator.
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Step 3.4.1.1.1
Rewrite.
Step 3.4.1.1.2
Add and .
Step 3.4.1.1.3
Remove unnecessary parentheses.
Step 3.4.1.2
Move to the left of .
Step 3.4.2
Reorder factors in .
Step 4
To find the local maximum and minimum values of the function, set the derivative equal to and solve.
Step 5
Divide each term in the equation by .
Step 6
Separate fractions.
Step 7
Convert from to .
Step 8
Divide by .
Step 9
Combine and .
Step 10
Separate fractions.
Step 11
Convert from to .
Step 12
Divide by .
Step 13
Combine and .
Step 14
Separate fractions.
Step 15
Convert from to .
Step 16
Divide by .
Step 17
Multiply by .
Step 18
Divide each term in the equation by .
Step 19
Multiply the numerator by the reciprocal of the denominator.
Step 20
Simplify the numerator.
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Step 20.1
Rewrite in terms of sines and cosines.
Step 20.2
Combine exponents.
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Step 20.2.1
Combine and .
Step 20.2.2
Combine and .
Step 20.2.3
Combine and .
Step 21
Multiply the numerator by the reciprocal of the denominator.
Step 22
Multiply by .
Step 23
Move to the left of .
Step 24
Multiply .
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Step 24.1
Multiply by .
Step 24.2
Raise to the power of .
Step 24.3
Raise to the power of .
Step 24.4
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 24.5
Add and .
Step 25
Factor out of .
Step 26
Separate fractions.
Step 27
Convert from to .
Step 28
Combine and .
Step 29
Separate fractions.
Step 30
Rewrite in terms of sines and cosines.
Step 31
Rewrite as a product.
Step 32
Simplify.
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Step 32.1
Convert from to .
Step 32.2
Convert from to .
Step 33
Multiply .
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Step 33.1
Combine and .
Step 33.2
Combine and .
Step 34
Remove unnecessary parentheses.
Step 35
Simplify the expression.
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Step 35.1
Move to the left of .
Step 35.2
Reorder factors in .
Step 36
Multiply the numerator by the reciprocal of the denominator.
Step 37
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 37.1
Factor out of .
Step 37.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 37.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 38
Simplify the numerator.
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Step 38.1
Rewrite in terms of sines and cosines.
Step 38.2
Combine exponents.
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Step 38.2.1
Combine and .
Step 38.2.2
Combine and .
Step 38.3
Move to the left of .
Step 39
Multiply the numerator by the reciprocal of the denominator.
Step 40
Multiply by .
Step 41
Move to the left of .
Step 42
Replace with an equivalent expression in the numerator.
Step 43
Multiply by .
Step 44
Separate fractions.
Step 45
Convert from to .
Step 46
Divide by .
Step 47
Multiply by .
Step 48
Multiply both sides by .
Step 49
Simplify.
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Step 49.1
Simplify the left side.
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Step 49.1.1
Simplify .
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Step 49.1.1.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 49.1.1.1.1
Simplify the numerator.
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Step 49.1.1.1.1.1
Rewrite in terms of sines and cosines.
Step 49.1.1.1.1.2
Rewrite in terms of sines and cosines.
Step 49.1.1.1.1.3
Combine exponents.
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Step 49.1.1.1.1.3.1
Combine and .
Step 49.1.1.1.1.3.2
Combine and .
Step 49.1.1.1.1.3.3
Multiply by .
Step 49.1.1.1.1.3.4
Raise to the power of .
Step 49.1.1.1.1.3.5
Raise to the power of .
Step 49.1.1.1.1.3.6
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 49.1.1.1.1.3.7
Add and .
Step 49.1.1.1.1.4
Rewrite.
Step 49.1.1.1.1.5
Multiply by .
Step 49.1.1.1.1.6
Remove unnecessary parentheses.
Step 49.1.1.1.1.7
Move to the left of .
Step 49.1.1.1.2
Multiply the numerator by the reciprocal of the denominator.
Step 49.1.1.1.3
Combine.
Step 49.1.1.1.4
Multiply by .
Step 49.1.1.1.5
Move to the left of .
Step 49.1.1.1.6
Simplify the numerator.
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Step 49.1.1.1.6.1
Rewrite in terms of sines and cosines.
Step 49.1.1.1.6.2
Combine exponents.
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Step 49.1.1.1.6.2.1
Combine and .
Step 49.1.1.1.6.2.2
Combine and .
Step 49.1.1.1.6.3
Move to the left of .
Step 49.1.1.1.7
Multiply the numerator by the reciprocal of the denominator.
Step 49.1.1.1.8
Multiply by .
Step 49.1.1.1.9
Move to the left of .
Step 49.1.1.2
Simplify terms.
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Step 49.1.1.2.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 49.1.1.2.2
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 49.1.1.2.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 49.1.1.2.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 49.1.1.2.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 49.1.1.2.3
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 49.1.1.2.3.1
Factor out of .
Step 49.1.1.2.3.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 49.1.1.2.3.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 49.1.1.3
Simplify each term.
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Step 49.1.1.3.1
Separate fractions.
Step 49.1.1.3.2
Convert from to .
Step 49.1.1.3.3
Combine and .
Step 49.1.1.4
Reorder and .
Step 49.2
Simplify the right side.
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Step 49.2.1
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 49.2.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 49.2.1.2
Rewrite the expression.
Step 50
Solve for .
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Step 50.1
Subtract from both sides of the equation.
Step 50.2
Since the expression on each side of the equation has the same denominator, the numerators must be equal.
Step 50.3
Divide each term in by and simplify.
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Step 50.3.1
Divide each term in by .
Step 50.3.2
Simplify the left side.
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Step 50.3.2.1
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 50.3.2.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 50.3.2.1.2
Rewrite the expression.
Step 50.3.2.2
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 50.3.2.2.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 50.3.2.2.2
Divide by .
Step 50.3.3
Simplify the right side.
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Step 50.3.3.1
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 50.3.3.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 50.3.3.1.2
Rewrite the expression.
Step 50.3.3.2
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 50.4
Take the inverse tangent of both sides of the equation to extract from inside the tangent.
Step 50.5
Simplify the right side.
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Step 50.5.1
Evaluate .
Step 50.6
Divide each term in by and simplify.
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Step 50.6.1
Divide each term in by .
Step 50.6.2
Simplify the left side.
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Step 50.6.2.1
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 50.6.2.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 50.6.2.1.2
Divide by .
Step 50.6.3
Simplify the right side.
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Step 50.6.3.1
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 50.7
The tangent function is negative in the second and fourth quadrants. To find the second solution, subtract the reference angle from to find the solution in the third quadrant.
Step 50.8
Add to .
Step 50.9
The resulting angle of is positive and coterminal with .
Step 50.10
Divide each term in by and simplify.
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Step 50.10.1
Divide each term in by .
Step 50.10.2
Simplify the left side.
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Step 50.10.2.1
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 50.10.2.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 50.10.2.1.2
Divide by .
Step 51
Evaluate the second derivative at . If the second derivative is positive, then this is a local minimum. If it is negative, then this is a local maximum.
Step 52
Evaluate the second derivative.
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Step 52.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 52.1.1
Simplify the numerator.
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Step 52.1.1.1
Combine and .
Step 52.1.1.2
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 52.1.1.2.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 52.1.1.2.2
Divide by .
Step 52.1.1.3
Evaluate .
Step 52.1.1.4
Multiply by .
Step 52.1.2
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 52.1.3
Factor out of .
Step 52.1.4
Factor out of .
Step 52.1.5
Separate fractions.
Step 52.1.6
Divide by .
Step 52.1.7
Divide by .
Step 52.1.8
Multiply by .
Step 52.1.9
Simplify the numerator.
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Step 52.1.9.1
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 52.1.9.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 52.1.9.1.2
Rewrite the expression.
Step 52.1.9.2
Evaluate .
Step 52.1.9.3
Multiply by .
Step 52.1.10
Factor out of .
Step 52.1.11
Factor out of .
Step 52.1.12
Separate fractions.
Step 52.1.13
Divide by .
Step 52.1.14
Divide by .
Step 52.1.15
Multiply by .
Step 52.2
Subtract from .
Step 53
Since the first derivative test failed, there are no local extrema.
No Local Extrema
Step 54