Calculus Examples

Find the Local Maxima and Minima f(x)=x^3(x-2)^2(x+5)
Step 1
Find the first derivative of the function.
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Step 1.1
Rewrite as .
Step 1.2
Expand using the FOIL Method.
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Step 1.2.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.2.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.2.3
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.3
Simplify and combine like terms.
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Step 1.3.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 1.3.1.1
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.1.2
Move to the left of .
Step 1.3.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.2
Subtract from .
Step 1.4
Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that is where and .
Step 1.5
Differentiate.
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Step 1.5.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.5.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.5.3
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.5.4
Simplify the expression.
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Step 1.5.4.1
Add and .
Step 1.5.4.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.6
Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that is where and .
Step 1.7
Differentiate.
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Step 1.7.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.7.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.7.3
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.7.4
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.7.5
Multiply by .
Step 1.7.6
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.7.7
Add and .
Step 1.7.8
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.7.9
Move to the left of .
Step 1.8
Simplify.
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Step 1.8.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.8.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.8.3
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.8.4
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.8.5
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.8.6
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.8.7
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.8.8
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.8.9
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.8.10
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.8.11
Combine terms.
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Step 1.8.11.1
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 1.8.11.1.1
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.11.1.2
Add and .
Step 1.8.11.2
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 1.8.11.2.1
Move .
Step 1.8.11.2.2
Multiply by .
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Step 1.8.11.2.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.8.11.2.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.11.2.3
Add and .
Step 1.8.11.3
Move to the left of .
Step 1.8.11.4
Move to the left of .
Step 1.8.11.5
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 1.8.11.5.1
Move .
Step 1.8.11.5.2
Multiply by .
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Step 1.8.11.5.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.8.11.5.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.11.5.3
Add and .
Step 1.8.11.6
Move to the left of .
Step 1.8.11.7
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.8.11.8
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.11.9
Add and .
Step 1.8.11.10
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 1.8.11.10.1
Move .
Step 1.8.11.10.2
Multiply by .
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Step 1.8.11.10.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.8.11.10.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.11.10.3
Add and .
Step 1.8.11.11
Move to the left of .
Step 1.8.11.12
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.11.13
Move to the left of .
Step 1.8.11.14
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.8.11.15
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.11.16
Add and .
Step 1.8.11.17
Move to the left of .
Step 1.8.11.18
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.11.19
Subtract from .
Step 1.8.11.20
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 1.8.11.20.1
Move .
Step 1.8.11.20.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.11.20.3
Add and .
Step 1.8.11.21
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.8.11.22
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.11.23
Add and .
Step 1.8.11.24
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 1.8.11.24.1
Move .
Step 1.8.11.24.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.11.24.3
Add and .
Step 1.8.11.25
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.11.26
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.11.27
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 1.8.11.27.1
Move .
Step 1.8.11.27.2
Multiply by .
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Step 1.8.11.27.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.8.11.27.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.11.27.3
Add and .
Step 1.8.11.28
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.8.11.29
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.11.30
Add and .
Step 1.8.11.31
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.11.32
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 1.8.11.32.1
Move .
Step 1.8.11.32.2
Multiply by .
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Step 1.8.11.32.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.8.11.32.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.11.32.3
Add and .
Step 1.8.11.33
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.11.34
Subtract from .
Step 1.8.11.35
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.11.36
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.8.11.37
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 1.8.11.38
Add and .
Step 1.8.11.39
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.11.40
Multiply by .
Step 1.8.11.41
Add and .
Step 1.8.11.42
Add and .
Step 1.8.11.43
Add and .
Step 1.8.11.44
Subtract from .
Step 1.8.11.45
Add and .
Step 1.8.11.46
Add and .
Step 1.8.11.47
Subtract from .
Step 2
Find the second derivative of the function.
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Step 2.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.2
Evaluate .
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Step 2.2.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.2.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.2.3
Multiply by .
Step 2.3
Evaluate .
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Step 2.3.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.3.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.3.3
Multiply by .
Step 2.4
Evaluate .
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Step 2.4.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.4.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.4.3
Multiply by .
Step 2.5
Evaluate .
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Step 2.5.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.5.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.5.3
Multiply by .
Step 3
To find the local maximum and minimum values of the function, set the derivative equal to and solve.
Step 4
Find the first derivative.
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Step 4.1
Find the first derivative.
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Step 4.1.1
Rewrite as .
Step 4.1.2
Expand using the FOIL Method.
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Step 4.1.2.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 4.1.2.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 4.1.2.3
Apply the distributive property.
Step 4.1.3
Simplify and combine like terms.
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Step 4.1.3.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 4.1.3.1.1
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.3.1.2
Move to the left of .
Step 4.1.3.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.3.2
Subtract from .
Step 4.1.4
Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that is where and .
Step 4.1.5
Differentiate.
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Step 4.1.5.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.1.5.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 4.1.5.3
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.1.5.4
Simplify the expression.
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Step 4.1.5.4.1
Add and .
Step 4.1.5.4.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.6
Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that is where and .
Step 4.1.7
Differentiate.
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Step 4.1.7.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.1.7.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 4.1.7.3
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.1.7.4
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 4.1.7.5
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.7.6
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.1.7.7
Add and .
Step 4.1.7.8
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 4.1.7.9
Move to the left of .
Step 4.1.8
Simplify.
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Step 4.1.8.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 4.1.8.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 4.1.8.3
Apply the distributive property.
Step 4.1.8.4
Apply the distributive property.
Step 4.1.8.5
Apply the distributive property.
Step 4.1.8.6
Apply the distributive property.
Step 4.1.8.7
Apply the distributive property.
Step 4.1.8.8
Apply the distributive property.
Step 4.1.8.9
Apply the distributive property.
Step 4.1.8.10
Apply the distributive property.
Step 4.1.8.11
Combine terms.
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Step 4.1.8.11.1
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 4.1.8.11.1.1
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.1.8.11.1.2
Add and .
Step 4.1.8.11.2
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 4.1.8.11.2.1
Move .
Step 4.1.8.11.2.2
Multiply by .
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Step 4.1.8.11.2.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.1.8.11.2.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.1.8.11.2.3
Add and .
Step 4.1.8.11.3
Move to the left of .
Step 4.1.8.11.4
Move to the left of .
Step 4.1.8.11.5
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 4.1.8.11.5.1
Move .
Step 4.1.8.11.5.2
Multiply by .
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Step 4.1.8.11.5.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.1.8.11.5.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.1.8.11.5.3
Add and .
Step 4.1.8.11.6
Move to the left of .
Step 4.1.8.11.7
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.1.8.11.8
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.1.8.11.9
Add and .
Step 4.1.8.11.10
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 4.1.8.11.10.1
Move .
Step 4.1.8.11.10.2
Multiply by .
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Step 4.1.8.11.10.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.1.8.11.10.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.1.8.11.10.3
Add and .
Step 4.1.8.11.11
Move to the left of .
Step 4.1.8.11.12
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.8.11.13
Move to the left of .
Step 4.1.8.11.14
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.1.8.11.15
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.1.8.11.16
Add and .
Step 4.1.8.11.17
Move to the left of .
Step 4.1.8.11.18
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.8.11.19
Subtract from .
Step 4.1.8.11.20
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 4.1.8.11.20.1
Move .
Step 4.1.8.11.20.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.1.8.11.20.3
Add and .
Step 4.1.8.11.21
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.1.8.11.22
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.1.8.11.23
Add and .
Step 4.1.8.11.24
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 4.1.8.11.24.1
Move .
Step 4.1.8.11.24.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.1.8.11.24.3
Add and .
Step 4.1.8.11.25
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.8.11.26
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.8.11.27
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 4.1.8.11.27.1
Move .
Step 4.1.8.11.27.2
Multiply by .
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Step 4.1.8.11.27.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.1.8.11.27.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.1.8.11.27.3
Add and .
Step 4.1.8.11.28
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.1.8.11.29
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.1.8.11.30
Add and .
Step 4.1.8.11.31
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.8.11.32
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
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Step 4.1.8.11.32.1
Move .
Step 4.1.8.11.32.2
Multiply by .
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Step 4.1.8.11.32.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.1.8.11.32.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.1.8.11.32.3
Add and .
Step 4.1.8.11.33
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.8.11.34
Subtract from .
Step 4.1.8.11.35
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.8.11.36
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.1.8.11.37
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.1.8.11.38
Add and .
Step 4.1.8.11.39
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.8.11.40
Multiply by .
Step 4.1.8.11.41
Add and .
Step 4.1.8.11.42
Add and .
Step 4.1.8.11.43
Add and .
Step 4.1.8.11.44
Subtract from .
Step 4.1.8.11.45
Add and .
Step 4.1.8.11.46
Add and .
Step 4.1.8.11.47
Subtract from .
Step 4.2
The first derivative of with respect to is .
Step 5
Set the first derivative equal to then solve the equation .
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Step 5.1
Set the first derivative equal to .
Step 5.2
Factor the left side of the equation.
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Step 5.2.1
Factor out of .
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Step 5.2.1.1
Factor out of .
Step 5.2.1.2
Factor out of .
Step 5.2.1.3
Factor out of .
Step 5.2.1.4
Factor out of .
Step 5.2.1.5
Factor out of .
Step 5.2.1.6
Factor out of .
Step 5.2.1.7
Factor out of .
Step 5.2.2
Factor.
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Step 5.2.2.1
Factor using the rational roots test.
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Step 5.2.2.1.1
If a polynomial function has integer coefficients, then every rational zero will have the form where is a factor of the constant and is a factor of the leading coefficient.
Step 5.2.2.1.2
Find every combination of . These are the possible roots of the polynomial function.
Step 5.2.2.1.3
Substitute and simplify the expression. In this case, the expression is equal to so is a root of the polynomial.
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Step 5.2.2.1.3.1
Substitute into the polynomial.
Step 5.2.2.1.3.2
Raise to the power of .
Step 5.2.2.1.3.3
Multiply by .
Step 5.2.2.1.3.4
Raise to the power of .
Step 5.2.2.1.3.5
Multiply by .
Step 5.2.2.1.3.6
Add and .
Step 5.2.2.1.3.7
Multiply by .
Step 5.2.2.1.3.8
Subtract from .
Step 5.2.2.1.3.9
Add and .
Step 5.2.2.1.4
Since is a known root, divide the polynomial by to find the quotient polynomial. This polynomial can then be used to find the remaining roots.
Step 5.2.2.1.5
Divide by .
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Step 5.2.2.1.5.1
Set up the polynomials to be divided. If there is not a term for every exponent, insert one with a value of .
-+-+
Step 5.2.2.1.5.2
Divide the highest order term in the dividend by the highest order term in divisor .
-+-+
Step 5.2.2.1.5.3
Multiply the new quotient term by the divisor.
-+-+
+-
Step 5.2.2.1.5.4
The expression needs to be subtracted from the dividend, so change all the signs in
-+-+
-+
Step 5.2.2.1.5.5
After changing the signs, add the last dividend from the multiplied polynomial to find the new dividend.
-+-+
-+
+
Step 5.2.2.1.5.6
Pull the next terms from the original dividend down into the current dividend.
-+-+
-+
+-
Step 5.2.2.1.5.7
Divide the highest order term in the dividend by the highest order term in divisor .
+
-+-+
-+
+-
Step 5.2.2.1.5.8
Multiply the new quotient term by the divisor.
+
-+-+
-+
+-
+-
Step 5.2.2.1.5.9
The expression needs to be subtracted from the dividend, so change all the signs in
+
-+-+
-+
+-
-+
Step 5.2.2.1.5.10
After changing the signs, add the last dividend from the multiplied polynomial to find the new dividend.
+
-+-+
-+
+-
-+
-
Step 5.2.2.1.5.11
Pull the next terms from the original dividend down into the current dividend.
+
-+-+
-+
+-
-+
-+
Step 5.2.2.1.5.12
Divide the highest order term in the dividend by the highest order term in divisor .
+-
-+-+
-+
+-
-+
-+
Step 5.2.2.1.5.13
Multiply the new quotient term by the divisor.
+-
-+-+
-+
+-
-+
-+
-+
Step 5.2.2.1.5.14
The expression needs to be subtracted from the dividend, so change all the signs in
+-
-+-+
-+
+-
-+
-+
+-
Step 5.2.2.1.5.15
After changing the signs, add the last dividend from the multiplied polynomial to find the new dividend.
+-
-+-+
-+
+-
-+
-+
+-
Step 5.2.2.1.5.16
Since the remander is , the final answer is the quotient.
Step 5.2.2.1.6
Write as a set of factors.
Step 5.2.2.2
Remove unnecessary parentheses.
Step 5.3
If any individual factor on the left side of the equation is equal to , the entire expression will be equal to .
Step 5.4
Set equal to and solve for .
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Step 5.4.1
Set equal to .
Step 5.4.2
Solve for .
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Step 5.4.2.1
Take the specified root of both sides of the equation to eliminate the exponent on the left side.
Step 5.4.2.2
Simplify .
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Step 5.4.2.2.1
Rewrite as .
Step 5.4.2.2.2
Pull terms out from under the radical, assuming positive real numbers.
Step 5.4.2.2.3
Plus or minus is .
Step 5.5
Set equal to and solve for .
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Step 5.5.1
Set equal to .
Step 5.5.2
Add to both sides of the equation.
Step 5.6
Set equal to and solve for .
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Step 5.6.1
Set equal to .
Step 5.6.2
Solve for .
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Step 5.6.2.1
Use the quadratic formula to find the solutions.
Step 5.6.2.2
Substitute the values , , and into the quadratic formula and solve for .
Step 5.6.2.3
Simplify.
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Step 5.6.2.3.1
Simplify the numerator.
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Step 5.6.2.3.1.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 5.6.2.3.1.2
Multiply .
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Step 5.6.2.3.1.2.1
Multiply by .
Step 5.6.2.3.1.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 5.6.2.3.1.3
Add and .
Step 5.6.2.3.2
Multiply by .
Step 5.6.2.4
Simplify the expression to solve for the portion of the .
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Step 5.6.2.4.1
Simplify the numerator.
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Step 5.6.2.4.1.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 5.6.2.4.1.2
Multiply .
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Step 5.6.2.4.1.2.1
Multiply by .
Step 5.6.2.4.1.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 5.6.2.4.1.3
Add and .
Step 5.6.2.4.2
Multiply by .
Step 5.6.2.4.3
Change the to .
Step 5.6.2.4.4
Rewrite as .
Step 5.6.2.4.5
Factor out of .
Step 5.6.2.4.6
Factor out of .
Step 5.6.2.4.7
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 5.6.2.5
Simplify the expression to solve for the portion of the .
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Step 5.6.2.5.1
Simplify the numerator.
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Step 5.6.2.5.1.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 5.6.2.5.1.2
Multiply .
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Step 5.6.2.5.1.2.1
Multiply by .
Step 5.6.2.5.1.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 5.6.2.5.1.3
Add and .
Step 5.6.2.5.2
Multiply by .
Step 5.6.2.5.3
Change the to .
Step 5.6.2.5.4
Rewrite as .
Step 5.6.2.5.5
Factor out of .
Step 5.6.2.5.6
Factor out of .
Step 5.6.2.5.7
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 5.6.2.6
The final answer is the combination of both solutions.
Step 5.7
The final solution is all the values that make true.
Step 6
Find the values where the derivative is undefined.
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Step 6.1
The domain of the expression is all real numbers except where the expression is undefined. In this case, there is no real number that makes the expression undefined.
Step 7
Critical points to evaluate.
Step 8
Evaluate the second derivative at . If the second derivative is positive, then this is a local minimum. If it is negative, then this is a local maximum.
Step 9
Evaluate the second derivative.
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Step 9.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 9.1.1
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 9.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 9.1.3
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 9.1.4
Multiply by .
Step 9.1.5
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 9.1.6
Multiply by .
Step 9.1.7
Multiply by .
Step 9.2
Simplify by adding numbers.
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Step 9.2.1
Add and .
Step 9.2.2
Add and .
Step 9.2.3
Add and .
Step 10
Since there is at least one point with or undefined second derivative, apply the first derivative test.
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Step 10.1
Split into separate intervals around the values that make the first derivative or undefined.
Step 10.2
Substitute any number, such as , from the interval in the first derivative to check if the result is negative or positive.
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Step 10.2.1
Replace the variable with in the expression.
Step 10.2.2
Simplify the result.
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Step 10.2.2.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 10.2.2.1.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 10.2.2.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 10.2.2.1.3
Raise to the power of .
Step 10.2.2.1.4
Multiply by .
Step 10.2.2.1.5
Raise to the power of .
Step 10.2.2.1.6
Multiply by .
Step 10.2.2.1.7
Raise to the power of .
Step 10.2.2.1.8
Multiply by .
Step 10.2.2.2
Simplify by adding numbers.
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Step 10.2.2.2.1
Add and .
Step 10.2.2.2.2
Add and .
Step 10.2.2.2.3
Add and .
Step 10.2.2.3
The final answer is .
Step 10.3
Substitute any number, such as , from the interval in the first derivative to check if the result is negative or positive.
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Step 10.3.1
Replace the variable with in the expression.
Step 10.3.2
Simplify the result.
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Step 10.3.2.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 10.3.2.1.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 10.3.2.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 10.3.2.1.3
Raise to the power of .
Step 10.3.2.1.4
Multiply by .
Step 10.3.2.1.5
Raise to the power of .
Step 10.3.2.1.6
Multiply by .
Step 10.3.2.1.7
Raise to the power of .
Step 10.3.2.1.8
Multiply by .
Step 10.3.2.2
Simplify by adding numbers.
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Step 10.3.2.2.1
Add and .
Step 10.3.2.2.2
Add and .
Step 10.3.2.2.3
Add and .
Step 10.3.2.3
The final answer is .
Step 10.4
Substitute any number, such as , from the interval in the first derivative to check if the result is negative or positive.
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Step 10.4.1
Replace the variable with in the expression.
Step 10.4.2
Simplify the result.
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Step 10.4.2.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 10.4.2.1.1
One to any power is one.
Step 10.4.2.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 10.4.2.1.3
One to any power is one.
Step 10.4.2.1.4
Multiply by .
Step 10.4.2.1.5
One to any power is one.
Step 10.4.2.1.6
Multiply by .
Step 10.4.2.1.7
One to any power is one.
Step 10.4.2.1.8
Multiply by .
Step 10.4.2.2
Simplify by adding and subtracting.
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Step 10.4.2.2.1
Add and .
Step 10.4.2.2.2
Subtract from .
Step 10.4.2.2.3
Add and .
Step 10.4.2.3
The final answer is .
Step 10.5
Substitute any number, such as , from the interval in the first derivative to check if the result is negative or positive.
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Step 10.5.1
Replace the variable with in the expression.
Step 10.5.2
Simplify the result.
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Step 10.5.2.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 10.5.2.1.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 10.5.2.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 10.5.2.1.3
Raise to the power of .
Step 10.5.2.1.4
Multiply by .
Step 10.5.2.1.5
Raise to the power of .
Step 10.5.2.1.6
Multiply by .
Step 10.5.2.1.7
Raise to the power of .
Step 10.5.2.1.8
Multiply by .
Step 10.5.2.2
Simplify by adding and subtracting.
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Step 10.5.2.2.1
Add and .
Step 10.5.2.2.2
Subtract from .
Step 10.5.2.2.3
Add and .
Step 10.5.2.3
The final answer is .
Step 10.6
Substitute any number, such as , from the interval in the first derivative to check if the result is negative or positive.
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Step 10.6.1
Replace the variable with in the expression.
Step 10.6.2
Simplify the result.
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Step 10.6.2.1
Simplify each term.
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Step 10.6.2.1.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 10.6.2.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 10.6.2.1.3
Raise to the power of .
Step 10.6.2.1.4
Multiply by .
Step 10.6.2.1.5
Raise to the power of .
Step 10.6.2.1.6
Multiply by .
Step 10.6.2.1.7
Raise to the power of .
Step 10.6.2.1.8
Multiply by .
Step 10.6.2.2
Simplify by adding and subtracting.
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Step 10.6.2.2.1
Add and .
Step 10.6.2.2.2
Subtract from .
Step 10.6.2.2.3
Add and .
Step 10.6.2.3
The final answer is .
Step 10.7
Since the first derivative changed signs from negative to positive around , then is a local minimum.
is a local minimum
Step 10.8
Since the first derivative did not change signs around , this is not a local maximum or minimum.
Not a local maximum or minimum
Step 10.9
Since the first derivative changed signs from positive to negative around , then is a local maximum.
is a local maximum
Step 10.10
Since the first derivative changed signs from negative to positive around , then is a local minimum.
is a local minimum
Step 10.11
These are the local extrema for .
is a local minimum
is a local maximum
is a local minimum
is a local minimum
is a local maximum
is a local minimum
Step 11