Enter a problem...
Calculus Examples
Step 1
Step 1.1
Use to rewrite as .
Step 1.2
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 1.2.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 1.2.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.2.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 1.3
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 1.4
Combine and .
Step 1.5
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 1.6
Simplify the numerator.
Step 1.6.1
Multiply by .
Step 1.6.2
Subtract from .
Step 1.7
Combine fractions.
Step 1.7.1
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 1.7.2
Combine and .
Step 1.7.3
Move to the denominator using the negative exponent rule .
Step 1.8
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.9
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.10
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 1.11
Multiply by .
Step 1.12
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 1.13
Combine fractions.
Step 1.13.1
Add and .
Step 1.13.2
Combine and .
Step 1.13.3
Combine and .
Step 2
Step 2.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.2
Differentiate using the Quotient Rule which states that is where and .
Step 2.3
Differentiate using the Power Rule.
Step 2.3.1
Multiply the exponents in .
Step 2.3.1.1
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 2.3.1.2
Multiply .
Step 2.3.1.2.1
Combine and .
Step 2.3.1.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.3.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.3.3
Multiply by .
Step 2.4
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 2.4.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 2.4.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.4.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 2.5
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 2.6
Combine and .
Step 2.7
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 2.8
Simplify the numerator.
Step 2.8.1
Multiply by .
Step 2.8.2
Subtract from .
Step 2.9
Combine fractions.
Step 2.9.1
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 2.9.2
Combine and .
Step 2.9.3
Move to the denominator using the negative exponent rule .
Step 2.9.4
Combine and .
Step 2.10
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.11
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.12
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 2.13
Multiply by .
Step 2.14
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 2.15
Combine fractions.
Step 2.15.1
Add and .
Step 2.15.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.15.3
Combine and .
Step 2.15.4
Multiply by .
Step 2.15.5
Combine and .
Step 2.16
Raise to the power of .
Step 2.17
Raise to the power of .
Step 2.18
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.19
Add and .
Step 2.20
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 2.21
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 2.22
Combine and .
Step 2.23
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 2.24
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.24.1
Move .
Step 2.24.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.24.3
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 2.24.4
Add and .
Step 2.24.5
Divide by .
Step 2.25
Simplify .
Step 2.26
Move to the left of .
Step 2.27
Rewrite as a product.
Step 2.28
Multiply by .
Step 2.29
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 2.29.1
Move .
Step 2.29.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 2.29.3
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 2.29.4
Add and .
Step 2.30
Multiply by .
Step 2.31
Multiply by .
Step 2.32
Simplify.
Step 2.32.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 2.32.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 2.32.3
Simplify the numerator.
Step 2.32.3.1
Simplify each term.
Step 2.32.3.1.1
Multiply by .
Step 2.32.3.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.32.3.1.3
Multiply .
Step 2.32.3.1.3.1
Multiply by .
Step 2.32.3.1.3.2
Multiply by .
Step 2.32.3.1.4
Multiply by .
Step 2.32.3.2
Subtract from .
Step 2.32.4
Simplify the numerator.
Step 2.32.4.1
Factor out of .
Step 2.32.4.1.1
Factor out of .
Step 2.32.4.1.2
Factor out of .
Step 2.32.4.1.3
Factor out of .
Step 2.32.4.2
Rewrite as .
Step 2.32.4.3
Reorder and .
Step 2.32.4.4
Since both terms are perfect squares, factor using the difference of squares formula, where and .
Step 3
Step 3.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.2
Differentiate using the Quotient Rule which states that is where and .
Step 3.3
Multiply the exponents in .
Step 3.3.1
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 3.3.2
Multiply .
Step 3.3.2.1
Combine and .
Step 3.3.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.4
Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that is where and .
Step 3.5
Differentiate.
Step 3.5.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.5.2
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.5.3
Add and .
Step 3.5.4
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.5.5
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.5.6
Simplify the expression.
Step 3.5.6.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.5.6.2
Move to the left of .
Step 3.5.6.3
Rewrite as .
Step 3.5.7
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.5.8
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.5.9
Add and .
Step 3.5.10
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.5.11
Multiply by .
Step 3.6
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 3.6.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 3.6.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.6.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 3.7
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 3.8
Combine and .
Step 3.9
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 3.10
Simplify the numerator.
Step 3.10.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.10.2
Subtract from .
Step 3.11
Combine and .
Step 3.12
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.13
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.14
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 3.15
Multiply by .
Step 3.16
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 3.17
Combine fractions.
Step 3.17.1
Add and .
Step 3.17.2
Combine and .
Step 3.17.3
Multiply by .
Step 3.17.4
Combine and .
Step 3.17.5
Multiply by .
Step 3.18
Simplify.
Step 3.18.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 3.18.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 3.18.3
Apply the distributive property.
Step 3.18.4
Simplify the numerator.
Step 3.18.4.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.18.4.1.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.18.4.1.2
Factor out of .
Step 3.18.4.1.3
Factor out of .
Step 3.18.4.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.18.4.3
Combine the opposite terms in .
Step 3.18.4.3.1
Add and .
Step 3.18.4.3.2
Add and .
Step 3.18.4.4
Subtract from .
Step 3.18.4.5
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 3.18.4.6
Multiply by .
Step 3.18.4.7
Expand using the FOIL Method.
Step 3.18.4.7.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 3.18.4.7.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 3.18.4.7.3
Apply the distributive property.
Step 3.18.4.8
Simplify and combine like terms.
Step 3.18.4.8.1
Simplify each term.
Step 3.18.4.8.1.1
Multiply by .
Step 3.18.4.8.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.18.4.8.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 3.18.4.8.1.4
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 3.18.4.8.1.5
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 3.18.4.8.1.5.1
Move .
Step 3.18.4.8.1.5.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.18.4.8.1.6
Multiply by .
Step 3.18.4.8.1.7
Multiply by .
Step 3.18.4.8.2
Subtract from .
Step 3.18.4.8.3
Add and .
Step 3.18.4.9
Apply the distributive property.
Step 3.18.4.10
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 3.18.4.10.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.18.4.10.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 3.18.4.10.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 3.18.4.11
Multiply by .
Step 3.18.4.12
Multiply .
Step 3.18.4.12.1
Combine and .
Step 3.18.4.12.2
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 3.18.4.12.2.1
Move .
Step 3.18.4.12.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.18.4.12.2.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.18.4.12.2.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.18.4.12.2.3
Add and .
Step 3.18.4.13
Simplify each term.
Step 3.18.4.13.1
Simplify the numerator.
Step 3.18.4.13.1.1
Rewrite.
Step 3.18.4.13.1.2
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 3.18.4.13.1.2.1
Move .
Step 3.18.4.13.1.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.18.4.13.1.2.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 3.18.4.13.1.2.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.18.4.13.1.2.3
Add and .
Step 3.18.4.13.1.3
Remove unnecessary parentheses.
Step 3.18.4.13.2
Move to the left of .
Step 3.18.4.14
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 3.18.4.15
Combine and .
Step 3.18.4.16
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 3.18.4.17
Simplify the numerator.
Step 3.18.4.17.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.18.4.17.1.1
Reorder the expression.
Step 3.18.4.17.1.1.1
Move .
Step 3.18.4.17.1.1.2
Move .
Step 3.18.4.17.1.2
Factor out of .
Step 3.18.4.17.1.3
Factor out of .
Step 3.18.4.17.1.4
Factor out of .
Step 3.18.4.17.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.18.4.17.3
Rewrite as .
Step 3.18.4.17.4
Reorder and .
Step 3.18.4.17.5
Since both terms are perfect squares, factor using the difference of squares formula, where and .
Step 3.18.4.18
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 3.18.4.19
Combine and .
Step 3.18.4.20
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 3.18.4.21
Rewrite in a factored form.
Step 3.18.4.21.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.18.4.21.1.1
Reorder the expression.
Step 3.18.4.21.1.1.1
Move .
Step 3.18.4.21.1.1.2
Move .
Step 3.18.4.21.1.1.3
Move .
Step 3.18.4.21.1.2
Factor out of .
Step 3.18.4.21.1.3
Factor out of .
Step 3.18.4.21.1.4
Factor out of .
Step 3.18.4.21.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.18.4.22
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 3.18.4.22.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 3.18.4.22.2
Rewrite the expression.
Step 3.18.4.23
Simplify the numerator.
Step 3.18.4.23.1
Simplify.
Step 3.18.4.23.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 3.18.4.23.3
Multiply by .
Step 3.18.4.23.4
Multiply by .
Step 3.18.4.23.5
Apply the distributive property.
Step 3.18.4.23.6
Multiply by .
Step 3.18.4.23.7
Expand using the FOIL Method.
Step 3.18.4.23.7.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 3.18.4.23.7.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 3.18.4.23.7.3
Apply the distributive property.
Step 3.18.4.23.8
Simplify and combine like terms.
Step 3.18.4.23.8.1
Simplify each term.
Step 3.18.4.23.8.1.1
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 3.18.4.23.8.1.1.1
Move .
Step 3.18.4.23.8.1.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.18.4.23.8.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.18.4.23.8.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 3.18.4.23.8.2
Add and .
Step 3.18.4.23.8.3
Add and .
Step 3.18.4.23.9
Add and .
Step 3.18.4.23.10
Subtract from .
Step 3.18.4.23.11
Factor out of .
Step 3.18.4.23.11.1
Factor out of .
Step 3.18.4.23.11.2
Factor out of .
Step 3.18.4.23.11.3
Factor out of .
Step 3.18.4.23.12
Multiply by .
Step 3.18.5
Combine terms.
Step 3.18.5.1
Combine and .
Step 3.18.5.2
Multiply by .
Step 3.18.5.3
Rewrite as a product.
Step 3.18.5.4
Multiply by .
Step 3.18.5.5
Multiply by .
Step 3.18.5.6
Move to the denominator using the negative exponent rule .
Step 3.18.5.7
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 3.18.5.7.1
Move .
Step 3.18.5.7.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 3.18.5.7.3
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 3.18.5.7.4
Add and .
Step 4
Step 4.1
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.2
Differentiate using the Quotient Rule which states that is where and .
Step 4.3
Multiply the exponents in .
Step 4.3.1
Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, .
Step 4.3.2
Multiply .
Step 4.3.2.1
Combine and .
Step 4.3.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.4
Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that is where and .
Step 4.5
Differentiate.
Step 4.5.1
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.5.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 4.5.3
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.5.4
Add and .
Step 4.6
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.7
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.8
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.9
Differentiate using the Power Rule.
Step 4.9.1
Add and .
Step 4.9.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 4.9.3
Simplify by adding terms.
Step 4.9.3.1
Multiply by .
Step 4.9.3.2
Add and .
Step 4.10
Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that is where and .
Step 4.10.1
To apply the Chain Rule, set as .
Step 4.10.2
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 4.10.3
Replace all occurrences of with .
Step 4.11
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 4.12
Combine and .
Step 4.13
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 4.14
Simplify the numerator.
Step 4.14.1
Multiply by .
Step 4.14.2
Subtract from .
Step 4.15
Combine fractions.
Step 4.15.1
Combine and .
Step 4.15.2
Combine and .
Step 4.16
By the Sum Rule, the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.17
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.18
Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that is where .
Step 4.19
Multiply by .
Step 4.20
Since is constant with respect to , the derivative of with respect to is .
Step 4.21
Combine fractions.
Step 4.21.1
Add and .
Step 4.21.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.21.3
Combine and .
Step 4.21.4
Multiply by .
Step 4.21.5
Combine and .
Step 4.22
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.23
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.24
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.25
Simplify the expression.
Step 4.25.1
Add and .
Step 4.25.2
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 4.25.3
Move to the left of .
Step 4.26
Multiply by .
Step 4.27
Simplify.
Step 4.27.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 4.27.2
Simplify the numerator.
Step 4.27.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.2.1.1
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.2.1.2
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.2.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 4.27.2.3
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 4.27.2.4
Move to the left of .
Step 4.27.2.5
Apply the distributive property.
Step 4.27.2.6
Multiply .
Step 4.27.2.6.1
Combine and .
Step 4.27.2.6.2
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 4.27.2.6.2.1
Move .
Step 4.27.2.6.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.27.2.6.2.3
Add and .
Step 4.27.2.7
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 4.27.2.7.1
Move the leading negative in into the numerator.
Step 4.27.2.7.2
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.2.7.3
Cancel the common factor.
Step 4.27.2.7.4
Rewrite the expression.
Step 4.27.2.8
Multiply by .
Step 4.27.2.9
Simplify each term.
Step 4.27.2.9.1
Simplify the numerator.
Step 4.27.2.9.1.1
Rewrite.
Step 4.27.2.9.1.2
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 4.27.2.9.1.2.1
Move .
Step 4.27.2.9.1.2.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.27.2.9.1.2.3
Add and .
Step 4.27.2.9.1.3
Remove unnecessary parentheses.
Step 4.27.2.9.2
Move to the left of .
Step 4.27.2.10
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 4.27.2.11
Combine and .
Step 4.27.2.12
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 4.27.2.13
Simplify the numerator.
Step 4.27.2.13.1
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.2.13.1.1
Reorder the expression.
Step 4.27.2.13.1.1.1
Move .
Step 4.27.2.13.1.1.2
Move .
Step 4.27.2.13.1.2
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.2.13.1.3
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.2.13.1.4
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.2.13.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.27.2.14
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 4.27.2.15
Combine and .
Step 4.27.2.16
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 4.27.2.17
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 4.27.2.18
Combine and .
Step 4.27.2.19
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 4.27.2.20
Rewrite in a factored form.
Step 4.27.2.20.1
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.2.20.1.1
Reorder the expression.
Step 4.27.2.20.1.1.1
Move .
Step 4.27.2.20.1.1.2
Move .
Step 4.27.2.20.1.1.3
Move .
Step 4.27.2.20.1.2
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.2.20.1.3
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.2.20.1.4
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.2.20.1.5
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.2.20.1.6
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.2.20.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.27.2.20.3
Divide by .
Step 4.27.2.20.4
Simplify.
Step 4.27.2.20.5
Apply the distributive property.
Step 4.27.2.20.6
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 4.27.2.20.7
Multiply by .
Step 4.27.2.20.8
Simplify each term.
Step 4.27.2.20.8.1
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 4.27.2.20.8.1.1
Move .
Step 4.27.2.20.8.1.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.27.2.20.8.1.3
Add and .
Step 4.27.2.20.8.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.27.2.20.9
Apply the distributive property.
Step 4.27.2.20.10
Rewrite using the commutative property of multiplication.
Step 4.27.2.20.11
Multiply by .
Step 4.27.2.20.12
Simplify each term.
Step 4.27.2.20.12.1
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 4.27.2.20.12.1.1
Move .
Step 4.27.2.20.12.1.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.27.2.20.12.1.3
Add and .
Step 4.27.2.20.12.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.27.2.20.13
Multiply by .
Step 4.27.2.20.14
Divide by .
Step 4.27.2.20.15
Simplify.
Step 4.27.2.20.16
Apply the distributive property.
Step 4.27.2.20.17
Multiply by .
Step 4.27.2.20.18
Multiply by .
Step 4.27.2.20.19
Subtract from .
Step 4.27.2.20.20
Add and .
Step 4.27.2.20.21
Subtract from .
Step 4.27.2.20.22
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.2.20.22.1
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.2.20.22.2
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.2.20.22.3
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.2.20.22.4
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.2.20.22.5
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.2.21
Move to the left of .
Step 4.27.3
Combine terms.
Step 4.27.3.1
Combine and .
Step 4.27.3.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.27.3.3
Rewrite as a product.
Step 4.27.3.4
Multiply by .
Step 4.27.3.5
Multiply by .
Step 4.27.3.6
Move to the denominator using the negative exponent rule .
Step 4.27.3.7
Multiply by by adding the exponents.
Step 4.27.3.7.1
Move .
Step 4.27.3.7.2
Use the power rule to combine exponents.
Step 4.27.3.7.3
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 4.27.3.7.4
Add and .
Step 4.27.4
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.5
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.6
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.7
Rewrite as .
Step 4.27.8
Factor out of .
Step 4.27.9
Rewrite as .
Step 4.27.10
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 5
The fourth derivative of with respect to is .