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Calculus Examples
,
Step 1
Step 1.1
Eliminate the equal sides of each equation and combine.
Step 1.2
Solve for .
Step 1.2.1
Move all terms containing to the left side of the equation.
Step 1.2.1.1
Subtract from both sides of the equation.
Step 1.2.1.2
Add to both sides of the equation.
Step 1.2.1.3
Subtract from .
Step 1.2.2
Factor the left side of the equation.
Step 1.2.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 1.2.2.1.1
Factor out of .
Step 1.2.2.1.2
Factor out of .
Step 1.2.2.1.3
Factor out of .
Step 1.2.2.1.4
Factor out of .
Step 1.2.2.1.5
Factor out of .
Step 1.2.2.2
Factor.
Step 1.2.2.2.1
Factor by grouping.
Step 1.2.2.2.1.1
For a polynomial of the form , rewrite the middle term as a sum of two terms whose product is and whose sum is .
Step 1.2.2.2.1.1.1
Factor out of .
Step 1.2.2.2.1.1.2
Rewrite as plus
Step 1.2.2.2.1.1.3
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.2.2.2.1.2
Factor out the greatest common factor from each group.
Step 1.2.2.2.1.2.1
Group the first two terms and the last two terms.
Step 1.2.2.2.1.2.2
Factor out the greatest common factor (GCF) from each group.
Step 1.2.2.2.1.3
Factor the polynomial by factoring out the greatest common factor, .
Step 1.2.2.2.2
Remove unnecessary parentheses.
Step 1.2.3
If any individual factor on the left side of the equation is equal to , the entire expression will be equal to .
Step 1.2.4
Set equal to .
Step 1.2.5
Set equal to and solve for .
Step 1.2.5.1
Set equal to .
Step 1.2.5.2
Solve for .
Step 1.2.5.2.1
Subtract from both sides of the equation.
Step 1.2.5.2.2
Divide each term in by and simplify.
Step 1.2.5.2.2.1
Divide each term in by .
Step 1.2.5.2.2.2
Simplify the left side.
Step 1.2.5.2.2.2.1
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 1.2.5.2.2.2.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 1.2.5.2.2.2.1.2
Divide by .
Step 1.2.5.2.2.3
Simplify the right side.
Step 1.2.5.2.2.3.1
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 1.2.6
Set equal to and solve for .
Step 1.2.6.1
Set equal to .
Step 1.2.6.2
Add to both sides of the equation.
Step 1.2.7
The final solution is all the values that make true.
Step 1.3
Evaluate when .
Step 1.3.1
Substitute for .
Step 1.3.2
Substitute for in and solve for .
Step 1.3.2.1
Remove parentheses.
Step 1.3.2.2
Remove parentheses.
Step 1.3.2.3
Simplify .
Step 1.3.2.3.1
Simplify each term.
Step 1.3.2.3.1.1
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 1.3.2.3.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.2.3.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 1.3.2.3.2
Add and .
Step 1.4
Evaluate when .
Step 1.4.1
Substitute for .
Step 1.4.2
Simplify .
Step 1.4.2.1
Simplify each term.
Step 1.4.2.1.1
Use the power rule to distribute the exponent.
Step 1.4.2.1.1.1
Apply the product rule to .
Step 1.4.2.1.1.2
Apply the product rule to .
Step 1.4.2.1.2
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.4.2.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 1.4.2.1.4
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.4.2.1.5
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.4.2.1.6
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 1.4.2.1.6.1
Factor out of .
Step 1.4.2.1.6.2
Factor out of .
Step 1.4.2.1.6.3
Cancel the common factor.
Step 1.4.2.1.6.4
Rewrite the expression.
Step 1.4.2.1.7
Combine and .
Step 1.4.2.1.8
Multiply by .
Step 1.4.2.1.9
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 1.4.2.1.9.1
Move the leading negative in into the numerator.
Step 1.4.2.1.9.2
Factor out of .
Step 1.4.2.1.9.3
Factor out of .
Step 1.4.2.1.9.4
Cancel the common factor.
Step 1.4.2.1.9.5
Rewrite the expression.
Step 1.4.2.1.10
Combine and .
Step 1.4.2.1.11
Multiply by .
Step 1.4.2.2
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 1.4.2.3
Write each expression with a common denominator of , by multiplying each by an appropriate factor of .
Step 1.4.2.3.1
Multiply by .
Step 1.4.2.3.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.4.2.4
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 1.4.2.5
Simplify the numerator.
Step 1.4.2.5.1
Multiply by .
Step 1.4.2.5.2
Add and .
Step 1.5
Evaluate when .
Step 1.5.1
Substitute for .
Step 1.5.2
Substitute for in and solve for .
Step 1.5.2.1
Remove parentheses.
Step 1.5.2.2
Remove parentheses.
Step 1.5.2.3
Simplify .
Step 1.5.2.3.1
Simplify each term.
Step 1.5.2.3.1.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.5.2.3.1.2
Multiply by .
Step 1.5.2.3.1.3
Multiply by .
Step 1.5.2.3.2
Subtract from .
Step 1.6
The solution to the system is the complete set of ordered pairs that are valid solutions.
Step 2
Reorder and .
Step 3
The area of the region between the curves is defined as the integral of the upper curve minus the integral of the lower curve over each region. The regions are determined by the intersection points of the curves. This can be done algebraically or graphically.
Step 4
Step 4.1
Combine the integrals into a single integral.
Step 4.2
Simplify each term.
Step 4.2.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 4.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.2.3
Multiply by .
Step 4.3
Subtract from .
Step 4.4
Split the single integral into multiple integrals.
Step 4.5
Since is constant with respect to , move out of the integral.
Step 4.6
By the Power Rule, the integral of with respect to is .
Step 4.7
Combine and .
Step 4.8
Since is constant with respect to , move out of the integral.
Step 4.9
By the Power Rule, the integral of with respect to is .
Step 4.10
Combine and .
Step 4.11
Since is constant with respect to , move out of the integral.
Step 4.12
By the Power Rule, the integral of with respect to is .
Step 4.13
Simplify the answer.
Step 4.13.1
Combine and .
Step 4.13.2
Substitute and simplify.
Step 4.13.2.1
Evaluate at and at .
Step 4.13.2.2
Evaluate at and at .
Step 4.13.2.3
Evaluate at and at .
Step 4.13.2.4
Simplify.
Step 4.13.2.4.1
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 4.13.2.4.2
Cancel the common factor of and .
Step 4.13.2.4.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 4.13.2.4.2.2
Cancel the common factors.
Step 4.13.2.4.2.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 4.13.2.4.2.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 4.13.2.4.2.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 4.13.2.4.2.2.4
Divide by .
Step 4.13.2.4.3
Factor out of .
Step 4.13.2.4.4
Apply the product rule to .
Step 4.13.2.4.5
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.13.2.4.6
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 4.13.2.4.7
Multiply by .
Step 4.13.2.4.8
Multiply by .
Step 4.13.2.4.9
Add and .
Step 4.13.2.4.10
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 4.13.2.4.11
Cancel the common factor of and .
Step 4.13.2.4.11.1
Factor out of .
Step 4.13.2.4.11.2
Cancel the common factors.
Step 4.13.2.4.11.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 4.13.2.4.11.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 4.13.2.4.11.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 4.13.2.4.11.2.4
Divide by .
Step 4.13.2.4.12
Factor out of .
Step 4.13.2.4.13
Apply the product rule to .
Step 4.13.2.4.14
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.13.2.4.15
Multiply by .
Step 4.13.2.4.16
Subtract from .
Step 4.13.2.4.17
Multiply by .
Step 4.13.2.4.18
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 4.13.2.4.19
Cancel the common factor of and .
Step 4.13.2.4.19.1
Factor out of .
Step 4.13.2.4.19.2
Cancel the common factors.
Step 4.13.2.4.19.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 4.13.2.4.19.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 4.13.2.4.19.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 4.13.2.4.19.2.4
Divide by .
Step 4.13.2.4.20
Factor out of .
Step 4.13.2.4.21
Apply the product rule to .
Step 4.13.2.4.22
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.13.2.4.23
Multiply by .
Step 4.13.2.4.24
Subtract from .
Step 4.13.2.4.25
Multiply by .
Step 4.13.3
Simplify.
Step 4.13.3.1
Simplify each term.
Step 4.13.3.1.1
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 4.13.3.1.1.1
Factor out of .
Step 4.13.3.1.1.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 4.13.3.1.1.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 4.13.3.1.2
Apply the product rule to .
Step 4.13.3.1.3
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.13.3.1.4
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.13.3.1.5
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 4.13.3.1.5.1
Factor out of .
Step 4.13.3.1.5.2
Factor out of .
Step 4.13.3.1.5.3
Cancel the common factor.
Step 4.13.3.1.5.4
Rewrite the expression.
Step 4.13.3.1.6
Combine and .
Step 4.13.3.1.7
Multiply by .
Step 4.13.3.1.8
Move the negative in front of the fraction.
Step 4.13.3.1.9
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 4.13.3.1.9.1
Factor out of .
Step 4.13.3.1.9.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 4.13.3.1.9.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 4.13.3.1.10
Apply the product rule to .
Step 4.13.3.1.11
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.13.3.1.12
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.13.3.1.13
Multiply .
Step 4.13.3.1.13.1
Combine and .
Step 4.13.3.1.13.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.13.3.1.14
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 4.13.3.1.14.1
Factor out of .
Step 4.13.3.1.14.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 4.13.3.1.14.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 4.13.3.1.15
Apply the product rule to .
Step 4.13.3.1.16
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.13.3.1.17
Raise to the power of .
Step 4.13.3.1.18
Cancel the common factor of .
Step 4.13.3.1.18.1
Factor out of .
Step 4.13.3.1.18.2
Factor out of .
Step 4.13.3.1.18.3
Cancel the common factor.
Step 4.13.3.1.18.4
Rewrite the expression.
Step 4.13.3.2
Find the common denominator.
Step 4.13.3.2.1
Multiply by .
Step 4.13.3.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.13.3.2.3
Multiply by .
Step 4.13.3.2.4
Multiply by .
Step 4.13.3.2.5
Reorder the factors of .
Step 4.13.3.2.6
Multiply by .
Step 4.13.3.2.7
Reorder the factors of .
Step 4.13.3.2.8
Multiply by .
Step 4.13.3.3
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 4.13.3.4
Simplify each term.
Step 4.13.3.4.1
Multiply by .
Step 4.13.3.4.2
Multiply by .
Step 4.13.3.5
Add and .
Step 4.13.3.6
Subtract from .
Step 5
The area of the region between the curves is defined as the integral of the upper curve minus the integral of the lower curve over each region. The regions are determined by the intersection points of the curves. This can be done algebraically or graphically.
Step 6
Step 6.1
Combine the integrals into a single integral.
Step 6.2
Simplify each term.
Step 6.2.1
Apply the distributive property.
Step 6.2.2
Multiply by .
Step 6.2.3
Multiply by .
Step 6.3
Subtract from .
Step 6.4
Split the single integral into multiple integrals.
Step 6.5
Since is constant with respect to , move out of the integral.
Step 6.6
By the Power Rule, the integral of with respect to is .
Step 6.7
Combine and .
Step 6.8
Since is constant with respect to , move out of the integral.
Step 6.9
By the Power Rule, the integral of with respect to is .
Step 6.10
Combine and .
Step 6.11
Since is constant with respect to , move out of the integral.
Step 6.12
By the Power Rule, the integral of with respect to is .
Step 6.13
Simplify the answer.
Step 6.13.1
Combine and .
Step 6.13.2
Substitute and simplify.
Step 6.13.2.1
Evaluate at and at .
Step 6.13.2.2
Evaluate at and at .
Step 6.13.2.3
Evaluate at and at .
Step 6.13.2.4
Simplify.
Step 6.13.2.4.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 6.13.2.4.2
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 6.13.2.4.3
Cancel the common factor of and .
Step 6.13.2.4.3.1
Factor out of .
Step 6.13.2.4.3.2
Cancel the common factors.
Step 6.13.2.4.3.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 6.13.2.4.3.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 6.13.2.4.3.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 6.13.2.4.3.2.4
Divide by .
Step 6.13.2.4.4
Multiply by .
Step 6.13.2.4.5
Add and .
Step 6.13.2.4.6
Combine and .
Step 6.13.2.4.7
Multiply by .
Step 6.13.2.4.8
Cancel the common factor of and .
Step 6.13.2.4.8.1
Factor out of .
Step 6.13.2.4.8.2
Cancel the common factors.
Step 6.13.2.4.8.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 6.13.2.4.8.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 6.13.2.4.8.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 6.13.2.4.8.2.4
Divide by .
Step 6.13.2.4.9
Raise to the power of .
Step 6.13.2.4.10
Cancel the common factor of and .
Step 6.13.2.4.10.1
Factor out of .
Step 6.13.2.4.10.2
Cancel the common factors.
Step 6.13.2.4.10.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 6.13.2.4.10.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 6.13.2.4.10.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 6.13.2.4.10.2.4
Divide by .
Step 6.13.2.4.11
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 6.13.2.4.12
Cancel the common factor of and .
Step 6.13.2.4.12.1
Factor out of .
Step 6.13.2.4.12.2
Cancel the common factors.
Step 6.13.2.4.12.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 6.13.2.4.12.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 6.13.2.4.12.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 6.13.2.4.12.2.4
Divide by .
Step 6.13.2.4.13
Multiply by .
Step 6.13.2.4.14
Add and .
Step 6.13.2.4.15
Multiply by .
Step 6.13.2.4.16
Add and .
Step 6.13.2.4.17
Raise to the power of .
Step 6.13.2.4.18
Raising to any positive power yields .
Step 6.13.2.4.19
Cancel the common factor of and .
Step 6.13.2.4.19.1
Factor out of .
Step 6.13.2.4.19.2
Cancel the common factors.
Step 6.13.2.4.19.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 6.13.2.4.19.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 6.13.2.4.19.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 6.13.2.4.19.2.4
Divide by .
Step 6.13.2.4.20
Multiply by .
Step 6.13.2.4.21
Add and .
Step 6.13.2.4.22
Combine and .
Step 6.13.2.4.23
Multiply by .
Step 6.13.2.4.24
Cancel the common factor of and .
Step 6.13.2.4.24.1
Factor out of .
Step 6.13.2.4.24.2
Cancel the common factors.
Step 6.13.2.4.24.2.1
Factor out of .
Step 6.13.2.4.24.2.2
Cancel the common factor.
Step 6.13.2.4.24.2.3
Rewrite the expression.
Step 6.13.2.4.24.2.4
Divide by .
Step 6.13.2.4.25
Add and .
Step 7
Step 7.1
To write as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by .
Step 7.2
Combine and .
Step 7.3
Combine the numerators over the common denominator.
Step 7.4
Simplify the numerator.
Step 7.4.1
Multiply by .
Step 7.4.2
Add and .
Step 8