Calculus Examples

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5} x^{- \frac{3}{5}}}$

Step 1

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = e^{x}$ and $g (x) = - x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5} x^{- \frac{3}{5}}$ .

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Step 1.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u$ as $- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5} x^{- \frac{3}{5}}$ .

$\frac{d}{d u} [e^{u}] \frac{d}{d x} [- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5} x^{- \frac{3}{5}}]$

Step 1.2

Differentiate using the Exponential Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u} [a^{u}]$ is $a^{u} \ln (a)$ where $a$ = $e$ .

$e^{u} \frac{d}{d x} [- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5} x^{- \frac{3}{5}}]$

Step 1.3

Replace all occurrences of $u$ with $- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5} x^{- \frac{3}{5}}$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5} x^{- \frac{3}{5}}} \frac{d}{d x} [- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5} x^{- \frac{3}{5}}]$

Step 2

Differentiate.

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Step 2.1

Combine $\frac{1}{5}$ and $x^{- \frac{3}{5}}$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{x^{- \frac{3}{5}}}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5} x^{- \frac{3}{5}}]$

Step 2.2

Combine fractions.

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Step 2.2.1

Combine $\frac{1}{5}$ and $x^{- \frac{3}{5}}$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{x^{- \frac{3}{5}}}{5}} \frac{d}{d x} [- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{x^{- \frac{3}{5}}}{5}]$

Step 2.2.2

Raise to zero.

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Step 2.2.2.1

Move $x^{- \frac{3}{5}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} \frac{d}{d x} [- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{x^{- \frac{3}{5}}}{5}]$

Step 2.2.2.2

Move $x^{- \frac{3}{5}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} \frac{d}{d x} [- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}]$

Step 2.3

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [- x^{\frac{1}{2}}] + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}]$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (\frac{d}{d x} [- x^{\frac{1}{2}}] + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}])$

Step 2.4

Since $- 1$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $- x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ with respect to $x$ is $- \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}]$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}] + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}])$

Step 2.5

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{1}{2}$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1}) + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}])$

Step 3

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{2}{2}}) + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}])$

Step 4

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 2}{2}}) + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}])$

Step 5

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1 - 1 \cdot 2}{2}}) + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}])$

Step 6

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 6.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1 - 2}{2}}) + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}])$

Step 6.2

Subtract $2$ from $1$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{- 1}{2}}) + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}])$

Step 7

Combine fractions.

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Step 7.1

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- (\frac{1}{2} x^{- \frac{1}{2}}) + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}])$

Step 7.2

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- \frac{x^{- \frac{1}{2}}}{2} + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}])$

Step 7.3

Move $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}])$

Step 8

Since $\frac{1}{5}$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $\frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{1}{5} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{1}{x^{\frac{3}{5}}}]$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{1}{5} \frac{d}{d x} [\frac{1}{x^{\frac{3}{5}}}])$

Step 9

Apply basic rules of exponents.

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Step 9.1

Rewrite $\frac{1}{x^{\frac{3}{5}}}$ as ${(x^{\frac{3}{5}})}^{- 1}$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{1}{5} \frac{d}{d x} [{(x^{\frac{3}{5}})}^{- 1}])$

Step 9.2

Multiply the exponents in ${(x^{\frac{3}{5}})}^{- 1}$ .

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Step 9.2.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{1}{5} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3}{5} \cdot - 1}])$

Step 9.2.2

Multiply $\frac{3}{5} \cdot - 1$ .

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Step 9.2.2.1

Combine $\frac{3}{5}$ and $- 1$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{1}{5} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{3 \cdot - 1}{5}}])$

Step 9.2.2.2

Multiply $3$ by $- 1$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{1}{5} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{- 3}{5}}])$

Step 9.2.3

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{1}{5} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{- \frac{3}{5}}])$

Step 10

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = - \frac{3}{5}$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{1}{5} (- \frac{3}{5} x^{- \frac{3}{5} - 1}))$

Step 11

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{5}{5}$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{1}{5} (- \frac{3}{5} x^{- \frac{3}{5} - 1 \cdot \frac{5}{5}}))$

Step 12

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{5}{5}$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{1}{5} (- \frac{3}{5} x^{- \frac{3}{5} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 5}{5}}))$

Step 13

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{1}{5} (- \frac{3}{5} x^{\frac{- 3 - 1 \cdot 5}{5}}))$

Step 14

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 14.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $5$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{1}{5} (- \frac{3}{5} x^{\frac{- 3 - 5}{5}}))$

Step 14.2

Subtract $5$ from $- 3$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{1}{5} (- \frac{3}{5} x^{\frac{- 8}{5}}))$

Step 15

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{1}{5} (- \frac{3}{5} x^{- \frac{8}{5}}))$

Step 16

Combine $x^{- \frac{8}{5}}$ and $\frac{3}{5}$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + \frac{1}{5} (- \frac{x^{- \frac{8}{5}} \cdot 3}{5}))$

Step 17

Multiply $\frac{1}{5}$ by $\frac{x^{- \frac{8}{5}} \cdot 3}{5}$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - \frac{x^{- \frac{8}{5}} \cdot 3}{5 \cdot 5})$

Step 18

Simplify the expression.

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Step 18.1

Multiply $5$ by $5$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - \frac{x^{- \frac{8}{5}} \cdot 3}{25})$

Step 18.2

Move $3$ to the left of $x^{- \frac{8}{5}}$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - \frac{3 \cdot x^{- \frac{8}{5}}}{25})$

Step 18.3

Move $x^{- \frac{8}{5}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$e^{- x^{\frac{1}{2}} + \frac{1}{5 x^{\frac{3}{5}}}} (- \frac{1}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - \frac{3}{25 x^{\frac{8}{5}}})$