Calculus Examples

$y = \frac{\sqrt{x}}{e^{x}}$

Step 1

Use $\sqrt[n]{a^{x}} = a^{\frac{x}{n}}$ to rewrite $\sqrt{x}$ as $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$y = \frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{e^{x}}$

Step 2

Differentiate both sides of the equation.

$\frac{d}{d x} (y) = \frac{d}{d x} (\frac{x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{e^{x}})$

Step 3

The derivative of $y$ with respect to $x$ is $y'$ .

$y'$

Step 4

Differentiate the right side of the equation.

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Step 4.1

Differentiate using the Quotient Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [\frac{f (x)}{g (x)}]$ is $\frac{g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)] - f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)]}{{g (x)}^{2}}$ where $f (x) = x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ and $g (x) = e^{x}$ .

$\frac{e^{x} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}] - x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}]}{{(e^{x})}^{2}}$

Step 4.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule.

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Step 4.2.1

Multiply the exponents in ${(e^{x})}^{2}$ .

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Step 4.2.1.1

Apply the power rule and multiply exponents, ${(a^{m})}^{n} = a^{m n}$ .

$\frac{e^{x} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}] - x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}]}{e^{x \cdot 2}}$

Step 4.2.1.2

Move $2$ to the left of $x$ .

$\frac{e^{x} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{2}}] - x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}]}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.2.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1}) - x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}]}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.3

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot \frac{2}{2}}) - x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}]}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.4

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 2}{2}}) - x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}]}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.5

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{e^{x} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1 - 1 \cdot 2}{2}}) - x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}]}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.6

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 4.6.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{1 - 2}{2}}) - x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}]}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.6.2

Subtract $2$ from $1$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (\frac{1}{2} x^{\frac{- 1}{2}}) - x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}]}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.7

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$\frac{e^{x} (\frac{1}{2} x^{- \frac{1}{2}}) - x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}]}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.8

Combine $\frac{1}{2}$ and $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{e^{x} \frac{x^{- \frac{1}{2}}}{2} - x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}]}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.9

Combine $e^{x}$ and $\frac{x^{- \frac{1}{2}}}{2}$ .

$\frac{\frac{e^{x} x^{- \frac{1}{2}}}{2} - x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}]}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.10

Move $x^{- \frac{1}{2}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$\frac{\frac{e^{x}}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}]}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.11

Multiply $\frac{\frac{e^{x}}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}]}{e^{2 x}}$ by $\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ .

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{e^{x}}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}]}{e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.12

Combine.

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} (\frac{e^{x}}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} - x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}])}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.13

Apply the distributive property.

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{e^{x}}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + 2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} (- x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}])}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.14

Cancel the common factor of $2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

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Step 4.14.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{e^{x}}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}} + 2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} (- x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}])}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.14.2

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{e^{x} + 2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} (- x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}])}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.15

Multiply $- 1$ by $2$ .

$\frac{e^{x} - 2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} (x^{\frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}])}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.16

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{e^{x} - 2 x^{\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}]}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.17

Simplify the expression.

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Step 4.17.1

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{e^{x} - 2 x^{\frac{1 + 1}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}]}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.17.2

Add $1$ and $1$ .

$\frac{e^{x} - 2 x^{\frac{2}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}]}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.18

Cancel the common factor of $2$ .

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Step 4.18.1

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{e^{x} - 2 x^{\frac{2}{2}} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}]}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.18.2

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{e^{x} - 2 x^{1} \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}]}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.19

Simplify.

$\frac{e^{x} - 2 x \frac{d}{d x} [e^{x}]}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.20

Differentiate using the Exponential Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [a^{x}]$ is $a^{x} \ln (a)$ where $a$ = $e$ .

$\frac{e^{x} - 2 x e^{x}}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}} e^{2 x}}$

Step 4.21

Simplify.

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Step 4.21.1

Reorder terms.

$\frac{- 2 e^{x} x + e^{x}}{2 e^{2 x} x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 4.21.2

Factor $e^{x}$ out of $- 2 e^{x} x + e^{x}$ .

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Step 4.21.2.1

Factor $e^{x}$ out of $- 2 e^{x} x$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (- 2 x) + e^{x}}{2 e^{2 x} x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 4.21.2.2

Multiply by $1$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (- 2 x) + e^{x} \cdot 1}{2 e^{2 x} x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 4.21.2.3

Factor $e^{x}$ out of $e^{x} (- 2 x) + e^{x} \cdot 1$ .

$\frac{e^{x} (- 2 x + 1)}{2 e^{2 x} x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 4.21.3

Factor $e^{2 x}$ out of $e^{x} (- 2 x + 1)$ .

$\frac{e^{2 x} (e^{- x} (- 2 x + 1))}{2 e^{2 x} x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 4.21.4

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 4.21.4.1

Factor $e^{2 x}$ out of $2 e^{2 x} x^{\frac{1}{2}}$ .

$\frac{e^{2 x} (e^{- x} (- 2 x + 1))}{e^{2 x} (2 x^{\frac{1}{2}})}$

Step 4.21.4.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{e^{2 x} (e^{- x} (- 2 x + 1))}{e^{2 x} (2 x^{\frac{1}{2}})}$

Step 4.21.4.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{e^{- x} (- 2 x + 1)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 4.21.5

Factor $- 1$ out of $- 2 x$ .

$\frac{e^{- x} (- (2 x) + 1)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 4.21.6

Rewrite $1$ as $- 1 (- 1)$ .

$\frac{e^{- x} (- (2 x) - 1 (- 1))}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 4.21.7

Factor $- 1$ out of $- (2 x) - 1 (- 1)$ .

$\frac{e^{- x} (- (2 x - 1))}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 4.21.8

Rewrite $- (2 x - 1)$ as $- 1 (2 x - 1)$ .

$\frac{e^{- x} (- 1 (2 x - 1))}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 4.21.9

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$- \frac{e^{- x} (2 x - 1)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 5

Reform the equation by setting the left side equal to the right side.

$y' = - \frac{e^{- x} (2 x - 1)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$

Step 6

Replace $y'$ with $\frac{d y}{d x}$ .

$\frac{d y}{d x} = - \frac{e^{- x} (2 x - 1)}{2 x^{\frac{1}{2}}}$