Calculus Examples

$x^{\frac{1}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}}$

Step 1

Differentiate using the Product Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (x) g (x)]$ is $f (x) \frac{d}{d x} [g (x)] + g (x) \frac{d}{d x} [f (x)]$ where $f (x) = x^{\frac{1}{3}}$ and $g (x) = {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}}$ .

$x^{\frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [{(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}}] + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 2

Differentiate using the chain rule, which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [f (g (x))]$ is $f' (g (x)) g' (x)$ where $f (x) = x^{\frac{2}{3}}$ and $g (x) = x + 3$ .

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Step 2.1

To apply the Chain Rule, set $u$ as $x + 3$ .

$x^{\frac{1}{3}} (\frac{d}{d u} [u^{\frac{2}{3}}] \frac{d}{d x} [x + 3]) + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 2.2

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d u} [u^{n}]$ is $n u^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{2}{3}$ .

$x^{\frac{1}{3}} (\frac{2}{3} u^{\frac{2}{3} - 1} \frac{d}{d x} [x + 3]) + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 2.3

Replace all occurrences of $u$ with $x + 3$ .

$x^{\frac{1}{3}} (\frac{2}{3} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3} - 1} \frac{d}{d x} [x + 3]) + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 3

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$x^{\frac{1}{3}} (\frac{2}{3} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3} - 1 \cdot \frac{3}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x + 3]) + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 4

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$x^{\frac{1}{3}} (\frac{2}{3} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 3}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x + 3]) + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 5

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$x^{\frac{1}{3}} (\frac{2}{3} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2 - 1 \cdot 3}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x + 3]) + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 6

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 6.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $3$ .

$x^{\frac{1}{3}} (\frac{2}{3} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2 - 3}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x + 3]) + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 6.2

Subtract $3$ from $2$ .

$x^{\frac{1}{3}} (\frac{2}{3} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{- 1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x + 3]) + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 7

Combine fractions.

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Step 7.1

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$x^{\frac{1}{3}} (\frac{2}{3} {(x + 3)}^{- \frac{1}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x + 3]) + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 7.2

Combine $\frac{2}{3}$ and ${(x + 3)}^{- \frac{1}{3}}$ .

$x^{\frac{1}{3}} (\frac{2 {(x + 3)}^{- \frac{1}{3}}}{3} \frac{d}{d x} [x + 3]) + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 7.3

Move ${(x + 3)}^{- \frac{1}{3}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$x^{\frac{1}{3}} (\frac{2}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} \frac{d}{d x} [x + 3]) + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 7.4

Combine $\frac{2}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$ and $x^{\frac{1}{3}}$ .

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} \frac{d}{d x} [x + 3] + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 8

By the Sum Rule, the derivative of $x + 3$ with respect to $x$ is $\frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [3]$ .

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} (\frac{d}{d x} [x] + \frac{d}{d x} [3]) + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 9

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = 1$ .

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} (1 + \frac{d}{d x} [3]) + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 10

Since $3$ is constant with respect to $x$ , the derivative of $3$ with respect to $x$ is $0$ .

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} (1 + 0) + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 11

Simplify the expression.

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Step 11.1

Add $1$ and $0$ .

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} \cdot 1 + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 11.2

Multiply $\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$ by $1$ .

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} \frac{d}{d x} [x^{\frac{1}{3}}]$

Step 12

Differentiate using the Power Rule which states that $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ is $n x^{n - 1}$ where $n = \frac{1}{3}$ .

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} (\frac{1}{3} x^{\frac{1}{3} - 1})$

Step 13

To write $- 1$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} (\frac{1}{3} x^{\frac{1}{3} - 1 \cdot \frac{3}{3}})$

Step 14

Combine $- 1$ and $\frac{3}{3}$ .

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} (\frac{1}{3} x^{\frac{1}{3} + \frac{- 1 \cdot 3}{3}})$

Step 15

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} (\frac{1}{3} x^{\frac{1 - 1 \cdot 3}{3}})$

Step 16

Simplify the numerator.

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Step 16.1

Multiply $- 1$ by $3$ .

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} (\frac{1}{3} x^{\frac{1 - 3}{3}})$

Step 16.2

Subtract $3$ from $1$ .

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} (\frac{1}{3} x^{\frac{- 2}{3}})$

Step 17

Move the negative in front of the fraction.

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} (\frac{1}{3} x^{- \frac{2}{3}})$

Step 18

Combine $\frac{1}{3}$ and $x^{- \frac{2}{3}}$ .

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} \frac{x^{- \frac{2}{3}}}{3}$

Step 19

Combine ${(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}}$ and $\frac{x^{- \frac{2}{3}}}{3}$ .

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} + \frac{{(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} x^{- \frac{2}{3}}}{3}$

Step 20

Move $x^{- \frac{2}{3}}$ to the denominator using the negative exponent rule $b^{- n} = \frac{1}{b^{n}}$ .

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} + \frac{{(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 21

To write $\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$ .

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{x^{\frac{2}{3}}} + \frac{{(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$

Step 22

To write $\frac{{(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$ as a fraction with a common denominator, multiply by $\frac{{(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}{{(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$ .

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} \cdot \frac{x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{x^{\frac{2}{3}}} + \frac{{(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}} \cdot \frac{{(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}{{(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 23

Write each expression with a common denominator of $3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}} x^{\frac{2}{3}}$ , by multiplying each by an appropriate factor of $1$ .

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Step 23.1

Multiply $\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$ by $\frac{x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$ .

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}} x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}} x^{\frac{2}{3}}} + \frac{{(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}} \cdot \frac{{(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}{{(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 23.2

Multiply $\frac{{(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}}}$ by $\frac{{(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}{{(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$ .

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}} x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}} x^{\frac{2}{3}}} + \frac{{(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 23.3

Reorder the factors of $3 {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}} x^{\frac{2}{3}}$ .

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}} x^{\frac{2}{3}}}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}} + \frac{{(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 24

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{1}{3}} x^{\frac{2}{3}} + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 25

Multiply $x^{\frac{1}{3}}$ by $x^{\frac{2}{3}}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 25.1

Move $x^{\frac{2}{3}}$ .

$\frac{2 (x^{\frac{2}{3}} x^{\frac{1}{3}}) + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 25.2

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{2}{3} + \frac{1}{3}} + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 25.3

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{2 + 1}{3}} + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 25.4

Add $2$ and $1$ .

$\frac{2 x^{\frac{3}{3}} + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 25.5

Divide $3$ by $3$ .

$\frac{2 x^{1} + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 26

Simplify $2 x^{1}$ .

$\frac{2 x + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 27

Multiply ${(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3}}$ by ${(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}$ by adding the exponents.

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Step 27.1

Use the power rule $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ to combine exponents.

$\frac{2 x + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2}{3} + \frac{1}{3}}}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 27.2

Combine the numerators over the common denominator.

$\frac{2 x + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{2 + 1}{3}}}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 27.3

Add $2$ and $1$ .

$\frac{2 x + {(x + 3)}^{\frac{3}{3}}}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 27.4

Divide $3$ by $3$ .

$\frac{2 x + {(x + 3)}^{1}}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 28

Simplify ${(x + 3)}^{1}$ .

$\frac{2 x + x + 3}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 29

Add $2 x$ and $x$ .

$\frac{3 x + 3}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 30

Factor $3$ out of $3 x$ .

$\frac{3 (x) + 3}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 31

Factor $3$ out of $3$ .

$\frac{3 (x) + 3 \cdot 1}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 32

Factor $3$ out of $3 (x) + 3 (1)$ .

$\frac{3 (x + 1)}{3 x^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$

Step 33

Cancel the common factors.

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Step 33.1

Factor $3$ out of $3 x^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}$ .

$\frac{3 (x + 1)}{3 (x^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}})}$

Step 33.2

Cancel the common factor.

$\frac{3 (x + 1)}{3 (x^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}})}$

Step 33.3

Rewrite the expression.

$\frac{x + 1}{x^{\frac{2}{3}} {(x + 3)}^{\frac{1}{3}}}$