Precalculus Examples

$\log_{4} (x - 3) - 5 \log_{4} (x) - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \log_{4} (x^{2} + 1) + 2 \log_{4} (3 x + 5)$

Step 1

Simplify each term.

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Step 1.1

Simplify $- 5 \log_{4} (x)$ by moving $5$ inside the logarithm.

$\log_{4} (x - 3) - \log_{4} (x^{5}) - \frac{1}{2} \cdot \log_{4} (x^{2} + 1) + 2 \log_{4} (3 x + 5)$

Step 1.2

Multiply $- \frac{1}{2} \log_{4} (x^{2} + 1)$ .

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Step 1.2.1

Reorder $\log_{4} (x^{2} + 1)$ and $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\log_{4} (x - 3) - \log_{4} (x^{5}) - (\frac{1}{2} \log_{4} (x^{2} + 1)) + 2 \log_{4} (3 x + 5)$

Step 1.2.2

Simplify $\frac{1}{2} \log_{4} (x^{2} + 1)$ by moving $\frac{1}{2}$ inside the logarithm.

$\log_{4} (x - 3) - \log_{4} (x^{5}) - \log_{4} ({(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}) + 2 \log_{4} (3 x + 5)$

Step 1.3

Simplify $2 \log_{4} (3 x + 5)$ by moving $2$ inside the logarithm.

$\log_{4} (x - 3) - \log_{4} (x^{5}) - \log_{4} ({(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}) + \log_{4} ({(3 x + 5)}^{2})$

Step 2

Use the quotient property of logarithms, $\log_{b} (x) - \log_{b} (y) = \log_{b} (\frac{x}{y})$ .

$\log_{4} (\frac{x - 3}{x^{5}}) - \log_{4} ({(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}) + \log_{4} ({(3 x + 5)}^{2})$

Step 3

Use the quotient property of logarithms, $\log_{b} (x) - \log_{b} (y) = \log_{b} (\frac{x}{y})$ .

$\log_{4} (\frac{\frac{x - 3}{x^{5}}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}) + \log_{4} ({(3 x + 5)}^{2})$

Step 4

Use the product property of logarithms, $\log_{b} (x) + \log_{b} (y) = \log_{b} (x y)$ .

$\log_{4} (\frac{\frac{x - 3}{x^{5}}}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} {(3 x + 5)}^{2})$

Step 5

Multiply the numerator by the reciprocal of the denominator.

$\log_{4} (\frac{x - 3}{x^{5}} \cdot \frac{1}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} {(3 x + 5)}^{2})$

Step 6

Multiply $\frac{x - 3}{x^{5}}$ by $\frac{1}{{(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ .

$\log_{4} (\frac{x - 3}{x^{5} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}} {(3 x + 5)}^{2})$

Step 7

Combine $\frac{x - 3}{x^{5} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}$ and ${(3 x + 5)}^{2}$ .

$\log_{4} (\frac{(x - 3) {(3 x + 5)}^{2}}{x^{5} {(x^{2} + 1)}^{\frac{1}{2}}})$