Precalculus Examples

Split Using Partial Fraction Decomposition (4x^2+2x-1)/(x^2(x+1))
Step 1
Decompose the fraction and multiply through by the common denominator.
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Step 1.1
For each factor in the denominator, create a new fraction using the factor as the denominator, and an unknown value as the numerator. Since the factor in the denominator is linear, put a single variable in its place .
Step 1.2
Multiply each fraction in the equation by the denominator of the original expression. In this case, the denominator is .
Step 1.3
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 1.3.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 1.3.2
Rewrite the expression.
Step 1.4
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 1.4.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 1.4.2
Divide by .
Step 1.5
Simplify each term.
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Step 1.5.1
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 1.5.1.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 1.5.1.2
Divide by .
Step 1.5.2
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.5.3
Multiply by .
Step 1.5.4
Cancel the common factor of and .
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Step 1.5.4.1
Factor out of .
Step 1.5.4.2
Cancel the common factors.
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Step 1.5.4.2.1
Raise to the power of .
Step 1.5.4.2.2
Factor out of .
Step 1.5.4.2.3
Cancel the common factor.
Step 1.5.4.2.4
Rewrite the expression.
Step 1.5.4.2.5
Divide by .
Step 1.5.5
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.5.6
Multiply by .
Step 1.5.7
Multiply by .
Step 1.5.8
Apply the distributive property.
Step 1.5.9
Cancel the common factor of .
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Step 1.5.9.1
Cancel the common factor.
Step 1.5.9.2
Divide by .
Step 1.6
Simplify the expression.
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Step 1.6.1
Reorder and .
Step 1.6.2
Move .
Step 1.6.3
Move .
Step 1.6.4
Move .
Step 2
Create equations for the partial fraction variables and use them to set up a system of equations.
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Step 2.1
Create an equation for the partial fraction variables by equating the coefficients of from each side of the equation. For the equation to be equal, the equivalent coefficients on each side of the equation must be equal.
Step 2.2
Create an equation for the partial fraction variables by equating the coefficients of from each side of the equation. For the equation to be equal, the equivalent coefficients on each side of the equation must be equal.
Step 2.3
Create an equation for the partial fraction variables by equating the coefficients of the terms not containing . For the equation to be equal, the equivalent coefficients on each side of the equation must be equal.
Step 2.4
Set up the system of equations to find the coefficients of the partial fractions.
Step 3
Solve the system of equations.
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Step 3.1
Rewrite the equation as .
Step 3.2
Replace all occurrences of with in each equation.
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Step 3.2.1
Replace all occurrences of in with .
Step 3.2.2
Simplify the right side.
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Step 3.2.2.1
Remove parentheses.
Step 3.3
Solve for in .
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Step 3.3.1
Rewrite the equation as .
Step 3.3.2
Move all terms not containing to the right side of the equation.
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Step 3.3.2.1
Add to both sides of the equation.
Step 3.3.2.2
Add and .
Step 3.4
Replace all occurrences of with in each equation.
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Step 3.4.1
Replace all occurrences of in with .
Step 3.4.2
Simplify the right side.
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Step 3.4.2.1
Remove parentheses.
Step 3.5
Solve for in .
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Step 3.5.1
Rewrite the equation as .
Step 3.5.2
Move all terms not containing to the right side of the equation.
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Step 3.5.2.1
Subtract from both sides of the equation.
Step 3.5.2.2
Subtract from .
Step 3.6
Solve the system of equations.
Step 3.7
List all of the solutions.
Step 4
Replace each of the partial fraction coefficients in with the values found for , , and .