Calcolo Esempi

$\int \cos^{2} (x) \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Passaggio 1

Utilizza la formula di bisezione per riscrivere $\cos^{2} (x)$ come $\frac{1 + \cos (2 x)}{2}$ .

$\int \frac{1 + \cos (2 x)}{2} \sin^{4} (x) d x$

Passaggio 2

Semplifica tramite esclusione.

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Passaggio 2.1

Scomponi $2$ da $4$ .

$\int \frac{1 + \cos (2 x)}{2} {\sin (x)}^{2 (2)} d x$

Passaggio 2.2

Riscrivi ${\sin (x)}^{2 (2)}$ come un elevamento a potenza.

$\int \frac{1 + \cos (2 x)}{2} {(\sin^{2} (x))}^{2} d x$

$\int \frac{1 + \cos (2 x)}{2} {(\sin^{2} (x))}^{2} d x$

Passaggio 3

Utilizza la formula di bisezione per riscrivere $\sin^{2} (x)$ come $\frac{1 - \cos (2 x)}{2}$ .

$\int \frac{1 + \cos (2 x)}{2} {(\frac{1 - \cos (2 x)}{2})}^{2} d x$

Passaggio 4

Sia $u_{1} = 2 x$ . Allora $d u_{1} = 2 d x$ , quindi $\frac{1}{2} d u_{1} = d x$ . Riscrivi usando $u_{1}$ e $d$ $u_{1}$ .

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Passaggio 4.1

Sia $u_{1} = 2 x$ . Trova $\frac{d u_{1}}{d x}$ .

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Passaggio 4.1.1

Differenzia $2 x$ .

$\frac{d}{d x} [2 x]$

Passaggio 4.1.2

Poiché $2$ è costante rispetto a $x$ , la derivata di $2 x$ rispetto a $x$ è $2 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$ .

$2 \frac{d}{d x} [x]$

Passaggio 4.1.3

Differenzia usando la regola di potenza, che indica che $\frac{d}{d x} [x^{n}]$ è $n x^{n - 1}$ dove $n = 1$ .

$2 \cdot 1$

Passaggio 4.1.4

Moltiplica $2$ per $1$ .

$2$

$2$

Passaggio 4.2

Riscrivi il problema utilizzando $u_{1}$ e $d u_{1}$ .

$\int \frac{1 + \cos (u_{1})}{2} {(\frac{1 - \cos (u_{1})}{2})}^{2} \frac{1}{2} d u_{1}$

$\int \frac{1 + \cos (u_{1})}{2} {(\frac{1 - \cos (u_{1})}{2})}^{2} \frac{1}{2} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5

Semplifica moltiplicando.

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Passaggio 5.1

Semplifica.

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Passaggio 5.1.1

Moltiplica $\frac{1}{2}$ per $\frac{1 + \cos (u_{1})}{2}$ .

$\int \frac{1 + \cos (u_{1})}{2 \cdot 2} {(\frac{1 - \cos (u_{1})}{2})}^{2} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.1.2

Moltiplica $2$ per $2$ .

$\int \frac{1 + \cos (u_{1})}{4} {(\frac{1 - \cos (u_{1})}{2})}^{2} d u_{1}$

$\int \frac{1 + \cos (u_{1})}{4} {(\frac{1 - \cos (u_{1})}{2})}^{2} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.2

Semplifica con la commutazione.

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Passaggio 5.2.1

Riscrivi $\frac{1 + \cos (u_{1})}{4}$ come un prodotto.

$\int \frac{1}{4} \cdot (1 + \cos (u_{1})) {(\frac{1 - \cos (u_{1})}{2})}^{2} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.2.2

Riscrivi $\frac{1 - \cos (u_{1})}{2}$ come un prodotto.

$\int \frac{1}{4} \cdot (1 + \cos (u_{1})) {(\frac{1}{2} \cdot (1 - \cos (u_{1})))}^{2} d u_{1}$

$\int \frac{1}{4} \cdot (1 + \cos (u_{1})) {(\frac{1}{2} \cdot (1 - \cos (u_{1})))}^{2} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3

Espandi $\frac{1}{4} \cdot (1 + \cos (u_{1})) {(\frac{1}{2} \cdot (1 - \cos (u_{1})))}^{2}$ .

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Passaggio 5.3.1

Riscrivi l'elevamento a potenza come un prodotto.

$\int \frac{1}{4} \cdot (1 + \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (1 - \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (1 - \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.2

Applica la proprietà distributiva.

$\int (\frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (1 - \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (1 - \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.3

Applica la proprietà distributiva.

$\int (\frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) ((\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1}))) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (1 - \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.4

Applica la proprietà distributiva.

$\int (\frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) ((\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1}))) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.5

Applica la proprietà distributiva.

$\int (\frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1}))) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.6

Applica la proprietà distributiva.

$\int (\frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1}))) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.7

Applica la proprietà distributiva.

$\int (\frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1}))) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.8

Applica la proprietà distributiva.

$\int \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1}))) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1}))) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.9

Applica la proprietà distributiva.

$\int \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1}))) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.10

Applica la proprietà distributiva.

$\int \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1}))) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.11

Applica la proprietà distributiva.

$\int \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1}))) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.12

Applica la proprietà distributiva.

$\int \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.13

Applica la proprietà distributiva.

$\int \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1) + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.14

Applica la proprietà distributiva.

$\int \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.15

Riordina $\frac{1}{4}$ e $1$ .

$\int 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.16

Riordina $\frac{1}{2}$ e $1$ .

$\int 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.17

Riordina $\frac{1}{2}$ e $1$ .

$\int 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} (1 \cdot \frac{1}{2})) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.18

Sposta $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.19

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.20

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (1 \cdot 1) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.21

Sposta $\frac{1}{4}$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.22

Riordina $\frac{1}{4}$ e $1$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.23

Riordina $\frac{1}{2}$ e $1$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.24

Riordina $\frac{1}{2}$ e $- 1$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.25

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2}) \cos (u_{1})) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.26

Sposta $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1})) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.27

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2}) \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.28

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.29

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (1 \cdot - 1) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.30

Sposta $\frac{1}{4}$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.31

Riordina $\frac{1}{4}$ e $1$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.32

Riordina $\frac{1}{2}$ e $- 1$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.33

Riordina $\frac{1}{2}$ e $1$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) (1 \cdot \frac{1}{2})) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.34

Sposta $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.35

Sposta $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (- 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.36

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (- 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1})) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.37

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (- 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2}) \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.38

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (- 1 \cdot 1) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.39

Sposta $\frac{1}{4}$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.40

Riordina $\frac{1}{4}$ e $1$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.41

Riordina $\frac{1}{2}$ e $- 1$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.42

Riordina $\frac{1}{2}$ e $- 1$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.43

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2}) \cos (u_{1})) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.44

Sposta $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cdot - 1 \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1})) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.45

Sposta $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (- 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1})) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.46

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (- 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2}) \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.47

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (- 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1})) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.48

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (- 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2}) \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.49

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot \frac{1}{4} (- 1 \cdot - 1) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.50

Sposta $\frac{1}{4}$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.51

Riordina $\frac{1}{2}$ e $1$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.52

Riordina $\frac{1}{2}$ e $1$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} (1 \cdot \frac{1}{2})) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.53

Sposta $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.54

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.55

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (1 \cdot 1) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.56

Sposta $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.57

Sposta $\frac{1}{4}$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.58

Riordina $\frac{1}{2}$ e $1$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.59

Riordina $\frac{1}{2}$ e $- 1$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}))) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.60

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2}) \cos (u_{1})) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.61

Sposta $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1})) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.62

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2}) \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.63

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.64

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (1 \cdot - 1) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.65

Sposta $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.66

Sposta $\frac{1}{4}$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.67

Riordina $\frac{1}{2}$ e $- 1$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot 1)) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.68

Riordina $\frac{1}{2}$ e $1$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) (1 \cdot \frac{1}{2})) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.69

Sposta $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.70

Sposta $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (- 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.71

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (- 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1})) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.72

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (- 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{2}) \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.73

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (- 1 \cdot 1) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.74

Sposta $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + \frac{1}{4} \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.75

Sposta $\frac{1}{4}$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.76

Riordina $\frac{1}{2}$ e $- 1$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) (\frac{1}{2} \cdot (- \cos (u_{1})))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.77

Riordina $\frac{1}{2}$ e $- 1$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}))) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.78

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2}) \cos (u_{1})) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.79

Sposta $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (- 1 \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cdot - 1 \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1})) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.80

Sposta $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (- 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1})) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.81

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (- 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2}) \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.82

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (- 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1})) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.83

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (- 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{2}) \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.84

Sposta le parentesi.

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \cos (u_{1}) (- 1 \cdot - 1) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.85

Sposta $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.86

Sposta $\frac{1}{4}$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.87

Moltiplica $1$ per $1$ .

$\int 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.88

Moltiplica $1$ per $1$ .

$\int 1 (\frac{1}{4}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.89

Moltiplica $\frac{1}{4}$ per $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.90

Moltiplica $\frac{1}{4}$ per $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int \frac{1}{4 \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.91

Moltiplica $4$ per $2$ .

$\int \frac{1}{8} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.92

Moltiplica $\frac{1}{8}$ per $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int \frac{1}{8 \cdot 2} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.93

Moltiplica $8$ per $2$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + 1 \cdot 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.94

Moltiplica $1$ per $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.95

Moltiplica $- 1$ per $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.96

$- \frac{1}{4}$ e $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{1}{4 \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.97

Moltiplica $4$ per $2$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{1}{8} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.98

$- \frac{1}{8}$ e $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{1}{8 \cdot 2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.99

Moltiplica $8$ per $2$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{1}{16} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.100

$\frac{1}{16}$ e $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.101

Moltiplica $- 1$ per $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.102

Moltiplica $- 1$ per $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.103

$- \frac{1}{4}$ e $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{1}{4 \cdot 2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.104

Moltiplica $4$ per $2$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{1}{8} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.105

$\frac{1}{8}$ e $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{8} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.106

$- \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{8}$ e $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{8 \cdot 2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.107

Moltiplica $8$ per $2$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} + 1 \cdot - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.108

Moltiplica $- 1$ per $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.109

Moltiplica $- 1$ per $- 1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} + 1 (\frac{1}{4}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.110

Moltiplica $\frac{1}{4}$ per $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.111

Moltiplica $\frac{1}{4}$ per $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{1}{4 \cdot 2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.112

Moltiplica $4$ per $2$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{1}{8} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.113

$\frac{1}{8}$ e $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{8} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.114

Moltiplica $\frac{\cos (u_{1})}{8}$ per $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{8 \cdot 2} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.115

Moltiplica $8$ per $2$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} \cos (u_{1}) + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.116

$\frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16}$ e $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1}) \cos (u_{1})}{16} + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.117

Eleva $\cos (u_{1})$ alla potenza di $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{1} (u_{1}) \cos (u_{1})}{16} + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.118

Eleva $\cos (u_{1})$ alla potenza di $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{1} (u_{1}) \cos^{1} (u_{1})}{16} + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.119

Utilizza la regola per la potenza di una potenza $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ per combinare gli esponenti.

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{{\cos (u_{1})}^{1 + 1}}{16} + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.120

Somma $1$ e $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.121

Sottrai $\frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16}$ da $- \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16}$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} - 2 \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.122

$- 2$ e $\frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16}$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.123

Moltiplica $1$ per $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + 1 (\frac{1}{4}) \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.124

Moltiplica $\frac{1}{4}$ per $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.125

$\frac{1}{4}$ e $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.126

Moltiplica $\frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4}$ per $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4 \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.127

Moltiplica $4$ per $2$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{8} \cdot \frac{1}{2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.128

Moltiplica $\frac{\cos (u_{1})}{8}$ per $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{8 \cdot 2} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.129

Moltiplica $8$ per $2$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} + 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.130

Moltiplica $- 1$ per $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.131

$\frac{1}{4}$ e $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.132

$- \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4}$ e $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4 \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.133

Moltiplica $4$ per $2$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{8} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.134

$- \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{8}$ e $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{8 \cdot 2} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.135

Moltiplica $8$ per $2$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} \cos (u_{1}) - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.136

$\frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16}$ e $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1}) \cos (u_{1})}{16} - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.137

Eleva $\cos (u_{1})$ alla potenza di $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{1} (u_{1}) \cos (u_{1})}{16} - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.138

Eleva $\cos (u_{1})$ alla potenza di $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{1} (u_{1}) \cos^{1} (u_{1})}{16} - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.139

Utilizza la regola per la potenza di una potenza $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ per combinare gli esponenti.

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{{\cos (u_{1})}^{1 + 1}}{16} - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.140

Somma $1$ e $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - 1 \cdot 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.141

Moltiplica $- 1$ per $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.142

$\frac{1}{4}$ e $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.143

$- \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4}$ e $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4 \cdot 2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.144

Moltiplica $4$ per $2$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{8} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.145

$\frac{\cos (u_{1})}{8}$ e $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1}) \cos (u_{1})}{8} \cdot \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.146

Eleva $\cos (u_{1})$ alla potenza di $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{1} (u_{1}) \cos (u_{1})}{8} \cdot \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.147

Eleva $\cos (u_{1})$ alla potenza di $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{1} (u_{1}) \cos^{1} (u_{1})}{8} \cdot \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.148

Utilizza la regola per la potenza di una potenza $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ per combinare gli esponenti.

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{{\cos (u_{1})}^{1 + 1}}{8} \cdot \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.149

Somma $1$ e $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{8} \cdot \frac{1}{2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.150

$- \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{8}$ e $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{8 \cdot 2} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.151

Moltiplica $8$ per $2$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - 1 \cdot - 1 \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.152

Moltiplica $- 1$ per $- 1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + 1 (\frac{1}{4}) \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.153

Moltiplica $\frac{1}{4}$ per $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{1}{4} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.154

$\frac{1}{4}$ e $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.155

Moltiplica $\frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4}$ per $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{4 \cdot 2} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.156

Moltiplica $4$ per $2$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{8} \cos (u_{1}) \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.157

$\frac{\cos (u_{1})}{8}$ e $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1}) \cos (u_{1})}{8} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.158

Eleva $\cos (u_{1})$ alla potenza di $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{1} (u_{1}) \cos (u_{1})}{8} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.159

Eleva $\cos (u_{1})$ alla potenza di $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{1} (u_{1}) \cos^{1} (u_{1})}{8} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.160

Utilizza la regola per la potenza di una potenza $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ per combinare gli esponenti.

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{{\cos (u_{1})}^{1 + 1}}{8} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.161

Somma $1$ e $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{8} \cdot \frac{1}{2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.162

Moltiplica $\frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{8}$ per $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{8 \cdot 2} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.163

Moltiplica $8$ per $2$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.164

$\frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16}$ e $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1}) \cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.165

Eleva $\cos (u_{1})$ alla potenza di $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1}) \cos^{1} (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.166

Utilizza la regola per la potenza di una potenza $a^{m} a^{n} = a^{m + n}$ per combinare gli esponenti.

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{{\cos (u_{1})}^{2 + 1}}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.167

Somma $2$ e $1$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{3} (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.168

Sottrai $\frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16}$ da $- \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16}$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} - 2 \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{3} (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.169

$- 2$ e $\frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16}$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{3} (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.170

Riordina $\frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16}$ e $\frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16}$ .

$\int \frac{1}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{3} (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.171

Riordina $\frac{1}{16}$ e $\frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16}$ .

$\int \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{3} (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.172

Riordina $\frac{- 2 \cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16}$ e $\frac{\cos^{3} (u_{1})}{16}$ .

$\int \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{3} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.173

Sposta $\frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16}$ .

$\int \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{3} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.174

Sposta $\frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16}$ .

$\int \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{1}{16} + \frac{\cos^{3} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.175

Sposta $\frac{1}{16}$ .

$\int \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{3} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.176

Riordina $\frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16}$ e $\frac{\cos^{3} (u_{1})}{16}$ .

$\int \frac{\cos^{3} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.177

Riduci i numeratori su un comune denominatore.

$\int \frac{\cos^{3} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1}) - 2 \cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.178

Sottrai $2 \cos^{2} (u_{1})$ da $\cos^{2} (u_{1})$ .

$\int \frac{\cos^{3} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{- \cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.179

Riduci i numeratori su un comune denominatore.

$\int \frac{\cos^{3} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{- \cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- 2 \cos (u_{1}) + \cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.3.180

Somma $- 2 \cos (u_{1})$ e $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\int \frac{\cos^{3} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{- \cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- \cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

$\int \frac{\cos^{3} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{- \cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- \cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.4

Semplifica.

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Passaggio 5.4.1

Sposta il negativo davanti alla frazione.

$\int \frac{\cos^{3} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{1}{16} + \frac{- \cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 5.4.2

Sposta il negativo davanti alla frazione.

$\int \frac{\cos^{3} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

$\int \frac{\cos^{3} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

$\int \frac{\cos^{3} (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} + \frac{1}{16} - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 6

Dividi il singolo integrale in più integrali.

$\int \frac{\cos^{3} (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1} + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 7

Poiché $\frac{1}{16}$ è costante rispetto a $u_{1}$ , sposta $\frac{1}{16}$ fuori dall'integrale.

$\frac{1}{16} \int \cos^{3} (u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1} + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 8

Metti in evidenza $\cos^{2} (u_{1})$ .

$\frac{1}{16} \int \cos^{2} (u_{1}) \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1} + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 9

Utilizzando l'identità pitagorica, riscrivi $\cos^{2} (u_{1})$ come $1 - \sin^{2} (u_{1})$ .

$\frac{1}{16} \int (1 - \sin^{2} (u_{1})) \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1} + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 10

Sia $u_{2} = \sin (u_{1})$ . Allora $d u_{2} = \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1}$ , quindi $\frac{1}{\cos (u_{1})} d u_{2} = d u_{1}$ . Riscrivi usando $u_{2}$ e $d$ $u_{2}$ .

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Passaggio 10.1

Sia $u_{2} = \sin (u_{1})$ . Trova $\frac{d u_{2}}{d u_{1}}$ .

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Passaggio 10.1.1

Differenzia $\sin (u_{1})$ .

$\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [\sin (u_{1})]$

Passaggio 10.1.2

La derivata di $\sin (u_{1})$ rispetto a $u_{1}$ è $\cos (u_{1})$ .

$\cos (u_{1})$

$\cos (u_{1})$

Passaggio 10.2

Riscrivi il problema utilizzando $u_{2}$ e $d u_{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{16} \int 1 - {u_{2}}^{2} d u_{2} + \int - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1} + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

$\frac{1}{16} \int 1 - {u_{2}}^{2} d u_{2} + \int - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1} + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 11

Dividi il singolo integrale in più integrali.

$\frac{1}{16} (\int d u_{2} + \int - {u_{2}}^{2} d u_{2}) + \int - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1} + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 12

Applica la regola costante.

$\frac{1}{16} (u_{2} + C + \int - {u_{2}}^{2} d u_{2}) + \int - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1} + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 13

Poiché $- 1$ è costante rispetto a $u_{2}$ , sposta $- 1$ fuori dall'integrale.

$\frac{1}{16} (u_{2} + C - \int {u_{2}}^{2} d u_{2}) + \int - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1} + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 14

Secondo la regola di potenza, l'intero di ${u_{2}}^{2}$ rispetto a $u_{2}$ è $\frac{1}{3} {u_{2}}^{3}$ .

$\frac{1}{16} (u_{2} + C - (\frac{1}{3} {u_{2}}^{3} + C)) + \int - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1} + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 15

$\frac{1}{3}$ e ${u_{2}}^{3}$ .

$\frac{1}{16} (u_{2} + C - (\frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{3} + C)) + \int - \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1} + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 16

Poiché $- 1$ è costante rispetto a $u_{1}$ , sposta $- 1$ fuori dall'integrale.

$\frac{1}{16} (u_{2} + C - (\frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{3} + C)) - \int \frac{\cos^{2} (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1} + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 17

Poiché $\frac{1}{16}$ è costante rispetto a $u_{1}$ , sposta $\frac{1}{16}$ fuori dall'integrale.

$\frac{1}{16} (u_{2} + C - (\frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{3} + C)) - (\frac{1}{16} \int \cos^{2} (u_{1}) d u_{1}) + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 18

Utilizza la formula di bisezione per riscrivere $\cos^{2} (u_{1})$ come $\frac{1 + \cos (2 u_{1})}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{16} (u_{2} + C - (\frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{3} + C)) - \frac{1}{16} \int \frac{1 + \cos (2 u_{1})}{2} d u_{1} + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 19

Poiché $\frac{1}{2}$ è costante rispetto a $u_{1}$ , sposta $\frac{1}{2}$ fuori dall'integrale.

$\frac{1}{16} (u_{2} + C - (\frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{3} + C)) - \frac{1}{16} (\frac{1}{2} \int 1 + \cos (2 u_{1}) d u_{1}) + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 20

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Passaggio 20.1

Moltiplica $\frac{1}{2}$ per $\frac{1}{16}$ .

$\frac{1}{16} (u_{2} + C - (\frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{3} + C)) - \frac{1}{2 \cdot 16} \int 1 + \cos (2 u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 20.2

Moltiplica $2$ per $16$ .

$\frac{1}{16} (u_{2} + C - (\frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{3} + C)) - \frac{1}{32} \int 1 + \cos (2 u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

$\frac{1}{16} (u_{2} + C - (\frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{3} + C)) - \frac{1}{32} \int 1 + \cos (2 u_{1}) d u_{1} + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 21

Dividi il singolo integrale in più integrali.

$\frac{1}{16} (u_{2} + C - (\frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{3} + C)) - \frac{1}{32} (\int d u_{1} + \int \cos (2 u_{1}) d u_{1}) + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 22

Applica la regola costante.

$\frac{1}{16} (u_{2} + C - (\frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{3} + C)) - \frac{1}{32} (u_{1} + C + \int \cos (2 u_{1}) d u_{1}) + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 23

Sia $u_{3} = 2 u_{1}$ . Allora $d u_{3} = 2 d u_{1}$ , quindi $\frac{1}{2} d u_{3} = d u_{1}$ . Riscrivi usando $u_{3}$ e $d$ $u_{3}$ .

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Passaggio 23.1

Sia $u_{3} = 2 u_{1}$ . Trova $\frac{d u_{3}}{d u_{1}}$ .

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Passaggio 23.1.1

Differenzia $2 u_{1}$ .

$\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [2 u_{1}]$

Passaggio 23.1.2

Poiché $2$ è costante rispetto a $u_{1}$ , la derivata di $2 u_{1}$ rispetto a $u_{1}$ è $2 \frac{d}{d u_{1}} [u_{1}]$ .

$2 \frac{d}{d u_{1}} [u_{1}]$

Passaggio 23.1.3

Differenzia usando la regola di potenza, che indica che $\frac{d}{d u_{1}} [{u_{1}}^{n}]$ è $n {u_{1}}^{n - 1}$ dove $n = 1$ .

$2 \cdot 1$

Passaggio 23.1.4

Moltiplica $2$ per $1$ .

$2$

$2$

Passaggio 23.2

Riscrivi il problema utilizzando $u_{3}$ e $d u_{3}$ .

$\frac{1}{16} (u_{2} + C - (\frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{3} + C)) - \frac{1}{32} (u_{1} + C + \int \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} d u_{3}) + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

$\frac{1}{16} (u_{2} + C - (\frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{3} + C)) - \frac{1}{32} (u_{1} + C + \int \cos (u_{3}) \frac{1}{2} d u_{3}) + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 24

$\cos (u_{3})$ e $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$\frac{1}{16} (u_{2} + C - (\frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{3} + C)) - \frac{1}{32} (u_{1} + C + \int \frac{\cos (u_{3})}{2} d u_{3}) + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 25

Poiché $\frac{1}{2}$ è costante rispetto a $u_{3}$ , sposta $\frac{1}{2}$ fuori dall'integrale.

$\frac{1}{16} (u_{2} + C - (\frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{3} + C)) - \frac{1}{32} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} \int \cos (u_{3}) d u_{3}) + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 26

L'integrale di $\cos (u_{3})$ rispetto a $u_{3}$ è $\sin (u_{3})$ .

$\frac{1}{16} (u_{2} + C - (\frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{3} + C)) - \frac{1}{32} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{3}) + C)) + \int \frac{1}{16} d u_{1} + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 27

Applica la regola costante.

$\frac{1}{16} (u_{2} + C - (\frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{3} + C)) - \frac{1}{32} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{3}) + C)) + \frac{1}{16} u_{1} + C + \int - \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 28

Poiché $- 1$ è costante rispetto a $u_{1}$ , sposta $- 1$ fuori dall'integrale.

$\frac{1}{16} (u_{2} + C - (\frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{3} + C)) - \frac{1}{32} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{3}) + C)) + \frac{1}{16} u_{1} + C - \int \frac{\cos (u_{1})}{16} d u_{1}$

Passaggio 29

Poiché $\frac{1}{16}$ è costante rispetto a $u_{1}$ , sposta $\frac{1}{16}$ fuori dall'integrale.

$\frac{1}{16} (u_{2} + C - (\frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{3} + C)) - \frac{1}{32} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{3}) + C)) + \frac{1}{16} u_{1} + C - (\frac{1}{16} \int \cos (u_{1}) d u_{1})$

Passaggio 30

L'integrale di $\cos (u_{1})$ rispetto a $u_{1}$ è $\sin (u_{1})$ .

$\frac{1}{16} (u_{2} + C - (\frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{3} + C)) - \frac{1}{32} (u_{1} + C + \frac{1}{2} (\sin (u_{3}) + C)) + \frac{1}{16} u_{1} + C - \frac{1}{16} (\sin (u_{1}) + C)$

Passaggio 31

Semplifica.

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Passaggio 31.1

Semplifica.

$\frac{u_{2}}{16} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{48} - \frac{u_{1}}{32} - \frac{\sin (u_{3})}{64} + \frac{u_{1}}{16} - \frac{1}{16} \sin (u_{1}) + C$

Passaggio 31.2

Semplifica.

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Passaggio 31.2.1

Per scrivere $\frac{u_{1}}{16}$ come una frazione con un comune denominatore, moltiplicala per $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{u_{2}}{16} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{48} - \frac{u_{1}}{32} + \frac{u_{1}}{16} \cdot \frac{2}{2} - \frac{\sin (u_{3})}{64} - \frac{1}{16} \sin (u_{1}) + C$

Passaggio 31.2.2

Scrivi ogni espressione con un comune denominatore di $32$ , moltiplicando ciascuna per il fattore appropriato di $1$ .

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Passaggio 31.2.2.1

Moltiplica $\frac{u_{1}}{16}$ per $\frac{2}{2}$ .

$\frac{u_{2}}{16} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{48} - \frac{u_{1}}{32} + \frac{u_{1} \cdot 2}{16 \cdot 2} - \frac{\sin (u_{3})}{64} - \frac{1}{16} \sin (u_{1}) + C$

Passaggio 31.2.2.2

Moltiplica $16$ per $2$ .

$\frac{u_{2}}{16} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{48} - \frac{u_{1}}{32} + \frac{u_{1} \cdot 2}{32} - \frac{\sin (u_{3})}{64} - \frac{1}{16} \sin (u_{1}) + C$

$\frac{u_{2}}{16} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{48} - \frac{u_{1}}{32} + \frac{u_{1} \cdot 2}{32} - \frac{\sin (u_{3})}{64} - \frac{1}{16} \sin (u_{1}) + C$

Passaggio 31.2.3

Riduci i numeratori su un comune denominatore.

$\frac{u_{2}}{16} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{48} + \frac{- u_{1} + u_{1} \cdot 2}{32} - \frac{\sin (u_{3})}{64} - \frac{1}{16} \sin (u_{1}) + C$

Passaggio 31.2.4

Sposta $2$ alla sinistra di $u_{1}$ .

$\frac{u_{2}}{16} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{48} + \frac{- u_{1} + 2 \cdot u_{1}}{32} - \frac{\sin (u_{3})}{64} - \frac{1}{16} \sin (u_{1}) + C$

Passaggio 31.2.5

Somma $- u_{1}$ e $2 u_{1}$ .

$\frac{u_{2}}{16} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{48} + \frac{u_{1}}{32} - \frac{\sin (u_{3})}{64} - \frac{1}{16} \sin (u_{1}) + C$

$\frac{u_{2}}{16} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{48} + \frac{u_{1}}{32} - \frac{\sin (u_{3})}{64} - \frac{1}{16} \sin (u_{1}) + C$

$\frac{u_{2}}{16} - \frac{{u_{2}}^{3}}{48} + \frac{u_{1}}{32} - \frac{\sin (u_{3})}{64} - \frac{1}{16} \sin (u_{1}) + C$

Passaggio 32

Sostituisci al posto di ogni variabile di integrazione per sostituzione.

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Passaggio 32.1

Sostituisci tutte le occorrenze di $u_{2}$ con $\sin (u_{1})$ .

$\frac{\sin (u_{1})}{16} - \frac{\sin^{3} (u_{1})}{48} + \frac{u_{1}}{32} - \frac{\sin (u_{3})}{64} - \frac{1}{16} \sin (u_{1}) + C$

Passaggio 32.2

Sostituisci tutte le occorrenze di $u_{1}$ con $2 x$ .

$\frac{\sin (2 x)}{16} - \frac{\sin^{3} (2 x)}{48} + \frac{2 x}{32} - \frac{\sin (u_{3})}{64} - \frac{1}{16} \sin (2 x) + C$

Passaggio 32.3

Sostituisci tutte le occorrenze di $u_{3}$ con $2 u_{1}$ .

$\frac{\sin (2 x)}{16} - \frac{\sin^{3} (2 x)}{48} + \frac{2 x}{32} - \frac{\sin (2 u_{1})}{64} - \frac{1}{16} \sin (2 x) + C$

Passaggio 32.4

Sostituisci tutte le occorrenze di $u_{1}$ con $2 x$ .

$\frac{\sin (2 x)}{16} - \frac{\sin^{3} (2 x)}{48} + \frac{2 x}{32} - \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{64} - \frac{1}{16} \sin (2 x) + C$

$\frac{\sin (2 x)}{16} - \frac{\sin^{3} (2 x)}{48} + \frac{2 x}{32} - \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{64} - \frac{1}{16} \sin (2 x) + C$

Passaggio 33

Semplifica.

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Passaggio 33.1

Riduci l'espressione $\frac{2 x}{32}$ eliminando i fattori comuni.

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Passaggio 33.1.1

Scomponi $2$ da $2 x$ .

$\frac{\sin (2 x)}{16} - \frac{\sin^{3} (2 x)}{48} + \frac{2 (x)}{32} - \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{64} - \frac{1}{16} \sin (2 x) + C$

Passaggio 33.1.2

Scomponi $2$ da $32$ .

$\frac{\sin (2 x)}{16} - \frac{\sin^{3} (2 x)}{48} + \frac{2 x}{2 \cdot 16} - \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{64} - \frac{1}{16} \sin (2 x) + C$

Passaggio 33.1.3

Elimina il fattore comune.

$\frac{\sin (2 x)}{16} - \frac{\sin^{3} (2 x)}{48} + \frac{2 x}{2 \cdot 16} - \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{64} - \frac{1}{16} \sin (2 x) + C$

Passaggio 33.1.4

Riscrivi l'espressione.

$\frac{\sin (2 x)}{16} - \frac{\sin^{3} (2 x)}{48} + \frac{x}{16} - \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{64} - \frac{1}{16} \sin (2 x) + C$

$\frac{\sin (2 x)}{16} - \frac{\sin^{3} (2 x)}{48} + \frac{x}{16} - \frac{\sin (2 (2 x))}{64} - \frac{1}{16} \sin (2 x) + C$

Passaggio 33.2

Moltiplica $2$ per $2$ .

$\frac{\sin (2 x)}{16} - \frac{\sin^{3} (2 x)}{48} + \frac{x}{16} - \frac{\sin (4 x)}{64} - \frac{1}{16} \sin (2 x) + C$

Passaggio 33.3

$\sin (2 x)$ e $\frac{1}{16}$ .

$\frac{\sin (2 x)}{16} - \frac{\sin^{3} (2 x)}{48} + \frac{x}{16} - \frac{\sin (4 x)}{64} - \frac{\sin (2 x)}{16} + C$

$\frac{\sin (2 x)}{16} - \frac{\sin^{3} (2 x)}{48} + \frac{x}{16} - \frac{\sin (4 x)}{64} - \frac{\sin (2 x)}{16} + C$

Passaggio 34

Riordina i termini.

$\frac{1}{16} \sin (2 x) - \frac{1}{48} \sin^{3} (2 x) + \frac{1}{16} x - \frac{1}{64} \sin (4 x) - \frac{1}{16} \sin (2 x) + C$

$[\begin{array}{c} x^{2} & \frac{1}{2} \\ \sqrt{π} & \int x d x \end{array}]$