sample: Refers to a representative portion of the population from which information is gathered.
sample space: For an experiment, the sample space includes all the possible outcomes.
scale drawing: A drawing that is a reduction or enlargement of the original.
scale factor: The ratio of a distance measured on a scale drawing to the corresponding distance measured on the actual object.
scalene triangle: A triangle with three unequal sides.
scattergram: A graph with points plotted on a coordinate plane.
scientific notation: A method for writing extremely large or small numbers compactly in which the number is shown as the product of two factors.
secant: Ratio of the hypotenuse to the adjacent side of a right-angled triangle.
secant of circle: A line that intersects a circle in two points.
second: A unit of measure for angles equal to 1/60 of a minute.
secondary data: Data obtained indirectly from sources such as a book or computer database.
sector: An area between an arc and two radiuses of a circle. Sometimes referred to as a wedge.
segment: A piece of a line with two endpoints.
sequence: A set of numbers, called terms, arranged in some particular order.
set: A well-defined group of objects.
similar: Two polygons are similar if their corresponding sides are proportional.
simplest form (lowest terms): A fraction is in simplest form if both its numerator and denominator are whole numbers and their only common factor is 1 .
simplified fraction: A fraction in simplest form.
sine: In a right triangle, the ratio of the length of the side opposite the angle to the length of the hypotenuse.
simplifying: Reducing to lowest terms.
skew lines: Lines that are not in the same plane and that do not intersect.
slope: The steepness of a line expressed as a ratio, using any two points on the line.
slope-intercept: An equation of the form y=mx+b , where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept.
solute: A homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances.
solution: The value of a variable that makes an equation true.
specific heat: The measure of the heat energy required to increase the temperature of a unit quantity of a substance by a certain temperature interval.
sphere: A three-dimensional figure with all points in space a fixed distance from a given point, called the center.
spreadsheet: A computer generated arrangement of data in rows and columns.
square: A quadrilateral with four equal sides and four  angles.
square root: The square root of x is the number that, when multiplied by itself, gives the number x .
standard deviation: A statistic that measures the dispersion of a sample.
standard notation: Decimal notation.
statistics: The science of collecting, organizing, and analyzing data.
stem-and-leaf plot: In statistics, a way of recording, organizing and displaying numerical data so that the original data remains intact.
stoichiometry: The calculation of quantitative (measurable) relationships of the reactants and products in a balanced chemical reaction (chemicals).
straight angle: An angle that measures  .
subset: A set that forms one part of a larger set.
subtraction: The process of finding the difference between two numbers.
sum: The result of adding numbers.
superset: A set that consists of a collection of smaller subsets.
supplementary angles: Two angles are supplementary if their sum is .
surface area: For a three-dimensional figure, the sum of the areas of all the faces.
symmetry: A correspondence of parts.
system of equations: A collection of two or more equations with a same set of unknowns.
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